Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a heart disease, affects many vertebrates including humans and poul... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a heart disease, affects many vertebrates including humans and poultry. The disease can be either idiopathic (IDCM) or toxin-induced. Idiopathic DCM often occurs without a consensus cause. Though genetic and other studies of IDCM are extensive, the specific etiology of toxin-induced is still unknown. Here, our objective was to compare the level of mRNA expression of two candidate genes including troponin T (cTnT) and phospholamban (PLN) using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in toxin-induced DCM affected and unaffected turkeys. Cardiac TnT and PLN were chosen because their spontaneous expression has been reported to be associated with IDCM. We also scanned these genes for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that could be useful in evaluating their functions in the incidence and severity of toxin-induced DCM in turkeys. There were no significant differences between affected and unaffected birds in the expression of...
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart which is cha... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart which is characterized by ventricular dilatation and abnormal systolic and diastolic left ventricular function. In animals, including turkeys and humans, DCM is the major cause of morbidity and mortality which results from heart failure. In the turkey, DCM can be idiopathic or induced. Since idiopathic or spontaneous DCM occurs in about 1-4% of normal turkeys, it is of significant concern to the poultry industry. In this study, it was proposed that the incidence and severity of DCM in the turkey may have a genetic basis. To test this hypothesis, I investigated differences in the incidence and severity of DCM in five domesticated turkey varieties including Blue Slate (BS), Bourbon Red (BR), Narragansett (N), Royal Palm (RP) and Spanish Black (SB). Preliminary investigations tested the reliability of echocardiography (ECHO) as a non-invasive and non-destructive technique for diagnosing DCM in a large ...
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart characterize... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart characterized by left ventricular dilatation and abnormal systolic and diastolic ventricular function. In animals, including turkeys and humans, DCM is a major cause of morbidity and mortality that results in heart failure. In the turkey, DCM can be idiopathic or induced. Since idiopathic or spontaneous DCM occurs in about 2-4 % of normal turkeys, it is of significant concern to the poultry industry. This dissertation was designed to increase our understanding of the pathophysiology of DCM in commercial turkeys. Specific objectives included: evaluating the influence of dietary selenium (Se) and vitamin E on poults fed toxic levels of furazolidone (Fz). Evaluating differences among reciprocal crosses of turkey varieties in susceptibility to a toxic level of Fz that induces DCM were used to assess the role of genetics in DCM. Using glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA)...
The domesticated turkey, Meleagris gallopavo, is believed to be a single breed with several varie... more The domesticated turkey, Meleagris gallopavo, is believed to be a single breed with several varieties whose relatedness and origins remain poorly understood. Using the mitochondrial genome sequence (GenBank accession no. EF153719) that our group first reported, we investigated the relationships among 15 of the most widely occurring turkey varieties using D-loop and 16S RNA sequences. We included, as a non-traditional outgroup, mtDNA sequence information from wild turkey varieties. A total of 24 SNPs, including 18 in the D-loop and 6 in the 16S rRNA, was identified, validated and used. Of the 15 haplotypes detected based on these SNPs, 7 were unique to wild turkeys. Nucleotide diversity estimates were relatively low when compared to those reported for chickens and other livestock. Network and phylogenetic analyses showed a closer relationship among heritage varieties than between heritage and wild turkeys. The mtDNA data provide additional evidence that suggest a recent divergence of turkey varieties.
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart which is cha... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart which is characterized by ventricular dilatation and abnormal systolic and diastolic left ventricular function. In animals, including turkeys and humans, DCM is the major cause of morbidity and mortality which results from heart failure. In the turkey, DCM can be idiopathic or induced. Since idiopathic or spontaneous DCM occurs in about 1-4% of normal turkeys, it is of significant concern to the poultry industry. In this study, it was proposed that the incidence and severity of DCM in the turkey may have a genetic basis. To test this hypothesis, I investigated differences in the incidence and severity of DCM in five domesticated turkey varieties including Blue Slate (BS), Bourbon Red (BR), Narragansett (N), Royal Palm (RP) and Spanish Black (SB). Preliminary investigations tested the reliability of echocardiography (ECHO) as a non-invasive and non-destructive technique for diagnosing DCM in a large ...
... their financial support and friendship as well. I appreciate the friendship of Dr. JerryAsare... more ... their financial support and friendship as well. I appreciate the friendship of Dr. JerryAsare-Passah, Private Kojo Afari, Captain Victor Kofi Dukuh, Victor Dilare, Lawyer Nii Ofei Mante, Commander Frederick Atadana, Leonora ...
The mitochondrial genome (mtGenome) has been little studied in the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), ... more The mitochondrial genome (mtGenome) has been little studied in the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), a species for which there is no publicly available mtGenome sequence. Here, we used PCR-based methods with 19 pairs of primers designed from the chicken and other species to develop a complete turkey mtGenome sequence. The entire sequence (16 717 bp) of the turkey mtGenome was obtained, and it exhibited 85% similarity to the chicken mtGenome sequence. Thirteen genes and 24 RNAs (22 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs) were annotated. An mtGenome-based phylogenetic analysis indicated that the turkey is most closely related to the chicken, Gallus gallus, and quail, Corturnix japonica. Given the importance of the mtGenome, the present work adds to the growing genomic resources needed to define the genetic mechanisms that underlie some economically significant traits in the turkey.
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a heart disease, affects many vertebrates including humans and poul... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a heart disease, affects many vertebrates including humans and poultry. The disease can be either idiopathic (IDCM) or toxin-induced. Idiopathic DCM often occurs without a consensus cause. Though genetic and other studies of IDCM are extensive, the specific etiology of toxin-induced is still unknown. Here, our objective was to compare the level of mRNA expression of two candidate genes including troponin T (cTnT) and phospholamban (PLN) using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in toxin-induced DCM affected and unaffected turkeys. Cardiac TnT and PLN were chosen because their spontaneous expression has been reported to be associated with IDCM. We also scanned these genes for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that could be useful in evaluating their functions in the incidence and severity of toxin-induced DCM in turkeys. There were no significant differences between affected and unaffected birds in the expression of...
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart which is cha... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart which is characterized by ventricular dilatation and abnormal systolic and diastolic left ventricular function. In animals, including turkeys and humans, DCM is the major cause of morbidity and mortality which results from heart failure. In the turkey, DCM can be idiopathic or induced. Since idiopathic or spontaneous DCM occurs in about 1-4% of normal turkeys, it is of significant concern to the poultry industry. In this study, it was proposed that the incidence and severity of DCM in the turkey may have a genetic basis. To test this hypothesis, I investigated differences in the incidence and severity of DCM in five domesticated turkey varieties including Blue Slate (BS), Bourbon Red (BR), Narragansett (N), Royal Palm (RP) and Spanish Black (SB). Preliminary investigations tested the reliability of echocardiography (ECHO) as a non-invasive and non-destructive technique for diagnosing DCM in a large ...
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart characterize... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart characterized by left ventricular dilatation and abnormal systolic and diastolic ventricular function. In animals, including turkeys and humans, DCM is a major cause of morbidity and mortality that results in heart failure. In the turkey, DCM can be idiopathic or induced. Since idiopathic or spontaneous DCM occurs in about 2-4 % of normal turkeys, it is of significant concern to the poultry industry. This dissertation was designed to increase our understanding of the pathophysiology of DCM in commercial turkeys. Specific objectives included: evaluating the influence of dietary selenium (Se) and vitamin E on poults fed toxic levels of furazolidone (Fz). Evaluating differences among reciprocal crosses of turkey varieties in susceptibility to a toxic level of Fz that induces DCM were used to assess the role of genetics in DCM. Using glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA)...
The domesticated turkey, Meleagris gallopavo, is believed to be a single breed with several varie... more The domesticated turkey, Meleagris gallopavo, is believed to be a single breed with several varieties whose relatedness and origins remain poorly understood. Using the mitochondrial genome sequence (GenBank accession no. EF153719) that our group first reported, we investigated the relationships among 15 of the most widely occurring turkey varieties using D-loop and 16S RNA sequences. We included, as a non-traditional outgroup, mtDNA sequence information from wild turkey varieties. A total of 24 SNPs, including 18 in the D-loop and 6 in the 16S rRNA, was identified, validated and used. Of the 15 haplotypes detected based on these SNPs, 7 were unique to wild turkeys. Nucleotide diversity estimates were relatively low when compared to those reported for chickens and other livestock. Network and phylogenetic analyses showed a closer relationship among heritage varieties than between heritage and wild turkeys. The mtDNA data provide additional evidence that suggest a recent divergence of turkey varieties.
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart which is cha... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or round heart disease is a muscle disease of the heart which is characterized by ventricular dilatation and abnormal systolic and diastolic left ventricular function. In animals, including turkeys and humans, DCM is the major cause of morbidity and mortality which results from heart failure. In the turkey, DCM can be idiopathic or induced. Since idiopathic or spontaneous DCM occurs in about 1-4% of normal turkeys, it is of significant concern to the poultry industry. In this study, it was proposed that the incidence and severity of DCM in the turkey may have a genetic basis. To test this hypothesis, I investigated differences in the incidence and severity of DCM in five domesticated turkey varieties including Blue Slate (BS), Bourbon Red (BR), Narragansett (N), Royal Palm (RP) and Spanish Black (SB). Preliminary investigations tested the reliability of echocardiography (ECHO) as a non-invasive and non-destructive technique for diagnosing DCM in a large ...
... their financial support and friendship as well. I appreciate the friendship of Dr. JerryAsare... more ... their financial support and friendship as well. I appreciate the friendship of Dr. JerryAsare-Passah, Private Kojo Afari, Captain Victor Kofi Dukuh, Victor Dilare, Lawyer Nii Ofei Mante, Commander Frederick Atadana, Leonora ...
The mitochondrial genome (mtGenome) has been little studied in the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), ... more The mitochondrial genome (mtGenome) has been little studied in the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), a species for which there is no publicly available mtGenome sequence. Here, we used PCR-based methods with 19 pairs of primers designed from the chicken and other species to develop a complete turkey mtGenome sequence. The entire sequence (16 717 bp) of the turkey mtGenome was obtained, and it exhibited 85% similarity to the chicken mtGenome sequence. Thirteen genes and 24 RNAs (22 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs) were annotated. An mtGenome-based phylogenetic analysis indicated that the turkey is most closely related to the chicken, Gallus gallus, and quail, Corturnix japonica. Given the importance of the mtGenome, the present work adds to the growing genomic resources needed to define the genetic mechanisms that underlie some economically significant traits in the turkey.
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