2017 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 2017
Dyscalculia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the ability of a child to learn arithme... more Dyscalculia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the ability of a child to learn arithmetic. Dyscalculia appears despite normal intelligence, proper schooling, adequate environment, socioeconomic status and motivation. The first aim of the present research protocol was to construct a battery of tests that can be delivered by computer in order to screen children's arithmetic skills. Our second aim was to develop a web application screener for dyscalculia that assesses children aged from 8–11 years old and that, to the best of our knowledge, does not exist. The hypothesis of the present study was that Greek students that are already diagnosed by paper-and-pencil tests as dyscalculic, will present lower performance and higher time latencies in the tasks of the aforementioned web application screener. A total of sixty, right handed children (30 male and 30 female, age range 8–11 years old) participated in this study. The students with disorders in mathematics (N=30, 15 male and 15 female) had a statement of dyscalculia issued after assessment at a Centre of Diagnosis, Assessment and Support, as required by Greek Law. The comparison group (N=30) was formed by pupils who attended the same classes with dyscalculics, presented typical academic performance according to their teachers' ratings and had been matched for age and gender with the children with disorder in mathematics. Three tasks were used for evaluating children's arithmetic ability: a calculation task, a task that evaluated their skills in understanding mathematical terminology, and an arithmetic problem solving task. Statistical analysis revealed that children with dyscalculia had statistically significant lower mean scores of correct answers and larger time latencies in all tasks compared to their average peers that participated in the comparison group. In conclusion, it must be highlighted that the web application screener for dyscalculia used in this study was found to be a feasible instrument for first-pass screening services and referral.
In this study we used the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure to examine the visuomotor organization of... more In this study we used the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure to examine the visuomotor organization of 514 boys and girls, aged 5.5 to 20.5 yr. All were left-handed as judged by the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. Statistical evaluation showed significant differences in the visuomotor organization for boys and girls across the various age groups. Statistically significant differences also appeared between the two sexes at the age groups 7.5 to 8.5 and 8.5 to 9.5, with girls showing better organization than boys.
The various intuitive reasoning types in many cases comprise the core of students’ misconceptions... more The various intuitive reasoning types in many cases comprise the core of students’ misconceptions about concepts, procedures and phenomena that pertain to natural sciences. Some researchers support the existence of a relatively closer connection between the right hemisphere and intuitive thought, mainly due to a notably closer relation of individual intuitive cognitive processes with specific right hemisphere regions. It has been suggested that individuals show a different preference in making use of each hemisphere’s cognitive capacity, a tendency which has been termed Hemisphericity or Hemisphere Preference. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between hemispheric preference and students’ misconceptions. A correlational explanatory research approach was implemented involving 100 seventh grade students from a public secondary school. Participants completed a hemispheric preference test and a misconceptions documentation tool. The results revealed that the...
The Challenges of the Digital Transformation in Education, 2019
Dyslexia is the most common learning disability and it is characterized by a persistent failure t... more Dyslexia is the most common learning disability and it is characterized by a persistent failure to acquire reading skills despite normal intelligence, adequate cognitive abilities, conventional instruction and sociocultural opportunities. The main target of the present study was to extend our previous dyslexia screener web application by constructing and embedding new tasks. An extended battery of tests was implemented, which included sentence comprehension, auditory working memory, syllable composition and word explanation skills. Moreover, another aim of the study was to incorporate these tests into our existing web application. Statistical analysis revealed that dyslexic children presented lower correct responses (p < 0.01) and larger time latency (p < 0.05) in comparison to their average peers in all four tasks of the web application. Additionally, the main purpose of delivering a screening procedure via internet is that the users are doing something useful while perceiving that they are “playing a game”. The present study does not replace a seven task battery of tests with a four task one. One the contrary, it enriches an already used seven task battery with four more tests in order to design a more complete dyslexia web application screener.
According to DSM 5, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive, uncontrolla... more According to DSM 5, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about various topics that occupies the majority of the subject’s time for a period of at least six months. The aforementioned state causes distress and/or functional impairments. This paper presents the outcomes of a pilot study that evaluated the implementation of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and CBT with an SSRIs intervention program. The participants comprised 16 children and adolescents with GAD (8 males and 8 females) matched with 16 typically developing peers (8 males and 8 females) aged from 10 to 16 years old (M = 12.56 SD = 2.18). Baseline assessment consisted of event related potentials (ERPs), which indicated that participants with GAD presented cognitive deficits in attention and memory, as they exhibited longer P300 latencies. Following treatment with the CBT program and/or medication, children and adolescents with GAD did not present statistically significan...
International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP), 2017
Traditional definitions of Developmental Dyscalculia state that a child must substantially undera... more Traditional definitions of Developmental Dyscalculia state that a child must substantially underachieve on mathematical abilities tests relative to the level expected given age, education and intelligence. However, cognitive developmental neuropsychological studies nowadays suggest that not only core numerical but also cognitive skills of children with developmental dyscalculia present deficits. The main aim of the research protocol was to construct a battery of six tests that can be delivered by computer in order to screen children’s arithmetic and cognitive skills. The hypothesis of the study was that children that are already diagnosed by paper and pencil tests as dyscalculic will present lower scores and larger time latencies not only in arithmetical but also in executive function tasks. A total of 134 right handed children (74 male and 60 female, age range 8 – 12 years) participated in this study. The students with disorders in mathematics (N= 67, 37 male and 30 female age rang...
Η προτίμηση χεριού - η οποία σχετίζεται με την εγκεφαλική κυριαρχία - θεωρείται ότι συνδέεται με ... more Η προτίμηση χεριού - η οποία σχετίζεται με την εγκεφαλική κυριαρχία - θεωρείται ότι συνδέεται με τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη. Η εργασία επιχειρεί να σκιαγραφήσει το ζήτημα της σχέσης ανάμεσα στην προτίμηση χεριού και την ανάπτυξη των γνωστικών ικανοτήτων, καθώς και στις πιθανές διακυμάνσεις αυτής της σχέσης κατά τη διάρκεια της ανάπτυξης. H σύντομη ανασκόπηση πρόσφατων μεγάλης κλίμακας ερευνών και μετα-αναλύσεων υποδεικνύει ότι οι ποικίλοι παράγοντες οι οποίοι υπεισέρχονται και επηρεάζουν τη σχέση της προτίμησης χεριού με τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη δεν επιτρέπουν την εξαγωγή ασφαλών συμπερασμάτων. Παρά ταύτα, αριστερόχειρα, δεξιόχειρα και αμφίχειρα άτομα φαίνεται να έχουν διαφορετικές δυνατότητες σε διαφορετικές περιόδους της ανάπτυξης και παρουσιάζουν ποικίλες διαφοροποιήσεις τόσο σε ειδικές, όσο και σε γενικές γνωστικές ικανότητες.
Laterality refers to humans’ tendency to prefer one side of their body instead of the other. Τhe ... more Laterality refers to humans’ tendency to prefer one side of their body instead of the other. Τhe inborn lateralization of cerebral hemispheres is most often expressed through the humans’ handedness. Therefore, one common approach to investigate the relationship between cerebral lateralization and cognition is to consider handedness as an indicator of brain laterality and to compare right- and left-handed subjects’ performance in cognitive tasks (Vlachos, 2016). The aim of this review is to summarize and evaluate recent evidence, which indicate that handedness can be regarded as a factor differentiating cognitive abilities. Many studies attempted to assess the association between brain lateralization, as indicated by handedness, and cognitive abilities. Johnston, Nicholls, Shah and Shields (2013), by using data from the US national longitudinal survey of youth found that left-handed children have significantly lower test scores than right-handed children in many domains of cognit...
Handedness is marked by the preference of one hand over another for fine motor tasks, especially ... more Handedness is marked by the preference of one hand over another for fine motor tasks, especially writing. Usually, only one hand is considered dominant; however, there are individuals who exhibit the ability to use both hands equally (mixed-handers). The aim of this study was to identify the incidence for handedness in a sample of Greek adolescents and examine possible gender differences in handedness among these adolescents and their siblings. 634 secondary school students (Mean age 13.38, SD = 1.47) who attended mainstream public schools participated in this study. All students completed the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI). Students were divided in three groups, namely right-handers (an EHI +50 to +100), mixed-handers (an EHI -49 to +49) and left-handers (an EHI -100 to -50). This process resulted in the classification of 544 adolescents (85.8%) as right-handed, 46 adolescents (7.3%) as left-handed and 44 adolescents (6.9%) as non-lateralized (ambidextrous). Contrary to previ...
Η προτίμηση χeριού - η οποία σχeτίζeται μe την eγκeφαλική κυριαρχία - θeωρeίται ότι συνδέeται μe ... more Η προτίμηση χeριού - η οποία σχeτίζeται μe την eγκeφαλική κυριαρχία - θeωρeίται ότι συνδέeται μe τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη. Η eργασία eπιχeιρeί να σκιαγραφήσeι το ζήτημα της σχέσης ανάμeσα στην προτίμηση χeριού και την ανάπτυξη των γνωστικών ικανοτήτων, καθώς και στις πιθανές διακυμάνσeις αυτής της σχέσης κατά τη διάρκeια της ανάπτυξης. H σύντομη ανασκόπηση πρόσφατων μeγάλης κλίμακας eρeυνών και μeτα-αναλύσeων υποδeικνύeι ότι οι ποικίλοι παράγοντeς οι οποίοι υπeισέρχονται και eπηρeάζουν τη σχέση της προτίμησης χeριού μe τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη δeν eπιτρέπουν την eξαγωγή ασφαλών συμπeρασμάτων. Παρά ταύτα, αριστeρόχeιρα, δeξιόχeιρα και αμφίχeιρα άτομα φαίνeται να έχουν διαφορeτικές δυνατότητeς σe διαφορeτικές πeριόδους της ανάπτυξης και παρουσιάζουν ποικίλeς διαφοροποιήσeις τόσο σe eιδικές, όσο και σe γeνικές γνωστικές ικανότητeς.
ABSTRACT The present study examined the link between learning styles and dyslexia in secondary sc... more ABSTRACT The present study examined the link between learning styles and dyslexia in secondary school students, using the Visual-Auditory-Kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles model. According to the VAK model, most people possess a dominant or preferred learning style, however some people have a mixed and evenly balanced blend of the three styles. Our hypothesis was that differences would be revealed between the dyslexic group and their peers in preferred ways to learn. A total of 43 secondary school students formed the LD group (32 boys and 11 girls) who were diagnosed with dyslexia, and attended mainstream schools. A comparison group was formed of pupils from the same class (N = 86), and matched for age and sex with dyslexics (1 dyslexic: 2 control). The self-administered VAK test used to assess participant’s predominant learning style. Although statistical significant differences between normal readers and dyslexics were not observed, there was a mixture of learning styles amongst the participants, indicating that dyslexic children use more often multimodal approaches and possibly that is the reason they usually benefit from multi- sensory methods.
The present study examined the link between learning styles and dyslexia in secondary school stud... more The present study examined the link between learning styles and dyslexia in secondary school students, using the Visual-Auditory-Kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles model. According to the VAK model, most people possess a dominant or preferred learning style, however some people have a mixed and evenly balanced blend of the three styles. Our hypothesis was that differences would be revealed between the dyslexic group and their peers in preferred ways to learn. A total of 43 secondary school students formed the LD group (32 boys and 11 girls) who were diagnosed with dyslexia, and attended mainstream schools. A comparison group was formed of pupils from the same class (N = 86), and matched for age and sex with dyslexics (1 dyslexic: 2 control). The self-administered VAK test used to assess participant’s predominant learning style. Although statistical significant differences between normal readers and dyslexics were not observed, there was a mixture of learning styles amongst the partic...
Previous studies have shown that AD patients present a stepwise regression to their cognitive fun... more Previous studies have shown that AD patients present a stepwise regression to their cognitive functioning from a mature adult to that of an infant. The present study aimed to compare Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients' and 4-10 year old children's drawing performance, taking into account that drawing is currently considered as a cognitive process and that AD manifests a severe cognitive impairment. The sample consisted of 10 AD patients and 10 adult controls, as well as of 40 children, divided into 4 age groups (4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-years old). Participants were asked to draw from memory (a) six simple objects, (b) a man, and (c) a tree behind a house. Analysis showed an improvement with age in children's drawing performance, while controls' drawing scores were similar to those obtained by older children. On the contrary, drawing performance of AD patients significantly decreased into levels under that of the 4-year old children in drawing errors, or under that of t...
2017 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 2017
Dyscalculia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the ability of a child to learn arithme... more Dyscalculia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the ability of a child to learn arithmetic. Dyscalculia appears despite normal intelligence, proper schooling, adequate environment, socioeconomic status and motivation. The first aim of the present research protocol was to construct a battery of tests that can be delivered by computer in order to screen children's arithmetic skills. Our second aim was to develop a web application screener for dyscalculia that assesses children aged from 8–11 years old and that, to the best of our knowledge, does not exist. The hypothesis of the present study was that Greek students that are already diagnosed by paper-and-pencil tests as dyscalculic, will present lower performance and higher time latencies in the tasks of the aforementioned web application screener. A total of sixty, right handed children (30 male and 30 female, age range 8–11 years old) participated in this study. The students with disorders in mathematics (N=30, 15 male and 15 female) had a statement of dyscalculia issued after assessment at a Centre of Diagnosis, Assessment and Support, as required by Greek Law. The comparison group (N=30) was formed by pupils who attended the same classes with dyscalculics, presented typical academic performance according to their teachers' ratings and had been matched for age and gender with the children with disorder in mathematics. Three tasks were used for evaluating children's arithmetic ability: a calculation task, a task that evaluated their skills in understanding mathematical terminology, and an arithmetic problem solving task. Statistical analysis revealed that children with dyscalculia had statistically significant lower mean scores of correct answers and larger time latencies in all tasks compared to their average peers that participated in the comparison group. In conclusion, it must be highlighted that the web application screener for dyscalculia used in this study was found to be a feasible instrument for first-pass screening services and referral.
In this study we used the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure to examine the visuomotor organization of... more In this study we used the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure to examine the visuomotor organization of 514 boys and girls, aged 5.5 to 20.5 yr. All were left-handed as judged by the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. Statistical evaluation showed significant differences in the visuomotor organization for boys and girls across the various age groups. Statistically significant differences also appeared between the two sexes at the age groups 7.5 to 8.5 and 8.5 to 9.5, with girls showing better organization than boys.
The various intuitive reasoning types in many cases comprise the core of students’ misconceptions... more The various intuitive reasoning types in many cases comprise the core of students’ misconceptions about concepts, procedures and phenomena that pertain to natural sciences. Some researchers support the existence of a relatively closer connection between the right hemisphere and intuitive thought, mainly due to a notably closer relation of individual intuitive cognitive processes with specific right hemisphere regions. It has been suggested that individuals show a different preference in making use of each hemisphere’s cognitive capacity, a tendency which has been termed Hemisphericity or Hemisphere Preference. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between hemispheric preference and students’ misconceptions. A correlational explanatory research approach was implemented involving 100 seventh grade students from a public secondary school. Participants completed a hemispheric preference test and a misconceptions documentation tool. The results revealed that the...
The Challenges of the Digital Transformation in Education, 2019
Dyslexia is the most common learning disability and it is characterized by a persistent failure t... more Dyslexia is the most common learning disability and it is characterized by a persistent failure to acquire reading skills despite normal intelligence, adequate cognitive abilities, conventional instruction and sociocultural opportunities. The main target of the present study was to extend our previous dyslexia screener web application by constructing and embedding new tasks. An extended battery of tests was implemented, which included sentence comprehension, auditory working memory, syllable composition and word explanation skills. Moreover, another aim of the study was to incorporate these tests into our existing web application. Statistical analysis revealed that dyslexic children presented lower correct responses (p < 0.01) and larger time latency (p < 0.05) in comparison to their average peers in all four tasks of the web application. Additionally, the main purpose of delivering a screening procedure via internet is that the users are doing something useful while perceiving that they are “playing a game”. The present study does not replace a seven task battery of tests with a four task one. One the contrary, it enriches an already used seven task battery with four more tests in order to design a more complete dyslexia web application screener.
According to DSM 5, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive, uncontrolla... more According to DSM 5, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about various topics that occupies the majority of the subject’s time for a period of at least six months. The aforementioned state causes distress and/or functional impairments. This paper presents the outcomes of a pilot study that evaluated the implementation of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and CBT with an SSRIs intervention program. The participants comprised 16 children and adolescents with GAD (8 males and 8 females) matched with 16 typically developing peers (8 males and 8 females) aged from 10 to 16 years old (M = 12.56 SD = 2.18). Baseline assessment consisted of event related potentials (ERPs), which indicated that participants with GAD presented cognitive deficits in attention and memory, as they exhibited longer P300 latencies. Following treatment with the CBT program and/or medication, children and adolescents with GAD did not present statistically significan...
International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP), 2017
Traditional definitions of Developmental Dyscalculia state that a child must substantially undera... more Traditional definitions of Developmental Dyscalculia state that a child must substantially underachieve on mathematical abilities tests relative to the level expected given age, education and intelligence. However, cognitive developmental neuropsychological studies nowadays suggest that not only core numerical but also cognitive skills of children with developmental dyscalculia present deficits. The main aim of the research protocol was to construct a battery of six tests that can be delivered by computer in order to screen children’s arithmetic and cognitive skills. The hypothesis of the study was that children that are already diagnosed by paper and pencil tests as dyscalculic will present lower scores and larger time latencies not only in arithmetical but also in executive function tasks. A total of 134 right handed children (74 male and 60 female, age range 8 – 12 years) participated in this study. The students with disorders in mathematics (N= 67, 37 male and 30 female age rang...
Η προτίμηση χεριού - η οποία σχετίζεται με την εγκεφαλική κυριαρχία - θεωρείται ότι συνδέεται με ... more Η προτίμηση χεριού - η οποία σχετίζεται με την εγκεφαλική κυριαρχία - θεωρείται ότι συνδέεται με τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη. Η εργασία επιχειρεί να σκιαγραφήσει το ζήτημα της σχέσης ανάμεσα στην προτίμηση χεριού και την ανάπτυξη των γνωστικών ικανοτήτων, καθώς και στις πιθανές διακυμάνσεις αυτής της σχέσης κατά τη διάρκεια της ανάπτυξης. H σύντομη ανασκόπηση πρόσφατων μεγάλης κλίμακας ερευνών και μετα-αναλύσεων υποδεικνύει ότι οι ποικίλοι παράγοντες οι οποίοι υπεισέρχονται και επηρεάζουν τη σχέση της προτίμησης χεριού με τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη δεν επιτρέπουν την εξαγωγή ασφαλών συμπερασμάτων. Παρά ταύτα, αριστερόχειρα, δεξιόχειρα και αμφίχειρα άτομα φαίνεται να έχουν διαφορετικές δυνατότητες σε διαφορετικές περιόδους της ανάπτυξης και παρουσιάζουν ποικίλες διαφοροποιήσεις τόσο σε ειδικές, όσο και σε γενικές γνωστικές ικανότητες.
Laterality refers to humans’ tendency to prefer one side of their body instead of the other. Τhe ... more Laterality refers to humans’ tendency to prefer one side of their body instead of the other. Τhe inborn lateralization of cerebral hemispheres is most often expressed through the humans’ handedness. Therefore, one common approach to investigate the relationship between cerebral lateralization and cognition is to consider handedness as an indicator of brain laterality and to compare right- and left-handed subjects’ performance in cognitive tasks (Vlachos, 2016). The aim of this review is to summarize and evaluate recent evidence, which indicate that handedness can be regarded as a factor differentiating cognitive abilities. Many studies attempted to assess the association between brain lateralization, as indicated by handedness, and cognitive abilities. Johnston, Nicholls, Shah and Shields (2013), by using data from the US national longitudinal survey of youth found that left-handed children have significantly lower test scores than right-handed children in many domains of cognit...
Handedness is marked by the preference of one hand over another for fine motor tasks, especially ... more Handedness is marked by the preference of one hand over another for fine motor tasks, especially writing. Usually, only one hand is considered dominant; however, there are individuals who exhibit the ability to use both hands equally (mixed-handers). The aim of this study was to identify the incidence for handedness in a sample of Greek adolescents and examine possible gender differences in handedness among these adolescents and their siblings. 634 secondary school students (Mean age 13.38, SD = 1.47) who attended mainstream public schools participated in this study. All students completed the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI). Students were divided in three groups, namely right-handers (an EHI +50 to +100), mixed-handers (an EHI -49 to +49) and left-handers (an EHI -100 to -50). This process resulted in the classification of 544 adolescents (85.8%) as right-handed, 46 adolescents (7.3%) as left-handed and 44 adolescents (6.9%) as non-lateralized (ambidextrous). Contrary to previ...
Η προτίμηση χeριού - η οποία σχeτίζeται μe την eγκeφαλική κυριαρχία - θeωρeίται ότι συνδέeται μe ... more Η προτίμηση χeριού - η οποία σχeτίζeται μe την eγκeφαλική κυριαρχία - θeωρeίται ότι συνδέeται μe τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη. Η eργασία eπιχeιρeί να σκιαγραφήσeι το ζήτημα της σχέσης ανάμeσα στην προτίμηση χeριού και την ανάπτυξη των γνωστικών ικανοτήτων, καθώς και στις πιθανές διακυμάνσeις αυτής της σχέσης κατά τη διάρκeια της ανάπτυξης. H σύντομη ανασκόπηση πρόσφατων μeγάλης κλίμακας eρeυνών και μeτα-αναλύσeων υποδeικνύeι ότι οι ποικίλοι παράγοντeς οι οποίοι υπeισέρχονται και eπηρeάζουν τη σχέση της προτίμησης χeριού μe τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη δeν eπιτρέπουν την eξαγωγή ασφαλών συμπeρασμάτων. Παρά ταύτα, αριστeρόχeιρα, δeξιόχeιρα και αμφίχeιρα άτομα φαίνeται να έχουν διαφορeτικές δυνατότητeς σe διαφορeτικές πeριόδους της ανάπτυξης και παρουσιάζουν ποικίλeς διαφοροποιήσeις τόσο σe eιδικές, όσο και σe γeνικές γνωστικές ικανότητeς.
ABSTRACT The present study examined the link between learning styles and dyslexia in secondary sc... more ABSTRACT The present study examined the link between learning styles and dyslexia in secondary school students, using the Visual-Auditory-Kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles model. According to the VAK model, most people possess a dominant or preferred learning style, however some people have a mixed and evenly balanced blend of the three styles. Our hypothesis was that differences would be revealed between the dyslexic group and their peers in preferred ways to learn. A total of 43 secondary school students formed the LD group (32 boys and 11 girls) who were diagnosed with dyslexia, and attended mainstream schools. A comparison group was formed of pupils from the same class (N = 86), and matched for age and sex with dyslexics (1 dyslexic: 2 control). The self-administered VAK test used to assess participant’s predominant learning style. Although statistical significant differences between normal readers and dyslexics were not observed, there was a mixture of learning styles amongst the participants, indicating that dyslexic children use more often multimodal approaches and possibly that is the reason they usually benefit from multi- sensory methods.
The present study examined the link between learning styles and dyslexia in secondary school stud... more The present study examined the link between learning styles and dyslexia in secondary school students, using the Visual-Auditory-Kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles model. According to the VAK model, most people possess a dominant or preferred learning style, however some people have a mixed and evenly balanced blend of the three styles. Our hypothesis was that differences would be revealed between the dyslexic group and their peers in preferred ways to learn. A total of 43 secondary school students formed the LD group (32 boys and 11 girls) who were diagnosed with dyslexia, and attended mainstream schools. A comparison group was formed of pupils from the same class (N = 86), and matched for age and sex with dyslexics (1 dyslexic: 2 control). The self-administered VAK test used to assess participant’s predominant learning style. Although statistical significant differences between normal readers and dyslexics were not observed, there was a mixture of learning styles amongst the partic...
Previous studies have shown that AD patients present a stepwise regression to their cognitive fun... more Previous studies have shown that AD patients present a stepwise regression to their cognitive functioning from a mature adult to that of an infant. The present study aimed to compare Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients' and 4-10 year old children's drawing performance, taking into account that drawing is currently considered as a cognitive process and that AD manifests a severe cognitive impairment. The sample consisted of 10 AD patients and 10 adult controls, as well as of 40 children, divided into 4 age groups (4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-years old). Participants were asked to draw from memory (a) six simple objects, (b) a man, and (c) a tree behind a house. Analysis showed an improvement with age in children's drawing performance, while controls' drawing scores were similar to those obtained by older children. On the contrary, drawing performance of AD patients significantly decreased into levels under that of the 4-year old children in drawing errors, or under that of t...
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