Johanim Johari is an Associate Professor of Human Resource Management at School of Business Management, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM). She has published mainly in the areas of human resource management practices, job performance, job characteristics, employee wellbeing, safety management practices, and safety behaviour. She serves as an Editor-in-Chief for International Journal of Management Studies, a refereed journal published by UUM publisher. Her research interests focus on human resource management, safety behaviour, organizational behaviour, particularly employee job performance. Her most recent work centres on leadership competencies, employment in gig economy, and flexible work arrangement. She earned a Doctoral Degree from Universiti Utara Malaysia, Master of Science Degree in Human Resource Development from Universiti Putra Malaysia, and Bachelor of Science Degree in Management from Arizona State University.
Intention to return to work is based on employees' perception of the likelihood or the probab... more Intention to return to work is based on employees' perception of the likelihood or the probability of going back to work after a prolonged illness caused by work-related injuries or other illnesses. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study proposes that employees' attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control will influence their intention to return to work. Data were gathered through a questionnaire administered to 160 SOCSO's insured persons, located all over Malaysia. Using the partial least squares (PLS) analysis method, we found that attitude and subjective norms have positively influenced intention to return to work among respondents. Perceived behavioural control however, has a non-significant impact on respondents' intention to return to work. The study offers plausible explanations for the results and discusses the theoretical and practical ramifications of the results.
This study was conducted to identify factors influencing loyalty towards organization among exemp... more This study was conducted to identify factors influencing loyalty towards organization among exempt and non-exempt employees in the government sector. Factors examined are management support, career development, job security, training and development, and compensation. Data collected through self-administered questionnaires, whereby 356 sets were distributed and 349 sets (98.03%) were analyzed. Pearson Correlation and Multiple Regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Findings indicate that all factors examined have positive correlation with the loyalty among employees. Regression analysis showed that management support, job security, and training and development have influenced on the level of loyalty among employees towards organization. Therefore, it is crucial for the top management to take into account these factors in improving loyalty among employees.
The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of work engagement on academicians' lea... more The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of work engagement on academicians' learning goal orientation. This is a cross-sectional study, where data were collected through questionnaire from a sample of academicians (n = 265) attached to Malaysian public universities. The regression results indicated that work engagement is the key factor that influences academicians' learning goal orientation. From the findings obtained, the proposed relationship is substantially validated. The findings do not only benefit academicians in particular, from the aspect of their engagement and learning goal orientation, but also Malaysian public universities, in general, from the aspect of the enrichment of university's performance. This study includes a detailed discussion of the research findings as well as the theoretical and practical ramifications of this study.
Organizational culture, work values and religion play a vital role in shaping and controlling emp... more Organizational culture, work values and religion play a vital role in shaping and controlling employees’ behavior and perception of corruption. This paper examines the relationship between organizational culture, work values, religion and corruption censure in a public organization setting.The instruments used to evaluate the variables are taken from various sources.Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to Gen Y respondents in nine public organizations. A total of 160 questionnaires were distributed to Gen Y employees who are currently serving at public organizations in Kedah.A total of 117 questionnaires were returned and used for further analysis.Data was analyzed using SMART PLS to investigate the relationship between the variables.Organizational culture and work values indicate a positive influence on corruption censure while religiosity does not have an effect on corruption censure.
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on the Future of ASEAN (ICoFA) 2017 - Volume 1, 2019
Employee retention is one of the key issues in many organizations. The inability to retain employ... more Employee retention is one of the key issues in many organizations. The inability to retain employees can cost the organization financially and nonfinancially. Although employee retention has been widely investigated, less attention is given to the manufacturing sector. Such neglect is unfortunate because the manufacturing sector in Malaysia is reported to experience between 18% and 20% annual human capital turnover rates. This chapter argues that despite having limited resources to formulate a holistic mechanism to retain employees, concern for employee retention should not be ignored. Against this backdrop, this chapter proposes a model that hypothesizes the role of management practices in promoting employee retention initiatives.
Actual turnover has become one of the most important constructs in organisations. In recent time ... more Actual turnover has become one of the most important constructs in organisations. In recent time the visible effects of this phenomenon among faculty members has been widely captured in the Nigerian media. Some of the effects included decline in the quality assurance of the faculty members and students, increased staff shortages, higher burden, and excessive workload, among other factors. Empirically speaking, however, only but a few have attempted to measure the relationship between career advancement opportunity, frustration, perceived alternative job opportunities and actual turnover behaviour. The few, if any, found conflicting findings. Thus, this paper proposes direct and interaction relationships between the designated variables of interest.
International Review of Management and Marketing, 2016
Underpinned by the Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions, this study posited that high le... more Underpinned by the Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions, this study posited that high level of work engagement will encourage academicians’ innovative work behavior through learning goal orientation. The mediating role of learning goal orientation in the work engagement and innovative work behavior relationship was also examined. Data were gathered through questionnaire survey completed by 265 academic staff from six public universities located in the northern and central regions of Peninsular Malaysia. The results indicated that academic staff members who are highly engaged at work would be more likely to exhibit a higher level of learning goal orientation, which ultimately tend to engage in innovative work behavior. Discussions enlighten learning goal orientation as a significant mediator in explicating the work engagement and innovative work behavior link, which provided full support to the underlying theory. Finally, practical ramifications and limitations of this study...
This study suggests that Consideration of Future Safety Consequences (CFSC) would moderate the re... more This study suggests that Consideration of Future Safety Consequences (CFSC) would moderate the relationship between safety promotion policies, management commitment and safety rules and procedures on nurse’s safety performance. Using Social Exchange Theory (SET) and Construal Level Theory (CLT), data was obtained among 229 nurses from Abuja secondary health facilities, Nigeria. Results from partial least squares analysis shows that management commitment positively relates to safety compliance and safety participation and safety promotion policies positively relates to safety participation. Conversely, the relationship between safety promotion policies and safety compliance was not established in this study. Likewise the relationship between safety rules and both safety compliance and participation were not supported. Additionally, CFSC moderates the relationships between safety rules and procedures and nurses safety participation. This study offers empirical evidence in the support ...
International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 2021
PurposeThe objective of this study is to examine the predicting role of Machiavellianism, locus o... more PurposeThe objective of this study is to examine the predicting role of Machiavellianism, locus of control and moral identity on ethical leadership. This study also assessed the moderating role of ethical role modelling in the linkage between Machiavellianism, locus of control, moral identity and ethical leadership.Design/methodology/approachA total of 202 public service leaders in Malaysia participated in the study. A quantitative study was conducted and structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses.FindingsMoral identity poses a substantial influence on ethical leadership. Ethical role modelling is a significant moderator in the association between moral identity and ethical leadership.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to the social learning theory by assessing Machiavellianism, locus of control and moral identity as the predictors of ethical leadership among public service leaders in Malaysia. Future study can be further extended to both mana...
Organisational structure has been assessed with various different scales resulting in inconsisten... more Organisational structure has been assessed with various different scales resulting in inconsistencies in the measures of this construct. Hence, a re-conceptualisation of the organisational structure construct is crucial due to the fact that researchers have thus far provided inconclusive agreement on what dimensions should be included in measuring organisational structure, although many studies have conceptualized organisational structure as a multidimensional construct. This study att empted to examine the psychometric properties of the organisational structure construct by integrating four subscales – decision making, hierarchy of authority, job codification, and rule observation. A priori proposition was made that organisational structure measurement could be explained by four of the hypothesised dimensions. SPSS version 12 and AMOS 4 were used to analyse the data. Findings supported the hypothesis that organisational structure can be measured by the four aforementioned subscales...
The number of Malaysian senior citizens is expected to rise to 2.71 million by the year 2020. Mal... more The number of Malaysian senior citizens is expected to rise to 2.71 million by the year 2020. Malaysia will then become an ageing society, which includes the government retirees who have reached their mandatory retirement age of 60 years old. This study intends to examine knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs) of the government retirees in Malaysia and to identify the opportunities for the retirees to transfer their KSAOs for the national development. To elicit findings, a total of 1,609 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. The results indicated that most of the retirees had acquired vast KSAOs throughout their years of service, especially in the areas related to their tasks and responsibilities. It is therefore of paramount importance for the government and non-government bodies to develop appropriate means for these retirees to use their KSAOs. Several policy guidelines such as programs and activities can be undertaken by the relevant bodi...
International Journal of Public Sector Management, 2019
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the structural relationships between the job itse... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the structural relationships between the job itself (i.e. job characteristics), employee well-being and job performance in light of the new administrative reform called the Government Transformation Program in Malaysia that stresses on measurable performance outputs. Design/methodology/approach A total of 208 public sector employees from various public agencies and departments in the northern region of Peninsular Malaysia were surveyed. Some of the agencies that took part in the study include state departments, the fishery department, agriculture-related agencies and the rural development agency. Findings The authors observed that feedback positively influenced employee well-being, which served as a significant mediator in the relationship between feedback and job performance. The results indicated that 26.4 percent of the variance that explained employee well-being was accounted for by the different characteristics of a job. The autho...
Intention to return to work is based on employees' perception of the likelihood or the probab... more Intention to return to work is based on employees' perception of the likelihood or the probability of going back to work after a prolonged illness caused by work-related injuries or other illnesses. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study proposes that employees' attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control will influence their intention to return to work. Data were gathered through a questionnaire administered to 160 SOCSO's insured persons, located all over Malaysia. Using the partial least squares (PLS) analysis method, we found that attitude and subjective norms have positively influenced intention to return to work among respondents. Perceived behavioural control however, has a non-significant impact on respondents' intention to return to work. The study offers plausible explanations for the results and discusses the theoretical and practical ramifications of the results.
This study was conducted to identify factors influencing loyalty towards organization among exemp... more This study was conducted to identify factors influencing loyalty towards organization among exempt and non-exempt employees in the government sector. Factors examined are management support, career development, job security, training and development, and compensation. Data collected through self-administered questionnaires, whereby 356 sets were distributed and 349 sets (98.03%) were analyzed. Pearson Correlation and Multiple Regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Findings indicate that all factors examined have positive correlation with the loyalty among employees. Regression analysis showed that management support, job security, and training and development have influenced on the level of loyalty among employees towards organization. Therefore, it is crucial for the top management to take into account these factors in improving loyalty among employees.
The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of work engagement on academicians' lea... more The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of work engagement on academicians' learning goal orientation. This is a cross-sectional study, where data were collected through questionnaire from a sample of academicians (n = 265) attached to Malaysian public universities. The regression results indicated that work engagement is the key factor that influences academicians' learning goal orientation. From the findings obtained, the proposed relationship is substantially validated. The findings do not only benefit academicians in particular, from the aspect of their engagement and learning goal orientation, but also Malaysian public universities, in general, from the aspect of the enrichment of university's performance. This study includes a detailed discussion of the research findings as well as the theoretical and practical ramifications of this study.
Organizational culture, work values and religion play a vital role in shaping and controlling emp... more Organizational culture, work values and religion play a vital role in shaping and controlling employees’ behavior and perception of corruption. This paper examines the relationship between organizational culture, work values, religion and corruption censure in a public organization setting.The instruments used to evaluate the variables are taken from various sources.Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to Gen Y respondents in nine public organizations. A total of 160 questionnaires were distributed to Gen Y employees who are currently serving at public organizations in Kedah.A total of 117 questionnaires were returned and used for further analysis.Data was analyzed using SMART PLS to investigate the relationship between the variables.Organizational culture and work values indicate a positive influence on corruption censure while religiosity does not have an effect on corruption censure.
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on the Future of ASEAN (ICoFA) 2017 - Volume 1, 2019
Employee retention is one of the key issues in many organizations. The inability to retain employ... more Employee retention is one of the key issues in many organizations. The inability to retain employees can cost the organization financially and nonfinancially. Although employee retention has been widely investigated, less attention is given to the manufacturing sector. Such neglect is unfortunate because the manufacturing sector in Malaysia is reported to experience between 18% and 20% annual human capital turnover rates. This chapter argues that despite having limited resources to formulate a holistic mechanism to retain employees, concern for employee retention should not be ignored. Against this backdrop, this chapter proposes a model that hypothesizes the role of management practices in promoting employee retention initiatives.
Actual turnover has become one of the most important constructs in organisations. In recent time ... more Actual turnover has become one of the most important constructs in organisations. In recent time the visible effects of this phenomenon among faculty members has been widely captured in the Nigerian media. Some of the effects included decline in the quality assurance of the faculty members and students, increased staff shortages, higher burden, and excessive workload, among other factors. Empirically speaking, however, only but a few have attempted to measure the relationship between career advancement opportunity, frustration, perceived alternative job opportunities and actual turnover behaviour. The few, if any, found conflicting findings. Thus, this paper proposes direct and interaction relationships between the designated variables of interest.
International Review of Management and Marketing, 2016
Underpinned by the Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions, this study posited that high le... more Underpinned by the Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions, this study posited that high level of work engagement will encourage academicians’ innovative work behavior through learning goal orientation. The mediating role of learning goal orientation in the work engagement and innovative work behavior relationship was also examined. Data were gathered through questionnaire survey completed by 265 academic staff from six public universities located in the northern and central regions of Peninsular Malaysia. The results indicated that academic staff members who are highly engaged at work would be more likely to exhibit a higher level of learning goal orientation, which ultimately tend to engage in innovative work behavior. Discussions enlighten learning goal orientation as a significant mediator in explicating the work engagement and innovative work behavior link, which provided full support to the underlying theory. Finally, practical ramifications and limitations of this study...
This study suggests that Consideration of Future Safety Consequences (CFSC) would moderate the re... more This study suggests that Consideration of Future Safety Consequences (CFSC) would moderate the relationship between safety promotion policies, management commitment and safety rules and procedures on nurse’s safety performance. Using Social Exchange Theory (SET) and Construal Level Theory (CLT), data was obtained among 229 nurses from Abuja secondary health facilities, Nigeria. Results from partial least squares analysis shows that management commitment positively relates to safety compliance and safety participation and safety promotion policies positively relates to safety participation. Conversely, the relationship between safety promotion policies and safety compliance was not established in this study. Likewise the relationship between safety rules and both safety compliance and participation were not supported. Additionally, CFSC moderates the relationships between safety rules and procedures and nurses safety participation. This study offers empirical evidence in the support ...
International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 2021
PurposeThe objective of this study is to examine the predicting role of Machiavellianism, locus o... more PurposeThe objective of this study is to examine the predicting role of Machiavellianism, locus of control and moral identity on ethical leadership. This study also assessed the moderating role of ethical role modelling in the linkage between Machiavellianism, locus of control, moral identity and ethical leadership.Design/methodology/approachA total of 202 public service leaders in Malaysia participated in the study. A quantitative study was conducted and structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses.FindingsMoral identity poses a substantial influence on ethical leadership. Ethical role modelling is a significant moderator in the association between moral identity and ethical leadership.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to the social learning theory by assessing Machiavellianism, locus of control and moral identity as the predictors of ethical leadership among public service leaders in Malaysia. Future study can be further extended to both mana...
Organisational structure has been assessed with various different scales resulting in inconsisten... more Organisational structure has been assessed with various different scales resulting in inconsistencies in the measures of this construct. Hence, a re-conceptualisation of the organisational structure construct is crucial due to the fact that researchers have thus far provided inconclusive agreement on what dimensions should be included in measuring organisational structure, although many studies have conceptualized organisational structure as a multidimensional construct. This study att empted to examine the psychometric properties of the organisational structure construct by integrating four subscales – decision making, hierarchy of authority, job codification, and rule observation. A priori proposition was made that organisational structure measurement could be explained by four of the hypothesised dimensions. SPSS version 12 and AMOS 4 were used to analyse the data. Findings supported the hypothesis that organisational structure can be measured by the four aforementioned subscales...
The number of Malaysian senior citizens is expected to rise to 2.71 million by the year 2020. Mal... more The number of Malaysian senior citizens is expected to rise to 2.71 million by the year 2020. Malaysia will then become an ageing society, which includes the government retirees who have reached their mandatory retirement age of 60 years old. This study intends to examine knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs) of the government retirees in Malaysia and to identify the opportunities for the retirees to transfer their KSAOs for the national development. To elicit findings, a total of 1,609 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. The results indicated that most of the retirees had acquired vast KSAOs throughout their years of service, especially in the areas related to their tasks and responsibilities. It is therefore of paramount importance for the government and non-government bodies to develop appropriate means for these retirees to use their KSAOs. Several policy guidelines such as programs and activities can be undertaken by the relevant bodi...
International Journal of Public Sector Management, 2019
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the structural relationships between the job itse... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the structural relationships between the job itself (i.e. job characteristics), employee well-being and job performance in light of the new administrative reform called the Government Transformation Program in Malaysia that stresses on measurable performance outputs. Design/methodology/approach A total of 208 public sector employees from various public agencies and departments in the northern region of Peninsular Malaysia were surveyed. Some of the agencies that took part in the study include state departments, the fishery department, agriculture-related agencies and the rural development agency. Findings The authors observed that feedback positively influenced employee well-being, which served as a significant mediator in the relationship between feedback and job performance. The results indicated that 26.4 percent of the variance that explained employee well-being was accounted for by the different characteristics of a job. The autho...
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