This paper provides a logical analysis of the avoidance of wishful thinking based on conflict res... more This paper provides a logical analysis of the avoidance of wishful thinking based on conflict resolutions between informational and motivational attitudes such as beliefs and desires. Several desiderata for conflict resolutions are introduced, discussed and tested in a rule-based logic. The results suggest that Reiter’s default logic is too strong, in the sense that a weaker notion of maximality of extensions is needed to satisfy the desiderata. RÉSUMÉ. A définir par la commande \resume{...}
We assume that an agent is not responsible for rule-induced extensions of its theory about the wo... more We assume that an agent is not responsible for rule-induced extensions of its theory about the world; responsibility requires the presence of a choice. This supports the attractive conclusion that responsibility for rule-based agents can only arise when the agent faces a “dilemma” regarding how to apply the rules. Default logic offers precise formulations of this intuition. However, it turns out that existing definitions force us to recognise too many dilemmas when reasoning about rules. Specifically, not all moral conflicts are moral dilemmas; the crucial element of choice is sometimes missing. To address this, we first present a refined definition for normal default theories, before going on to present a generalisation that applies to abstract argumentation frameworks.
This paper studies the logic of modalities for motivational attitudes (desires, obligations, wish... more This paper studies the logic of modalities for motivational attitudes (desires, obligations, wishes, wants, intentions, etc.) that come with a deadline condition. For instance, an agent may want to get home before it starts raining. We use a ‘reduction approach’ from deontic logic to characterize two separate semantic definitions for these motivational modalities in CTL. The main advantage of applying reductions is that the formal reasoning can be performed entirely in CTL. We claim that the reduction approach applies to any motivational modality.
The central axiom of stit theory is independence of agency. This axiom states that simultaneous c... more The central axiom of stit theory is independence of agency. This axiom states that simultaneous choices of different agents are independent in the sense that a choice of one agent cannot impair the choice making capacity of other agents. The axiom of independence can then be said to express freedom of choice.1 But freedom of choice is different from freedom of will or freedom of action. In this paper we will suggest how to formally study the differences between freedom of choice, freedom of will and freedom of action. To do so, we will extend stit theory with agent specific epistemic operators thereby introducing the subjective viewpoint into logics for agency. We argue that only by introducing this subjective viewpoint we can formalize free will choice and the distinctions between choosing, acting and failing.
Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment
This paper proposes a Player Age (PA) model with the potential to be generalized to many differen... more This paper proposes a Player Age (PA) model with the potential to be generalized to many different games. The model offers insight into the relationship between age and play style. Game developers can use the PA model to gain a better understanding of their target audience, and to optimize adaptive game features (i.e., AI, targeted marketing). In order to become generically applicable, the PA model is based on the literature on life-span developments in physiology and psychology. The PA model states that player age is a linear function of four factors: Speed of Play (-), Performance (-), Preference (+/-), and Time Played (+/-). The model is validated on a data set from Battlefield 3 (FPS). It explains 33.7% of the variance in age (range: 12-65 years) with a standard error of 6.743. To determine the generic quality of the PA model, future work will validate it on games of other genres.
In this chapter, we first provide a general introduction to the research area methodology and rel... more In this chapter, we first provide a general introduction to the research area methodology and relevance, then we discuss normative reasoning for multiagent systems, and finally we discuss current research challenges. We cover the main issues in modern deontic logic, which is much broader than the traditional modal logic framework of deontic logic, with an emphasis to our in- tended audience. To emphasize this broadness, we typically refer to "deontic logic and normative systems" rather than deontic logic only.
This paper provides a logical analysis of conicts betweeninformational, motivational and delibera... more This paper provides a logical analysis of conicts betweeninformational, motivational and deliberative attitudes such as beliefs, obligations, intentions, and desires. The contributions are twofold. First, conict resolutions are classied based on agent types, and formalized inan extension of Reiter's normal default logic. Second, several desideratafor conict resolutions are introduced, discussed and tested on the logic.
This paper provides a logical analysis of the avoidance of wishful thinking based on conflict res... more This paper provides a logical analysis of the avoidance of wishful thinking based on conflict resolutions between informational and motivational attitudes such as beliefs and desires. Several desiderata for conflict resolutions are introduced, discussed and tested in a rule-based logic. The results suggest that Reiter’s default logic is too strong, in the sense that a weaker notion of maximality of extensions is needed to satisfy the desiderata. RÉSUMÉ. A définir par la commande \resume{...}
We assume that an agent is not responsible for rule-induced extensions of its theory about the wo... more We assume that an agent is not responsible for rule-induced extensions of its theory about the world; responsibility requires the presence of a choice. This supports the attractive conclusion that responsibility for rule-based agents can only arise when the agent faces a “dilemma” regarding how to apply the rules. Default logic offers precise formulations of this intuition. However, it turns out that existing definitions force us to recognise too many dilemmas when reasoning about rules. Specifically, not all moral conflicts are moral dilemmas; the crucial element of choice is sometimes missing. To address this, we first present a refined definition for normal default theories, before going on to present a generalisation that applies to abstract argumentation frameworks.
This paper studies the logic of modalities for motivational attitudes (desires, obligations, wish... more This paper studies the logic of modalities for motivational attitudes (desires, obligations, wishes, wants, intentions, etc.) that come with a deadline condition. For instance, an agent may want to get home before it starts raining. We use a ‘reduction approach’ from deontic logic to characterize two separate semantic definitions for these motivational modalities in CTL. The main advantage of applying reductions is that the formal reasoning can be performed entirely in CTL. We claim that the reduction approach applies to any motivational modality.
The central axiom of stit theory is independence of agency. This axiom states that simultaneous c... more The central axiom of stit theory is independence of agency. This axiom states that simultaneous choices of different agents are independent in the sense that a choice of one agent cannot impair the choice making capacity of other agents. The axiom of independence can then be said to express freedom of choice.1 But freedom of choice is different from freedom of will or freedom of action. In this paper we will suggest how to formally study the differences between freedom of choice, freedom of will and freedom of action. To do so, we will extend stit theory with agent specific epistemic operators thereby introducing the subjective viewpoint into logics for agency. We argue that only by introducing this subjective viewpoint we can formalize free will choice and the distinctions between choosing, acting and failing.
Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment
This paper proposes a Player Age (PA) model with the potential to be generalized to many differen... more This paper proposes a Player Age (PA) model with the potential to be generalized to many different games. The model offers insight into the relationship between age and play style. Game developers can use the PA model to gain a better understanding of their target audience, and to optimize adaptive game features (i.e., AI, targeted marketing). In order to become generically applicable, the PA model is based on the literature on life-span developments in physiology and psychology. The PA model states that player age is a linear function of four factors: Speed of Play (-), Performance (-), Preference (+/-), and Time Played (+/-). The model is validated on a data set from Battlefield 3 (FPS). It explains 33.7% of the variance in age (range: 12-65 years) with a standard error of 6.743. To determine the generic quality of the PA model, future work will validate it on games of other genres.
In this chapter, we first provide a general introduction to the research area methodology and rel... more In this chapter, we first provide a general introduction to the research area methodology and relevance, then we discuss normative reasoning for multiagent systems, and finally we discuss current research challenges. We cover the main issues in modern deontic logic, which is much broader than the traditional modal logic framework of deontic logic, with an emphasis to our in- tended audience. To emphasize this broadness, we typically refer to "deontic logic and normative systems" rather than deontic logic only.
This paper provides a logical analysis of conicts betweeninformational, motivational and delibera... more This paper provides a logical analysis of conicts betweeninformational, motivational and deliberative attitudes such as beliefs, obligations, intentions, and desires. The contributions are twofold. First, conict resolutions are classied based on agent types, and formalized inan extension of Reiter's normal default logic. Second, several desideratafor conict resolutions are introduced, discussed and tested on the logic.
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Papers by Jan Broersen