. The increasing popularity of power constrained mobile computers and embedded computing applicat... more . The increasing popularity of power constrained mobile computers and embedded computing applicationsdrives the need for analyzing and optimizing power in all the components of a system. Softwareconstitutes a major component of today's systems, and its role is projected to grow even further. Thus, anever increasing portion of the functionality of today's systems is in the form of instructions, as
In this paper, we proposed a new First Partial product Addition (FPA) architecture with new compr... more In this paper, we proposed a new First Partial product Addition (FPA) architecture with new compressor (or parallel counter) to CSA tree built in the process of adding partial product for improving speed in the fast parallel multiplier to improve the speed of calculating partial product by about 20% compared with existing parallel counter using full Adder. The new circuit reduces the CLA bit finding final sum by N/2 using the novel FPA architecture. A 5.14ns of multiplication speed of the 16X16 multiplier is obtained using 0.25um CMOS technology. The architecture of the multiplier is easily opted for pipeline design and demonstrates high speed performance.
Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, 2000
... in better performance than other published MACs due to no DC leakage currents for low power a... more ... in better performance than other published MACs due to no DC leakage currents for low power and bypassing unnecessary switching ... conventional computer system[1], however could not satisfy new application areas like real-time MPEG and/or Web-based internet applications ...
The ocular findings, systemic features, and genetic loci distinguishing known genetic causes of v... more The ocular findings, systemic features, and genetic loci distinguishing known genetic causes of vitreoretinal degenerations were studied in the original Snowflake family. Prospective, comparative study and molecular genetic investigation. Members of the original snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration family. Clinical data were collected on 26 family members by history and examination. Thirteen of the 26 total family members underwent prospective examination. Linkage to known vitreoretinal degeneration loci (COL2A1, COL11A1, and the Wagner disease locus) was evaluated with short tandem repeat markers. Ocular and systemic features of known vitreoretinal degenerations. Six of the 13 prospectively examined subjects had snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration. Corneal guttae (4/5; 80%), early onset cataract (5/6; 83%), fibrillar vitreous degeneration (6/6; 100%), and peripheral retinal abnormalities (5/6; 83%), including minute crystallinelike deposits called snowflakes (4/6; 67%), were common. Retinal detachment was seen in 1 of 6 of these prospectively examined subjects (17%). A total of 14 affected subjects were identified within the family, and in 3 (21%), retinal detachment developed. Orofacial features, early-onset hearing loss, and arthritis typical of Stickler syndrome were absent. Linkage to known vitreoretinal degeneration loci was excluded. The absence of vitreous gel in the retrolental space and presence of fibrillar vitreous degeneration were consistent with the vitreous structure reported for collagen 11A1 (COL11A1) but not collagen 2A1 (COL2A1) mutations. The absence of systemic features was characteristic of the vitreoretinopathies linked to chromosome 5q13 (Wagner disease and erosive vitreoretinopathy) and mutations in exon 2 of the COL2A1 gene. Snowflakes in the peripheral retina and the absence of nyctalopia, posterior chorioretinal atrophy, and tractional retinal detachment were inconsistent with the chromosome 5q13 vitreoretinopathies. The association of Fuchs' corneal endothelial dystrophy found in this family has not been reported previously in other vitreoretinal degenerations. These findings and the exclusion of known genetic loci suggest snowflake is a distinct vitreoretinal degeneration.
Archives of Dermatology is a monthly professional medical journal published by the American Medic... more Archives of Dermatology is a monthly professional medical journal published by the American Medical Association. Archives of Dermatology publishes original, peer-reviewed reports and discussions that address the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment in medical and surgical ...
Mike Myung-Ok Lee', Seung-Min Lee'.'', Kamran Eshraghian", Dae-Jm Kim&#x... more Mike Myung-Ok Lee', Seung-Min Lee'.'', Kamran Eshraghian", Dae-Jm Kim' and Chil-'woo Lee +++ ... 'School of EE, Information and Communications, Dongshin University 252 Daeho-dong, Najy chonnam 520-714, Korea Tel+82-62-513-2929, Email: ...
Wandering spleen is a rare but potentially clinically significant entity, and may be a cause for ... more Wandering spleen is a rare but potentially clinically significant entity, and may be a cause for a patient presenting with acute abdomen. Because wandering spleen may present with non-specific symptoms and presentation, it can be a difficult diagnosis to make clinically. This paper describes a case report of the use of dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in a young woman to confirm the diagnosis of wandering spleen pre-operatively. The patient underwent a splenopexy and a post-operative MRI confirmed the successful surgical fixation of the patient's spleen.
Within the pharmaceutical industry, the rapid identification, elucidation and characterization of... more Within the pharmaceutical industry, the rapid identification, elucidation and characterization of synthetic or process impurities or degradants form an intense and a comprehensive undertaking. Advances in laboratory hardware and software are changing the way in which scientists work together to help resolve impurities in a quick and efficient manner. Although the industry trend toward externalization and outsourcing of development tasks provides a cost-effective method, the demand for improved productivity in laboratory workflows in drug development continues to be a high priority. This brings a need for new approaches for communication, collaboration and data management.
Fermentation broth extracts were rapidly screened for the presence of daidzein and genistein with... more Fermentation broth extracts were rapidly screened for the presence of daidzein and genistein with an approach utilizing the desorption chemical ionization (DCI) and thermospray (TS) ionization modes in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). DCI/MS/MS techniques ...
Structural information on drug degradants and impurities can serve to accelerate the drug discove... more Structural information on drug degradants and impurities can serve to accelerate the drug discovery and development cycle. Traditional structure elucidation methodologies for obtaining this information are often slow and resource-consuming; therefore, LC/MS profiling and LC/MS/MS substructural analysis methodologies have been developed to rapidly and accurately elucidate structures of impurities and degradants. This work is a further development of methodologies used for the elucidation of degradation products of paclitaxel [K.J. Volk et al., Proc. 9th AAPS Ann. Meeting, 1994, p.29]. In this study cefadroxil was used as a model compound for the evaluation of a predictive strategy for the production and elucidation of impurities and degradants induced by acid, base, and heat, using LC/MS and LC/MS/MS profiling methodology, resulting in an LC/MS degradant database which includes information on molecular structures, chromatographic behavior, molecular weight, UV data, and MS/MS substructural information. Furthermore, libraries such as this can provide a predictive foundation for pre-clinical development work involving drug stability, synthesis, and monitoring.
The bioaffinity of receptor-ligand interactions is investigated by determining the binding consta... more The bioaffinity of receptor-ligand interactions is investigated by determining the binding constant (association constant or dissociation constant) of the resulting complex utilizing affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE). The ACE binding assay was established with a potent immunosuppressant, deoxyspergualin (DSG), that binds specifically to Hsc70, a constitutive or cognate member of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) family. Quantitative determination of binding constants under different running buffer systems provide comparative results. The association constants for the interaction between Hsc70 protein and DSG were found to be 5.7 x 10(4) M-1 in a buffer with pH 6.95 and 6.3 x 10(4) M-1 in a buffer with pH 5.30 (or corresponding dissociation constants, 18 and 16 microM, respectively) based on Scatchard analyses. Binding of DSG to a synthetic peptide, SINPDEAVAYGAAVQAAILSGDK, one of the DSG-binding fragments found from tryptic digest of Hsc70 protein, provides further detailed information for the understanding of Hsc70 binding domain. The applicability of using coated capillaries was also evaluated for probing Hsc70-DSG interaction.
Analytical methodology developed for the trace analysis of natural products in crude extracts was... more Analytical methodology developed for the trace analysis of natural products in crude extracts was utilized for the rapid and systematic structure elucidation of taxanes in Taxus extracts and process intermediates. This method integrates analytical hplc, uv detection, uv spectroscopy, full-scan ionspray mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry on-line. The identification of structure of a taxane is based on comparing the mass spectrometric characteristics of the taxane with the paclitaxel substructural "template." Analytical data for taxanes in preparations from Taxus brevifolia and Taxus baccata were observed, including chromatographic characteristics using a standard hplc system, molecular weight, and collision induced dissociation (cid) tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms) product ion spectra. The data obtained for 18 taxanes from natural sources using this method provided a taxane profile database useful for the rapid identification of taxanes in mixtures and samples of limited quantity.
A rapid and systematic LC-MS protocol is utilized to profile buspirone metabolites. Analysis of r... more A rapid and systematic LC-MS protocol is utilized to profile buspirone metabolites. Analysis of rat bile, urine and liver S9 samples using a standard LC-MS method provides structural information for 25 metabolites. The resulting buspirone metabolite structure database contains characteristic retention time, molecular mass and MS-MS product ion information for each compound. Metabolites are categorized according to profile groups, which illustrate that substitution reactions are primarily associated with the azaspirone decane dione and pyrimidine substructures. Structures of new buspirone metabolites are reported and include the despyrimidinyl, despyrimidinylpiperazine, glucuronide, hydroxyglucuronide (four isomers), methoxyglucuronide and hydroxymethoxyglucuronide (two isomers) buspirone metabolites.
. The increasing popularity of power constrained mobile computers and embedded computing applicat... more . The increasing popularity of power constrained mobile computers and embedded computing applicationsdrives the need for analyzing and optimizing power in all the components of a system. Softwareconstitutes a major component of today's systems, and its role is projected to grow even further. Thus, anever increasing portion of the functionality of today's systems is in the form of instructions, as
In this paper, we proposed a new First Partial product Addition (FPA) architecture with new compr... more In this paper, we proposed a new First Partial product Addition (FPA) architecture with new compressor (or parallel counter) to CSA tree built in the process of adding partial product for improving speed in the fast parallel multiplier to improve the speed of calculating partial product by about 20% compared with existing parallel counter using full Adder. The new circuit reduces the CLA bit finding final sum by N/2 using the novel FPA architecture. A 5.14ns of multiplication speed of the 16X16 multiplier is obtained using 0.25um CMOS technology. The architecture of the multiplier is easily opted for pipeline design and demonstrates high speed performance.
Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, 2000
... in better performance than other published MACs due to no DC leakage currents for low power a... more ... in better performance than other published MACs due to no DC leakage currents for low power and bypassing unnecessary switching ... conventional computer system[1], however could not satisfy new application areas like real-time MPEG and/or Web-based internet applications ...
The ocular findings, systemic features, and genetic loci distinguishing known genetic causes of v... more The ocular findings, systemic features, and genetic loci distinguishing known genetic causes of vitreoretinal degenerations were studied in the original Snowflake family. Prospective, comparative study and molecular genetic investigation. Members of the original snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration family. Clinical data were collected on 26 family members by history and examination. Thirteen of the 26 total family members underwent prospective examination. Linkage to known vitreoretinal degeneration loci (COL2A1, COL11A1, and the Wagner disease locus) was evaluated with short tandem repeat markers. Ocular and systemic features of known vitreoretinal degenerations. Six of the 13 prospectively examined subjects had snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration. Corneal guttae (4/5; 80%), early onset cataract (5/6; 83%), fibrillar vitreous degeneration (6/6; 100%), and peripheral retinal abnormalities (5/6; 83%), including minute crystallinelike deposits called snowflakes (4/6; 67%), were common. Retinal detachment was seen in 1 of 6 of these prospectively examined subjects (17%). A total of 14 affected subjects were identified within the family, and in 3 (21%), retinal detachment developed. Orofacial features, early-onset hearing loss, and arthritis typical of Stickler syndrome were absent. Linkage to known vitreoretinal degeneration loci was excluded. The absence of vitreous gel in the retrolental space and presence of fibrillar vitreous degeneration were consistent with the vitreous structure reported for collagen 11A1 (COL11A1) but not collagen 2A1 (COL2A1) mutations. The absence of systemic features was characteristic of the vitreoretinopathies linked to chromosome 5q13 (Wagner disease and erosive vitreoretinopathy) and mutations in exon 2 of the COL2A1 gene. Snowflakes in the peripheral retina and the absence of nyctalopia, posterior chorioretinal atrophy, and tractional retinal detachment were inconsistent with the chromosome 5q13 vitreoretinopathies. The association of Fuchs' corneal endothelial dystrophy found in this family has not been reported previously in other vitreoretinal degenerations. These findings and the exclusion of known genetic loci suggest snowflake is a distinct vitreoretinal degeneration.
Archives of Dermatology is a monthly professional medical journal published by the American Medic... more Archives of Dermatology is a monthly professional medical journal published by the American Medical Association. Archives of Dermatology publishes original, peer-reviewed reports and discussions that address the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment in medical and surgical ...
Mike Myung-Ok Lee', Seung-Min Lee'.'', Kamran Eshraghian", Dae-Jm Kim&#x... more Mike Myung-Ok Lee', Seung-Min Lee'.'', Kamran Eshraghian", Dae-Jm Kim' and Chil-'woo Lee +++ ... 'School of EE, Information and Communications, Dongshin University 252 Daeho-dong, Najy chonnam 520-714, Korea Tel+82-62-513-2929, Email: ...
Wandering spleen is a rare but potentially clinically significant entity, and may be a cause for ... more Wandering spleen is a rare but potentially clinically significant entity, and may be a cause for a patient presenting with acute abdomen. Because wandering spleen may present with non-specific symptoms and presentation, it can be a difficult diagnosis to make clinically. This paper describes a case report of the use of dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in a young woman to confirm the diagnosis of wandering spleen pre-operatively. The patient underwent a splenopexy and a post-operative MRI confirmed the successful surgical fixation of the patient's spleen.
Within the pharmaceutical industry, the rapid identification, elucidation and characterization of... more Within the pharmaceutical industry, the rapid identification, elucidation and characterization of synthetic or process impurities or degradants form an intense and a comprehensive undertaking. Advances in laboratory hardware and software are changing the way in which scientists work together to help resolve impurities in a quick and efficient manner. Although the industry trend toward externalization and outsourcing of development tasks provides a cost-effective method, the demand for improved productivity in laboratory workflows in drug development continues to be a high priority. This brings a need for new approaches for communication, collaboration and data management.
Fermentation broth extracts were rapidly screened for the presence of daidzein and genistein with... more Fermentation broth extracts were rapidly screened for the presence of daidzein and genistein with an approach utilizing the desorption chemical ionization (DCI) and thermospray (TS) ionization modes in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). DCI/MS/MS techniques ...
Structural information on drug degradants and impurities can serve to accelerate the drug discove... more Structural information on drug degradants and impurities can serve to accelerate the drug discovery and development cycle. Traditional structure elucidation methodologies for obtaining this information are often slow and resource-consuming; therefore, LC/MS profiling and LC/MS/MS substructural analysis methodologies have been developed to rapidly and accurately elucidate structures of impurities and degradants. This work is a further development of methodologies used for the elucidation of degradation products of paclitaxel [K.J. Volk et al., Proc. 9th AAPS Ann. Meeting, 1994, p.29]. In this study cefadroxil was used as a model compound for the evaluation of a predictive strategy for the production and elucidation of impurities and degradants induced by acid, base, and heat, using LC/MS and LC/MS/MS profiling methodology, resulting in an LC/MS degradant database which includes information on molecular structures, chromatographic behavior, molecular weight, UV data, and MS/MS substructural information. Furthermore, libraries such as this can provide a predictive foundation for pre-clinical development work involving drug stability, synthesis, and monitoring.
The bioaffinity of receptor-ligand interactions is investigated by determining the binding consta... more The bioaffinity of receptor-ligand interactions is investigated by determining the binding constant (association constant or dissociation constant) of the resulting complex utilizing affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE). The ACE binding assay was established with a potent immunosuppressant, deoxyspergualin (DSG), that binds specifically to Hsc70, a constitutive or cognate member of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) family. Quantitative determination of binding constants under different running buffer systems provide comparative results. The association constants for the interaction between Hsc70 protein and DSG were found to be 5.7 x 10(4) M-1 in a buffer with pH 6.95 and 6.3 x 10(4) M-1 in a buffer with pH 5.30 (or corresponding dissociation constants, 18 and 16 microM, respectively) based on Scatchard analyses. Binding of DSG to a synthetic peptide, SINPDEAVAYGAAVQAAILSGDK, one of the DSG-binding fragments found from tryptic digest of Hsc70 protein, provides further detailed information for the understanding of Hsc70 binding domain. The applicability of using coated capillaries was also evaluated for probing Hsc70-DSG interaction.
Analytical methodology developed for the trace analysis of natural products in crude extracts was... more Analytical methodology developed for the trace analysis of natural products in crude extracts was utilized for the rapid and systematic structure elucidation of taxanes in Taxus extracts and process intermediates. This method integrates analytical hplc, uv detection, uv spectroscopy, full-scan ionspray mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry on-line. The identification of structure of a taxane is based on comparing the mass spectrometric characteristics of the taxane with the paclitaxel substructural "template." Analytical data for taxanes in preparations from Taxus brevifolia and Taxus baccata were observed, including chromatographic characteristics using a standard hplc system, molecular weight, and collision induced dissociation (cid) tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms) product ion spectra. The data obtained for 18 taxanes from natural sources using this method provided a taxane profile database useful for the rapid identification of taxanes in mixtures and samples of limited quantity.
A rapid and systematic LC-MS protocol is utilized to profile buspirone metabolites. Analysis of r... more A rapid and systematic LC-MS protocol is utilized to profile buspirone metabolites. Analysis of rat bile, urine and liver S9 samples using a standard LC-MS method provides structural information for 25 metabolites. The resulting buspirone metabolite structure database contains characteristic retention time, molecular mass and MS-MS product ion information for each compound. Metabolites are categorized according to profile groups, which illustrate that substitution reactions are primarily associated with the azaspirone decane dione and pyrimidine substructures. Structures of new buspirone metabolites are reported and include the despyrimidinyl, despyrimidinylpiperazine, glucuronide, hydroxyglucuronide (four isomers), methoxyglucuronide and hydroxymethoxyglucuronide (two isomers) buspirone metabolites.
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