misinformation and as a disruptor of training previously delivered in tightly packed libraries an... more misinformation and as a disruptor of training previously delivered in tightly packed libraries and classrooms. These Ukrainian programs demonstrate the potential for fighting fake news and other misinformation on a scale far beyond what could be accomplished by individual libraries acting alone.
Proceedings of the Annual Conference of CAIS / Actes du congrès annuel de l'ACSI
The grassroots Ukrainian organization, StopFake.org,performs the information work of combatting R... more The grassroots Ukrainian organization, StopFake.org,performs the information work of combatting Russiangenerateddisinformation. The Internet allows anetwork of supporters scattered around the world toevaluate, and undercut, claims made in Russianpropaganda. This case illustrates that virtual internetcommunities can distribute work that once required acentralized, well-financed team.L’organisation populaire ukrainienne, StopFake.org,effectue le travail informationnel de lutter contre ladésinformation générée par la Russie. L’Internetpermet à un réseau de sympathisants éparpillés depar le monde d’évaluer et d’atténuer les allégationsformulées par la propagande russe. Ce cas illustre lefait que des communautés virtuelles reliées parInternet peuvent distribuer le travail qui nécessitaitautrefois une équipe centralisée et bien financée.
When faced with a state-sponsored fake news campaign propagated over social media, in a process w... more When faced with a state-sponsored fake news campaign propagated over social media, in a process we dub " peer-to-peer propaganda, " a group of volunteer Ukrainian journalistic activists turned fact checking into a counter-propaganda weapon. We document the history of StopFake, describe its work practices, and situate them within the literatures on fact checking and online news practices. Our study of its work practices shows that StopFake employs the online media monitoring characteristic of modern journalism, but rather than imitating new stories it applies media literacy techniques to screen out fake news and inhibit its spread. StopFake evaluates news stories for signs of falsified evidence, such as manipulated or misrepresented images and quotes, whereas traditional fact checking sites evaluate nuanced political claims but assume the accuracy of reporting. Drawing on work from science studies, we argue that attention of this kind to social processes demonstrates that scholars can acknowledge that narratives are socially constructed without having to treat all narratives as interchangeable. Acknowledgements:
Ukraine, the second most populous of the former Soviet republics, had been named as one of the te... more Ukraine, the second most populous of the former Soviet republics, had been named as one of the ten "priority countries" with "unacceptable piracy rates." Kiev's open-air Petrovka Market has become a symbol for the blatant distribution of pirated books, films, music, and software. As living standards and disposable incomes have risen dramatically in recent years, Ukrainians are turning increasingly toward
Journal of Studies in International Education, 2009
It is easier to introduce international content and components into a curriculum than to internat... more It is easier to introduce international content and components into a curriculum than to internationalise the curriculum itself. Learners find it easier to deal with international material embedded in a traditional curriculum but harder to accommodate to a curricu-lum constructed on ...
This study examines profiles of online and face-to-face students in a single information science ... more This study examines profiles of online and face-to-face students in a single information science school: the University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee School of Information Studies. A questionnaire was administered to 76 students enrolled in online course sections and 72 students enrolled in face-to-face course sections. The questionnaire examined student capabilities in four areas associated with success in distance education. These are: basic communication skills and access to the Internet, motivational styles, preferences for individual vs. group work, time management issues, and attitudes toward online education. Online students were more comfortable than face-to-face students communicating electronically, had better access to the Internet, and reported better typing skills. Face-to-face students reported themselves to be more reliant on class participation to stimulate their interest in a class, and were more favorably disposed to group exercises. Online students were very much more likely than face-to-face students within the same institution and degree program to believe that online education was of comparable quality to face-to-face education.
Benedict Anderson’s ‘‘Imagined Communities,’’ with their stress on
the role of print languages in... more Benedict Anderson’s ‘‘Imagined Communities,’’ with their stress on the role of print languages in the creation of national identities, provide a framework to examine the role of libraries and library professionals in building Ukrainian identities. Since independence in 1991, Ukrainian is in the unusual position of being both the sole official national language and a minority tongue. The author sketches initial findings in three areas: the role of national and research libraries in constructing a print corpus in national languages, language choice for public library website provision, and language use in library and information science education and professional discourse.
‘High quality’ might seem an obvious requirement for any piece of software,
but do the different ... more ‘High quality’ might seem an obvious requirement for any piece of software, but do the different stakeholder groups involved in its production and use conceptualize this requirement in the same way? Many existing models refine the broad concept of quality into a number of well-defined and measurable attributes related to the software product itself and the development process which produced it. But despite growing awareness of the importance of achieving cultural alignment between holders of different business and IT groups, little attempt has been made to empirically examine the requirements for software quality held by different groups involved in the development process. We conducted a survey of more than 300 current and recently graduated students of one of the leading Executive MBA programs in the United States, asking them to rate the importance of each of 13 widely-cited attributes related to software quality. The results showed business role-related differences in some specific areas and agreement in many others. The results suggest that a strong shared culture may be able to bridge the gulf created between holders of IT and business stakeholder roles.
Peer-to-peer systems allow the seamless sharing of digital materials between strangers who may li... more Peer-to-peer systems allow the seamless sharing of digital materials between strangers who may live in different countries or different continents. As networks such as Kazaa and Gnutella shuffle files effortlessly over the Internet, national boundaries are visible only to those who bother to look up the IP addresses of the machines involved. In the six years since the debut of Napster, a huge volume of legal, popular and scholarly attention has been paid to peer-to-peer file sharing. But despite the inherently global nature of these networks, very little of this attention has been devoted to use of these networks outside North America and Western Europe.
I will explore the cultural meanings of file sharing in Ukraine. Ukraine, the second most populous of the former Soviet republics, had been named as one of the ten “priority countries” with “unacceptable piracy rates.” IFPI and other industry and governmental bodies present piracy in straightforward terms as a crime, and emphasize links between music piracy and violent organized crime. The international struggle against piracy is seen as a straightforward matter of building a strong legal framework in developing countries and then making sure that local authorities enforce these laws. They assume that national development follows linear path from the lawless frontier of unchecked piracy to the well policed copyright regime evidenced in the United States.
In contrast, my argument is that file-sharing practices in Ukraine reflect distinctive features of its cultural heritage. They are not simply the result of a primitive stage of legal development. Until 1991, Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union. The USSR did not recognize the concept of intellectual property, particularly as it related to foreign and scientific works. For example, generations of Soviet children grew up reading a popular story by Russian writer Aleksander Volkov. It told of a little girl from Kansas who was transported by a tornado with her dog Totoshka on a trip to visit a wizard. Even today, few realize the work is a translation.
Internally, however, Xerox machines were banned, and as dissident culture developed from the 1960s onward the illicit reproduction of unsanctioned material was seen as an heroic act of resistance. Manuscripts were photographed, retyped or copied long hand and passed from person to person in a practice known as samizdat. This was punishable by long terms in prison labor camps. Many Ukrainians continue to associate the unrestricted sharing of media materials with freedom, and attempts to restrict the technologies of information exchange with Soviet era repression. Filesharing enthusiasts have appropriated the samizdat tradition to present themselves as members of an underground movement fighting “the rulers of the world corporations” and even a way to realize aspects of the communist utopia once promised to them.
Kiev is well known for its street markets in which pirated videos, music and software are sold openly. With the rapid profusion of high speed internet access in Ukraine these materials can now be shared world wide. A global network requires global copyright enforcement. But while peer-to-peer networks provides a seamless technical mechanism for file transfer across national borders, they does nothing to give users on different sides of those borders a shared understanding of the transaction. To some Ukrainians, efforts to crack down on peer to peer networks appear less like the reasonable application of widely agreed principles of intellectual property and more as an act of imperialist hegemony. Changing that perception will be quite a challenge.
misinformation and as a disruptor of training previously delivered in tightly packed libraries an... more misinformation and as a disruptor of training previously delivered in tightly packed libraries and classrooms. These Ukrainian programs demonstrate the potential for fighting fake news and other misinformation on a scale far beyond what could be accomplished by individual libraries acting alone.
Proceedings of the Annual Conference of CAIS / Actes du congrès annuel de l'ACSI
The grassroots Ukrainian organization, StopFake.org,performs the information work of combatting R... more The grassroots Ukrainian organization, StopFake.org,performs the information work of combatting Russiangenerateddisinformation. The Internet allows anetwork of supporters scattered around the world toevaluate, and undercut, claims made in Russianpropaganda. This case illustrates that virtual internetcommunities can distribute work that once required acentralized, well-financed team.L’organisation populaire ukrainienne, StopFake.org,effectue le travail informationnel de lutter contre ladésinformation générée par la Russie. L’Internetpermet à un réseau de sympathisants éparpillés depar le monde d’évaluer et d’atténuer les allégationsformulées par la propagande russe. Ce cas illustre lefait que des communautés virtuelles reliées parInternet peuvent distribuer le travail qui nécessitaitautrefois une équipe centralisée et bien financée.
When faced with a state-sponsored fake news campaign propagated over social media, in a process w... more When faced with a state-sponsored fake news campaign propagated over social media, in a process we dub " peer-to-peer propaganda, " a group of volunteer Ukrainian journalistic activists turned fact checking into a counter-propaganda weapon. We document the history of StopFake, describe its work practices, and situate them within the literatures on fact checking and online news practices. Our study of its work practices shows that StopFake employs the online media monitoring characteristic of modern journalism, but rather than imitating new stories it applies media literacy techniques to screen out fake news and inhibit its spread. StopFake evaluates news stories for signs of falsified evidence, such as manipulated or misrepresented images and quotes, whereas traditional fact checking sites evaluate nuanced political claims but assume the accuracy of reporting. Drawing on work from science studies, we argue that attention of this kind to social processes demonstrates that scholars can acknowledge that narratives are socially constructed without having to treat all narratives as interchangeable. Acknowledgements:
Ukraine, the second most populous of the former Soviet republics, had been named as one of the te... more Ukraine, the second most populous of the former Soviet republics, had been named as one of the ten "priority countries" with "unacceptable piracy rates." Kiev's open-air Petrovka Market has become a symbol for the blatant distribution of pirated books, films, music, and software. As living standards and disposable incomes have risen dramatically in recent years, Ukrainians are turning increasingly toward
Journal of Studies in International Education, 2009
It is easier to introduce international content and components into a curriculum than to internat... more It is easier to introduce international content and components into a curriculum than to internationalise the curriculum itself. Learners find it easier to deal with international material embedded in a traditional curriculum but harder to accommodate to a curricu-lum constructed on ...
This study examines profiles of online and face-to-face students in a single information science ... more This study examines profiles of online and face-to-face students in a single information science school: the University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee School of Information Studies. A questionnaire was administered to 76 students enrolled in online course sections and 72 students enrolled in face-to-face course sections. The questionnaire examined student capabilities in four areas associated with success in distance education. These are: basic communication skills and access to the Internet, motivational styles, preferences for individual vs. group work, time management issues, and attitudes toward online education. Online students were more comfortable than face-to-face students communicating electronically, had better access to the Internet, and reported better typing skills. Face-to-face students reported themselves to be more reliant on class participation to stimulate their interest in a class, and were more favorably disposed to group exercises. Online students were very much more likely than face-to-face students within the same institution and degree program to believe that online education was of comparable quality to face-to-face education.
Benedict Anderson’s ‘‘Imagined Communities,’’ with their stress on
the role of print languages in... more Benedict Anderson’s ‘‘Imagined Communities,’’ with their stress on the role of print languages in the creation of national identities, provide a framework to examine the role of libraries and library professionals in building Ukrainian identities. Since independence in 1991, Ukrainian is in the unusual position of being both the sole official national language and a minority tongue. The author sketches initial findings in three areas: the role of national and research libraries in constructing a print corpus in national languages, language choice for public library website provision, and language use in library and information science education and professional discourse.
‘High quality’ might seem an obvious requirement for any piece of software,
but do the different ... more ‘High quality’ might seem an obvious requirement for any piece of software, but do the different stakeholder groups involved in its production and use conceptualize this requirement in the same way? Many existing models refine the broad concept of quality into a number of well-defined and measurable attributes related to the software product itself and the development process which produced it. But despite growing awareness of the importance of achieving cultural alignment between holders of different business and IT groups, little attempt has been made to empirically examine the requirements for software quality held by different groups involved in the development process. We conducted a survey of more than 300 current and recently graduated students of one of the leading Executive MBA programs in the United States, asking them to rate the importance of each of 13 widely-cited attributes related to software quality. The results showed business role-related differences in some specific areas and agreement in many others. The results suggest that a strong shared culture may be able to bridge the gulf created between holders of IT and business stakeholder roles.
Peer-to-peer systems allow the seamless sharing of digital materials between strangers who may li... more Peer-to-peer systems allow the seamless sharing of digital materials between strangers who may live in different countries or different continents. As networks such as Kazaa and Gnutella shuffle files effortlessly over the Internet, national boundaries are visible only to those who bother to look up the IP addresses of the machines involved. In the six years since the debut of Napster, a huge volume of legal, popular and scholarly attention has been paid to peer-to-peer file sharing. But despite the inherently global nature of these networks, very little of this attention has been devoted to use of these networks outside North America and Western Europe.
I will explore the cultural meanings of file sharing in Ukraine. Ukraine, the second most populous of the former Soviet republics, had been named as one of the ten “priority countries” with “unacceptable piracy rates.” IFPI and other industry and governmental bodies present piracy in straightforward terms as a crime, and emphasize links between music piracy and violent organized crime. The international struggle against piracy is seen as a straightforward matter of building a strong legal framework in developing countries and then making sure that local authorities enforce these laws. They assume that national development follows linear path from the lawless frontier of unchecked piracy to the well policed copyright regime evidenced in the United States.
In contrast, my argument is that file-sharing practices in Ukraine reflect distinctive features of its cultural heritage. They are not simply the result of a primitive stage of legal development. Until 1991, Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union. The USSR did not recognize the concept of intellectual property, particularly as it related to foreign and scientific works. For example, generations of Soviet children grew up reading a popular story by Russian writer Aleksander Volkov. It told of a little girl from Kansas who was transported by a tornado with her dog Totoshka on a trip to visit a wizard. Even today, few realize the work is a translation.
Internally, however, Xerox machines were banned, and as dissident culture developed from the 1960s onward the illicit reproduction of unsanctioned material was seen as an heroic act of resistance. Manuscripts were photographed, retyped or copied long hand and passed from person to person in a practice known as samizdat. This was punishable by long terms in prison labor camps. Many Ukrainians continue to associate the unrestricted sharing of media materials with freedom, and attempts to restrict the technologies of information exchange with Soviet era repression. Filesharing enthusiasts have appropriated the samizdat tradition to present themselves as members of an underground movement fighting “the rulers of the world corporations” and even a way to realize aspects of the communist utopia once promised to them.
Kiev is well known for its street markets in which pirated videos, music and software are sold openly. With the rapid profusion of high speed internet access in Ukraine these materials can now be shared world wide. A global network requires global copyright enforcement. But while peer-to-peer networks provides a seamless technical mechanism for file transfer across national borders, they does nothing to give users on different sides of those borders a shared understanding of the transaction. To some Ukrainians, efforts to crack down on peer to peer networks appear less like the reasonable application of widely agreed principles of intellectual property and more as an act of imperialist hegemony. Changing that perception will be quite a challenge.
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Papers by Maria Haigh
the University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee School of Information Studies. A questionnaire was administered
to 76 students enrolled in online course sections and 72 students enrolled in face-to-face course sections.
The questionnaire examined student capabilities in four areas associated with success in distance education.
These are: basic communication skills and access to the Internet, motivational styles, preferences for
individual vs. group work, time management issues, and attitudes toward online education. Online
students were more comfortable than face-to-face students communicating electronically, had better
access to the Internet, and reported better typing skills. Face-to-face students reported themselves to be
more reliant on class participation to stimulate their interest in a class, and were more favorably disposed
to group exercises. Online students were very much more likely than face-to-face students within the same
institution and degree program to believe that online education was of comparable quality to face-to-face
education.
the role of print languages in the creation of national identities, provide a
framework to examine the role of libraries and library professionals in building
Ukrainian identities. Since independence in 1991, Ukrainian is in the unusual
position of being both the sole official national language and a minority tongue.
The author sketches initial findings in three areas: the role of national and
research libraries in constructing a print corpus in national languages, language
choice for public library website provision, and language use in library and
information science education and professional discourse.
but do the different stakeholder groups involved in its production and use conceptualize
this requirement in the same way? Many existing models refine the broad concept of
quality into a number of well-defined and measurable attributes related to the software
product itself and the development process which produced it. But despite growing
awareness of the importance of achieving cultural alignment between holders of different
business and IT groups, little attempt has been made to empirically examine the requirements
for software quality held by different groups involved in the development process.
We conducted a survey of more than 300 current and recently graduated students of one of
the leading Executive MBA programs in the United States, asking them to rate the
importance of each of 13 widely-cited attributes related to software quality. The results
showed business role-related differences in some specific areas and agreement in many
others. The results suggest that a strong shared culture may be able to bridge the gulf
created between holders of IT and business stakeholder roles.
I will explore the cultural meanings of file sharing in Ukraine. Ukraine, the second most populous of the former Soviet republics, had been named as one of the ten “priority countries” with “unacceptable piracy rates.” IFPI and other industry and governmental bodies present piracy in straightforward terms as a crime, and emphasize links between music piracy and violent organized crime. The international struggle against piracy is seen as a straightforward matter of building a strong legal framework in developing countries and then making sure that local authorities enforce these laws. They assume that national development follows linear path from the lawless frontier of unchecked piracy to the well policed copyright regime evidenced in the United States.
In contrast, my argument is that file-sharing practices in Ukraine reflect distinctive features of its cultural heritage. They are not simply the result of a primitive stage of legal development. Until 1991, Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union. The USSR did not recognize the concept of intellectual property, particularly as it related to foreign and scientific works. For example, generations of Soviet children grew up reading a popular story by Russian writer Aleksander Volkov. It told of a little girl from Kansas who was transported by a tornado with her dog Totoshka on a trip to visit a wizard. Even today, few realize the work is a translation.
Internally, however, Xerox machines were banned, and as dissident culture developed from the 1960s onward the illicit reproduction of unsanctioned material was seen as an heroic act of resistance. Manuscripts were photographed, retyped or copied long hand and passed from person to person in a practice known as samizdat. This was punishable by long terms in prison labor camps. Many Ukrainians continue to associate the unrestricted sharing of media materials with freedom, and attempts to restrict the technologies of information exchange with Soviet era repression. Filesharing enthusiasts have appropriated the samizdat tradition to present themselves as members of an underground movement fighting “the rulers of the world corporations” and even a way to realize aspects of the communist utopia once promised to them.
Kiev is well known for its street markets in which pirated videos, music and software are sold openly. With the rapid profusion of high speed internet access in Ukraine these materials can now be shared world wide. A global network requires global copyright enforcement. But while peer-to-peer networks provides a seamless technical mechanism for file transfer across national borders, they does nothing to give users on different sides of those borders a shared understanding of the transaction. To some Ukrainians, efforts to crack down on peer to peer networks appear less like the reasonable application of widely agreed principles of intellectual property and more as an act of imperialist hegemony. Changing that perception will be quite a challenge.
the University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee School of Information Studies. A questionnaire was administered
to 76 students enrolled in online course sections and 72 students enrolled in face-to-face course sections.
The questionnaire examined student capabilities in four areas associated with success in distance education.
These are: basic communication skills and access to the Internet, motivational styles, preferences for
individual vs. group work, time management issues, and attitudes toward online education. Online
students were more comfortable than face-to-face students communicating electronically, had better
access to the Internet, and reported better typing skills. Face-to-face students reported themselves to be
more reliant on class participation to stimulate their interest in a class, and were more favorably disposed
to group exercises. Online students were very much more likely than face-to-face students within the same
institution and degree program to believe that online education was of comparable quality to face-to-face
education.
the role of print languages in the creation of national identities, provide a
framework to examine the role of libraries and library professionals in building
Ukrainian identities. Since independence in 1991, Ukrainian is in the unusual
position of being both the sole official national language and a minority tongue.
The author sketches initial findings in three areas: the role of national and
research libraries in constructing a print corpus in national languages, language
choice for public library website provision, and language use in library and
information science education and professional discourse.
but do the different stakeholder groups involved in its production and use conceptualize
this requirement in the same way? Many existing models refine the broad concept of
quality into a number of well-defined and measurable attributes related to the software
product itself and the development process which produced it. But despite growing
awareness of the importance of achieving cultural alignment between holders of different
business and IT groups, little attempt has been made to empirically examine the requirements
for software quality held by different groups involved in the development process.
We conducted a survey of more than 300 current and recently graduated students of one of
the leading Executive MBA programs in the United States, asking them to rate the
importance of each of 13 widely-cited attributes related to software quality. The results
showed business role-related differences in some specific areas and agreement in many
others. The results suggest that a strong shared culture may be able to bridge the gulf
created between holders of IT and business stakeholder roles.
I will explore the cultural meanings of file sharing in Ukraine. Ukraine, the second most populous of the former Soviet republics, had been named as one of the ten “priority countries” with “unacceptable piracy rates.” IFPI and other industry and governmental bodies present piracy in straightforward terms as a crime, and emphasize links between music piracy and violent organized crime. The international struggle against piracy is seen as a straightforward matter of building a strong legal framework in developing countries and then making sure that local authorities enforce these laws. They assume that national development follows linear path from the lawless frontier of unchecked piracy to the well policed copyright regime evidenced in the United States.
In contrast, my argument is that file-sharing practices in Ukraine reflect distinctive features of its cultural heritage. They are not simply the result of a primitive stage of legal development. Until 1991, Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union. The USSR did not recognize the concept of intellectual property, particularly as it related to foreign and scientific works. For example, generations of Soviet children grew up reading a popular story by Russian writer Aleksander Volkov. It told of a little girl from Kansas who was transported by a tornado with her dog Totoshka on a trip to visit a wizard. Even today, few realize the work is a translation.
Internally, however, Xerox machines were banned, and as dissident culture developed from the 1960s onward the illicit reproduction of unsanctioned material was seen as an heroic act of resistance. Manuscripts were photographed, retyped or copied long hand and passed from person to person in a practice known as samizdat. This was punishable by long terms in prison labor camps. Many Ukrainians continue to associate the unrestricted sharing of media materials with freedom, and attempts to restrict the technologies of information exchange with Soviet era repression. Filesharing enthusiasts have appropriated the samizdat tradition to present themselves as members of an underground movement fighting “the rulers of the world corporations” and even a way to realize aspects of the communist utopia once promised to them.
Kiev is well known for its street markets in which pirated videos, music and software are sold openly. With the rapid profusion of high speed internet access in Ukraine these materials can now be shared world wide. A global network requires global copyright enforcement. But while peer-to-peer networks provides a seamless technical mechanism for file transfer across national borders, they does nothing to give users on different sides of those borders a shared understanding of the transaction. To some Ukrainians, efforts to crack down on peer to peer networks appear less like the reasonable application of widely agreed principles of intellectual property and more as an act of imperialist hegemony. Changing that perception will be quite a challenge.