In this study, we used two methods to prepare alumina-doped silica aerogels with the aim of increasing the thermal stability of silica aerogels. The first method was physical doping of α-Al₂O₃ nano powders, and the second method was to create a chemical compound via the co-precursor of TEOS and AlCl₃·6H₂O in different proportions. The shrinkage, chemical composition, and specific surface area (SSA) of samples after heating at different temperatures were analyzed. Our results show that the silicon hydroxyl groups of samples derived from AlCl₃·6H₂O gradually decreased and nearly disappeared after heating at 800 °C, which indicates the complete dehydration of the silicon hydroxyl. Thus, the samples exhibited a large linear shrinkage and decreased SSA after high-temperature heat treatment. By contrast, samples doped with α-Al₂O₃ powders retained abundant silicon hydroxyl groups, and the 6.1 wt.% α-Al₂O₃-doped sample exhibited the lowest linear shrinkage of 11% and the highest SSA of 1056 m²/g after heat treatment at 800 °C. The alumina-doped silica aerogels prepared using a simple and low-price synthesized method pave the way for the low-cost and large-scale production of high-temperature thermal insulation.

Yu Wu; Xiaodong Wang; Lin Liu; Ze Zhang; Jun Shen. Alumina-Doped Silica Aerogels for High-Temperature Thermal Insulation. Gels 2021, 7, 122 .

Yu Wu, Xiaodong Wang, Lin Liu, Ze Zhang, Jun Shen. Alumina-Doped Silica Aerogels for High-Temperature Thermal Insulation. Gels. 2021; 7 (3):122.

Yu Wu; Xiaodong Wang; Lin Liu; Ze Zhang; Jun Shen. 2021. "Alumina-Doped Silica Aerogels for High-Temperature Thermal Insulation." Gels 7, no. 3: 122.

The junctions formed between siloxane-terminated ether chains and silica nanowires can promote a three-dimensional enhanced network and significantly improve the electrolyte performance in rate and cycling tests of solid LFP cells.

Jiawei Wu; Jing Chen; Xiaodong Wang; An'an Zhou; Zhenglong Yang. Applying multi-scale silica-like three-dimensional networks in a PEO matrix via in situ crosslinking for high-performance solid composite electrolytes. Materials Chemistry Frontiers 2021, 1 .

Jiawei Wu, Jing Chen, Xiaodong Wang, An'an Zhou, Zhenglong Yang. Applying multi-scale silica-like three-dimensional networks in a PEO matrix via in situ crosslinking for high-performance solid composite electrolytes. Materials Chemistry Frontiers. 2021; ():1.

Jiawei Wu; Jing Chen; Xiaodong Wang; An'an Zhou; Zhenglong Yang. 2021. "Applying multi-scale silica-like three-dimensional networks in a PEO matrix via in situ crosslinking for high-performance solid composite electrolytes." Materials Chemistry Frontiers , no. : 1.

Moisture‐resistant and mechanically strong polyimide (PI)‐polymethylsilsesquioxane hybrid aerogels with doubly cross‐linked structures are synthesized through sol–gel technology and supercritical CO2 fluid drying. By using bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl) amine as a cross‐linker, the end‐capped polyamide acid derived from biphenyl‐3,3′,4,4′‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride and 4,4′‐oxydianiline is cross‐linked with a silica network using methyltrimethoxysilane as the silica source precursor. The resultant hybrid aerogels show low density (0.12–0.15 g cm−3), low thermal conductivity (0.032–0.049 W m−1 K−1), high hydrophobicity (125–140°) and good thermal stability (above 435 °C) with tunable microstructure. With the increase of silica sol volume, the microstructure of hybrid aerogels transforms from fibrous network to hierarchical microstructure. Aerogels with high content of silica sol exhibit good moisture resistance, high Young's modulus (Max. 19.6 MPa), and high specific modulus (Max. 131 kN m kg−1), which are attributed to their unique hierarchical microstructure with a sheet skeleton. These hybrid aerogels are promising in the fields of thermal insulation, aerospace applications and so on.

Shuang Xi; Xiaodong Wang; Ting Liu; Ze Zhang; Xiaoxue Zhang; Jun Shen. Moisture‐Resistant and Mechanically Strong Polyimide‐Polymethylsilsesquioxane Hybrid Aerogels with Tunable Microstructure. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 2021, 306, 2000612 .

Shuang Xi, Xiaodong Wang, Ting Liu, Ze Zhang, Xiaoxue Zhang, Jun Shen. Moisture‐Resistant and Mechanically Strong Polyimide‐Polymethylsilsesquioxane Hybrid Aerogels with Tunable Microstructure. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. 2021; 306 (4):2000612.

Shuang Xi; Xiaodong Wang; Ting Liu; Ze Zhang; Xiaoxue Zhang; Jun Shen. 2021. "Moisture‐Resistant and Mechanically Strong Polyimide‐Polymethylsilsesquioxane Hybrid Aerogels with Tunable Microstructure." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 306, no. 4: 2000612.

The properties of linear polyimide aerogels (LPAs) were improved by introducing the network structure of polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane (PVPMS) into that of LPAs. The formed doubly cross-linked polyimide (PI)-PVPMS network structure endowed samples with resilience and fire-retardant property. On the one hand, the PI-PVPMS composite aerogels (PPCAs) can recover to 20% of their own height rather than exhibit almost no resilience after compression. On the other hand, they can maintain high structural integrity instead of showing drastic volume shrinkage after prolonged burning. Moreover, our results showed that the introduced network structure of PVPMS not only weakened the effect of PI rigidity on the structural properties of LPAs, but also played a leading role in the physical properties of synthesized PPCAs. The obtained PPCAs with different PI rigidity exhibited similar microstructure and properties, which indicated that the lower cost monomers of PI could be selected to prepare PPCAs and promote the large-scale production.

Ze Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Ting Liu; Lin Liu; Shuang Xi; Xiaoxue Zhang; Guoqing Zu; Jun Shen. Properties improvement of linear polyimide aerogels via formation of doubly cross-linked polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane network structure. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 2021, 559, 120679 .

Ze Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Ting Liu, Lin Liu, Shuang Xi, Xiaoxue Zhang, Guoqing Zu, Jun Shen. Properties improvement of linear polyimide aerogels via formation of doubly cross-linked polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane network structure. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. 2021; 559 ():120679.

Ze Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Ting Liu; Lin Liu; Shuang Xi; Xiaoxue Zhang; Guoqing Zu; Jun Shen. 2021. "Properties improvement of linear polyimide aerogels via formation of doubly cross-linked polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane network structure." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 559, no. : 120679.

Polyimide aerogels (PAs) using different monomers were prepared by cross-linking with a low-cost aminosilane, bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl) amine. The influence of diamine rigidity and dianhydride rigidity on the microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties of PAs were investigated independently. It was found that Young's modulus and yield strength of the PAs increase with the increase of rigidity of diamine or dianhydride. PA prepared with the most rigid dianhydride (pyromellitic dianhydride, PMDA) and diamine (4,4′-oxydianiline, ODA) shows the highest Young's modulus of 45.7 MPa, while that prepared with the most rigid diamine (p-phenylenediamine, PPDA) and dianhydride (biphenyl-3,3′,4,4′-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, BPDA) exhibits the highest yield strength of 2.9 MPa. PAs prepared with more flexible diamines tend to form more disordered microstructure with larger pores and broader pore size distribution. Meanwhile, the thermal conductivity of PAs shows a decreasing tendency with the decrease of diamine rigidity. The lowest thermal conductivity of 0.038 W/(m·K) comes from the sample synthesized using ODA and BPDA. Besides, the initial thermal decomposition temperature depends mainly on the diamine, which illustrates that diamine rigidity has a greater effect on thermal stability than dianhydride rigidity. By contrast, no obvious correlation between the dianhydride rigidity and properties of PAs was observed. The obtained PAs exhibit good application potential for aerospace applications and their properties can be tailored by adjusting the monomer rigidity.

Shuang Xi; Xiaodong Wang; Ze Zhang; Ting Liu; Xiaoxue Zhang; Jun Shen. Influence of diamine rigidity and dianhydride rigidity on the microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties of cross-linked polyimide aerogels. Journal of Porous Materials 2021, 28, 717 -725.

Shuang Xi, Xiaodong Wang, Ze Zhang, Ting Liu, Xiaoxue Zhang, Jun Shen. Influence of diamine rigidity and dianhydride rigidity on the microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties of cross-linked polyimide aerogels. Journal of Porous Materials. 2021; 28 (3):717-725.

Shuang Xi; Xiaodong Wang; Ze Zhang; Ting Liu; Xiaoxue Zhang; Jun Shen. 2021. "Influence of diamine rigidity and dianhydride rigidity on the microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties of cross-linked polyimide aerogels." Journal of Porous Materials 28, no. 3: 717-725.

[email protected] leaf (BL) carbon composites have been prepared by a hydrothermal method, wherein, the BL porous carbon structure was based on BLs. The [email protected] composites were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman, XPS, and TGA. The electrochemical properties of the composites were investigated in a three-electrode system using 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous solution as an asymmetric supercapacitor electrolyte. Electrochemical measurements showed that the [email protected] composites can be applied in asymmetric supercapacitors and exhibited a good cycling stability with a capacitance retention ratio of 85.3% after 5000 cycles (at 0.5 A g–1). The [email protected] composites were promising materials for application in supercapacitors.

Jing Yu; Minglong Li; Xiaodong Wang; Zhenglong Yang. Promising High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Materials from MnO2 [email protected] Leaf Carbon. ACS Omega 2020, 5, 16299 -16306.

Jing Yu, Minglong Li, Xiaodong Wang, Zhenglong Yang. Promising High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Materials from MnO2 [email protected] Leaf Carbon. ACS Omega. 2020; 5 (26):16299-16306.

Jing Yu; Minglong Li; Xiaodong Wang; Zhenglong Yang. 2020. "Promising High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Materials from MnO2 [email protected] Leaf Carbon." ACS Omega 5, no. 26: 16299-16306.

In this study, the polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane composite aerogel (PPCA) was synthesized by two different methods, stepwise chemical liquid deposition (SCLD) and direct chemical liquid deposition (DCLD). It is found that polyimide (PI) chains can only be introduced into the backbone of amine-modified polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane (PVPMS) by SCLD method. The introduced PI can further crosslink with PVPMS to form a PI-PVPMS cross-linked network structure, which makes the skeleton dense and endows the sample with high mechanical strength. For DCLD method, PI chains can only be coated on the surface of the sample rather than the whole skeleton, which leads to a loose internal structure. Furthermore, samples prepared by SCLD method possess higher initial thermal decomposition temperature compared with that by DCLD method.

Ze Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Guoqing Zu; Lin Liu; Xiaoxue Zhang; Shuang Xi; Huiyue Zhao; Jun Shen. Effect of different chemical liquid deposition methods on the microstructure and properties of polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane composite aerogels. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 2020, 160, 104811 .

Ze Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Guoqing Zu, Lin Liu, Xiaoxue Zhang, Shuang Xi, Huiyue Zhao, Jun Shen. Effect of different chemical liquid deposition methods on the microstructure and properties of polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane composite aerogels. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids. 2020; 160 ():104811.

Ze Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Guoqing Zu; Lin Liu; Xiaoxue Zhang; Shuang Xi; Huiyue Zhao; Jun Shen. 2020. "Effect of different chemical liquid deposition methods on the microstructure and properties of polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane composite aerogels." The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 160, no. : 104811.

We report novel superhydrophobic highly flexible composites based on a doubly cross-linked aerogel and carbon nanotubes for highly sensitive strain/pressure sensing.

Guoqing Zu; Xiaodong Wang; Kazuyoshi Kanamori; Kazuki Nakanishi. Superhydrophobic highly flexible doubly cross-linked aerogel/carbon nanotube composites as strain/pressure sensors. Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2020, 8, 4883 -4889.

Guoqing Zu, Xiaodong Wang, Kazuyoshi Kanamori, Kazuki Nakanishi. Superhydrophobic highly flexible doubly cross-linked aerogel/carbon nanotube composites as strain/pressure sensors. Journal of Materials Chemistry B. 2020; 8 (22):4883-4889.

Guoqing Zu; Xiaodong Wang; Kazuyoshi Kanamori; Kazuki Nakanishi. 2020. "Superhydrophobic highly flexible doubly cross-linked aerogel/carbon nanotube composites as strain/pressure sensors." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 22: 4883-4889.

We report new polyorganosiloxane aerogels with superhydrophobicity, high elasticity, and high bendability based on polyvinyl-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PVPDMS)/polymethylsilsesquioxane (PMSQ). They are synthesized by a radical polymerization/co-polycondensation strategy that involves radical polymerization of vinyldimethylmethoxysilane to obtain chainlike polyvinyldimethylmethoxysilane (PVDMMS) polymers, followed by hydrolytic co-polycondensation of PVDMMS polymers and methyltrimethoxysilane combined with ambient pressure drying without any postgelation modifications. The resultant PVPDMS/PMSQ aerogels exhibit a highly tunable triple-network structure consisting of flexible inter-crosslinked hydrocarbon polymers, poly(dimethylsiloxane), and PMSQ. The aerogels with low content of PVPDMS exhibit small pore sizes (2 ~ 80 nm), good transparency, high surface areas, and thermal superinsulation (λ = 0.0148 W m−1 K−1), while those with high content of PVPDMS exhibit large pore sizes (100 nm ~ 3 μm) and excellent selective absorption for organic liquids. In addition, incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) in PVPDMS/PMSQ aerogels can afford highly flexible PVPDMS/PMSQ/GO composite aerogels, which show efficient separation of three-component water/oil/dye mixtures. These aerogels are promising in the practical applications of thermal insulation, absorption/adsorption, and separation.

Guoqing Zu; Kazuyoshi Kanamori; Xiaodong Wang; Kazuki Nakanishi; Jun Shen. Superelastic Triple-Network Polyorganosiloxane-Based Aerogels as Transparent Thermal Superinsulators and Efficient Separators. Chemistry of Materials 2020, 32, 1595 -1604.

Guoqing Zu, Kazuyoshi Kanamori, Xiaodong Wang, Kazuki Nakanishi, Jun Shen. Superelastic Triple-Network Polyorganosiloxane-Based Aerogels as Transparent Thermal Superinsulators and Efficient Separators. Chemistry of Materials. 2020; 32 (4):1595-1604.

Guoqing Zu; Kazuyoshi Kanamori; Xiaodong Wang; Kazuki Nakanishi; Jun Shen. 2020. "Superelastic Triple-Network Polyorganosiloxane-Based Aerogels as Transparent Thermal Superinsulators and Efficient Separators." Chemistry of Materials 32, no. 4: 1595-1604.

Controlling micropore size is the core for synthesizing highly efficient adsorbents for gas adsorption and separation engineering. Porous carbon prepared by traditional methods usually lacks competitiveness due to the random micropore size or complex process. Herein, we report a novel strategy for synthesizing nitrogen doped carbons nanosheets (Cu-NDPCs) with unimodal ultra-micropore based on the metal-organic covalency and the anion regulated in situ copper template. The thickness of single Cu-NDPCs is about 4.2 nm. In the presence of Cl−, the porosity of Cu-NDPCs can be tuned at 4.1–4.8 Å by adjusting the pyrolysis temperature. Among them, Cu-NDPC-800 has unique carbon nanosheets networks structure, ultrahigh surface area (2150 m2 g−1), large micropore volume (0.92 cm3 g−1) and abundant surface N doping (5.33%). As an adsorbent, it exhibits superhigh C2H2, C2H6, C3H8 and CO2 uptakes (6.7, 7.0, 11.4 and 4.4 mmol g−1) and corresponding x/CH4 or CO2/N2 IAST selectivities (12.9, 17.8, 468.6, 4.3 and 17.1) under ambient conditions. Meanwhile, the Cu-NDPC-800 possesses excellent cyclic stability.

Ning Fu; Jing Yu; Rui Liu; Xiaodong Wang; Zhenglong Yang. Anion-regulated selective growth ultrafine copper templates in carbon nanosheets network toward highly efficient gas capture. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2019, 564, 296 -302.

Ning Fu, Jing Yu, Rui Liu, Xiaodong Wang, Zhenglong Yang. Anion-regulated selective growth ultrafine copper templates in carbon nanosheets network toward highly efficient gas capture. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2019; 564 ():296-302.

Ning Fu; Jing Yu; Rui Liu; Xiaodong Wang; Zhenglong Yang. 2019. "Anion-regulated selective growth ultrafine copper templates in carbon nanosheets network toward highly efficient gas capture." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 564, no. : 296-302.

Environmental stability is of great interest for sol-gel porous antireflective (AR) coatings. In this work, sol-gel silica AR coatings with excellent environmental stability were prepared via ammonia vapor treatment (AVT) combined with organosilane (hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) or hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HTMS)) vapor treatment. The surface free energy (SFE) of the coatings treated with different approaches was estimated through Owens-Wendt method combined with Wenzel equation from the contact angles of water, glycerol and diiodomethane. Scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to study the surface morphology and chemical composition of the silica coatings treated with different methods. The silica coatings treated by combined vapor phase method possess the SFE of 24.11 mJ·m-2 for N-HD-SiO2 and 34.18 mJ·m-2 for N-HT-SiO2. After being placed in a 90%RH humid environment for 2 months, the peak transmittance of BK7 glasses coated with N-HD-SiO2 and N-HT-SiO2 only decreases by 0.58% and 0.95%, respectively. Meanwhile, N-HD-SiO2 and N-HT-SiO2 coated BK7 glasses also show quite stable optical transmittance after exposure to a vacuum oil environment for 2 months. The mechanism of the combined vapor phase surface treatment is discussed based on the combination analysis of surface morphology, chemical composition and SFE of the coatings.

Xiaodong Wang; Huiyue Zhao; Yuanyuan Cao; Yixuan Su; Haohao Hui; Jun Shen. Surface free energy and microstructure dependent environmental stability of sol–gel SiO2 antireflective coatings: Effect of combined vapor phase surface treatment. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2019, 555, 124 -131.

Xiaodong Wang, Huiyue Zhao, Yuanyuan Cao, Yixuan Su, Haohao Hui, Jun Shen. Surface free energy and microstructure dependent environmental stability of sol–gel SiO2 antireflective coatings: Effect of combined vapor phase surface treatment. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2019; 555 ():124-131.

Xiaodong Wang; Huiyue Zhao; Yuanyuan Cao; Yixuan Su; Haohao Hui; Jun Shen. 2019. "Surface free energy and microstructure dependent environmental stability of sol–gel SiO2 antireflective coatings: Effect of combined vapor phase surface treatment." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 555, no. : 124-131.

Mechanical and contamination-resistance properties are the most crucial and challenging issues which impede the practical application of sol–gel antireflective (AR) coating. In this paper, we report a low-temperature vapor surface treatment strategy for the partial embedding and surface functionalization of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) on flexible polymeric glass substrates. SNPs, which were synthesized via Stöber method, were partially embedded onto the polymeric glass substrates by vapor-phase surface treatment of volatile chloroform. Further vapor-phase surface treatments of water and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) were applied successively to achieve high trimethylsilyl coverage of the SNPs. The HMDS modification could convert the polar surface of SNPs to nonpolar surface for contamination-resistance, while the ammonia, as by-product generated, could help to cross-link the SNPs via self-condensation of silanol groups, thus hardening the coating. The SNP-CWH coated PMMA substrate shows an average transmittance of 98.62% in the wavelength region of 400–800 nm, which is 6.32% higher than the uncoated bare PMMA. The AR performance of SNP-CWH coated PMMA has almost no degradation after 100 times of rubbing or bending, indicating the greatly enhanced abrasion-resistance and flexibility. Furthermore, the SNP-CWH coating exhibits superior contamination-resistance property, where the transmittance curve of the coated substrate displays barely noticeable change after exposure to a “dirty” environment with water and organic contaminants for 6 months. This work paves the new way for developing mechanically robust and contamination-resistant AR coating for polymeric substrates.

Xiaodong Wang; Huiyue Zhao; Yixuan Su; Chen Zhang; Chen Feng; Qun Liu; Jun Shen. Low-Temperature Preparation of Mechanically Robust and Contamination-Resistant Antireflective Coatings for Flexible Polymeric Glasses via Embedding of Silica Nanoparticles and HMDS Modification. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2019, 11, 37084 -37093.

Xiaodong Wang, Huiyue Zhao, Yixuan Su, Chen Zhang, Chen Feng, Qun Liu, Jun Shen. Low-Temperature Preparation of Mechanically Robust and Contamination-Resistant Antireflective Coatings for Flexible Polymeric Glasses via Embedding of Silica Nanoparticles and HMDS Modification. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2019; 11 (40):37084-37093.

Xiaodong Wang; Huiyue Zhao; Yixuan Su; Chen Zhang; Chen Feng; Qun Liu; Jun Shen. 2019. "Low-Temperature Preparation of Mechanically Robust and Contamination-Resistant Antireflective Coatings for Flexible Polymeric Glasses via Embedding of Silica Nanoparticles and HMDS Modification." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 11, no. 40: 37084-37093.

Resilient, fire-retardant and mechanically strong polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane (PI-PVPMS) composite aerogels have been prepared via stepwise chemical liquid deposition (SCLD). The synthesis is based on the formation of PI-PVPMS crosslinked network structure with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS) as a coupling agent to provide reactive sites on the backbone. We successfully realize the PI in-situ growth on the whole super-flexible PVPMS gel skeleton with this simple method. The effect of APTMS amount and deposition time on the properties of final samples is deeply investigated. The resultant PI-PVPMS composite aerogels show excellent mechanical and thermal properties. They can support at least 10,000 times of their own weight and can recover 20% from a 60% of compressive strain, with an elastic modulus of 32 MPa. For thermal performance, they can maintain their structural integrity after being subjected to the alcohol lamp outer flame of around 650 °C for 30 min. These results together with the simple synthesis process demonstrate the potential for construction materials using PI-PVPMS composite aerogels. Furthermore, the SCLD synthesis method could also be applied to prepare other composite aerogels, especially for those containing complex polymer.

Ze Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Guoqing Zu; Kazuyoshi Kanamori; Kazuki Nakanishi; Jun Shen. Resilient, fire-retardant and mechanically strong polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane composite aerogel prepared via stepwise chemical liquid deposition. Materials & Design 2019, 183, 108096 .

Ze Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Guoqing Zu, Kazuyoshi Kanamori, Kazuki Nakanishi, Jun Shen. Resilient, fire-retardant and mechanically strong polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane composite aerogel prepared via stepwise chemical liquid deposition. Materials & Design. 2019; 183 ():108096.

Ze Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Guoqing Zu; Kazuyoshi Kanamori; Kazuki Nakanishi; Jun Shen. 2019. "Resilient, fire-retardant and mechanically strong polyimide-polyvinylpolymethylsiloxane composite aerogel prepared via stepwise chemical liquid deposition." Materials & Design 183, no. : 108096.

Wenbing Zou; Xiaodong Wang; Yongqiang Yang; Yu Wu; Guoqing Zu; Liping Zou; Jun Shen. Cover Image. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 2019, 50, 1 .

Wenbing Zou, Xiaodong Wang, Yongqiang Yang, Yu Wu, Guoqing Zu, Liping Zou, Jun Shen. Cover Image. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy. 2019; 50 (10):1.

Wenbing Zou; Xiaodong Wang; Yongqiang Yang; Yu Wu; Guoqing Zu; Liping Zou; Jun Shen. 2019. "Cover Image." Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 50, no. 10: 1.

Wenbing Zou; Xiaodong Wang; Yongqiang Yang; Yu Wu; Guoqing Zu; Liping Zou; Jun Shen. Porous alumina aerogel with tunable pore structure for facile, ultrasensitive, and reproducible SERS platform. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 2019, 50, 1429 -1437.

Wenbing Zou, Xiaodong Wang, Yongqiang Yang, Yu Wu, Guoqing Zu, Liping Zou, Jun Shen. Porous alumina aerogel with tunable pore structure for facile, ultrasensitive, and reproducible SERS platform. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy. 2019; 50 (10):1429-1437.

Wenbing Zou; Xiaodong Wang; Yongqiang Yang; Yu Wu; Guoqing Zu; Liping Zou; Jun Shen. 2019. "Porous alumina aerogel with tunable pore structure for facile, ultrasensitive, and reproducible SERS platform." Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 50, no. 10: 1429-1437.

Carbon aerogel (CA) has a rich porous structure, in which micropores and mesopores provide a huge specific surface area to form electric double layers. This property can be applied to the application of capacitive deionization (CDI). The adsorption effect of CA electrode on Cu2+ in an aqueous solution was explored for solving heavy metal water pollution. The CAs were synthesized by a sol-gel process using an atmospheric drying method. The structure of CAs was characterized by scanning in an electron microscope (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption techniques. The adsorption system was built using Cu2+ solution as the simulation of heavy metal pollution solution. The control variate method was used to investigate the effect of the anion species in copper solution, the molar ratio of resorcinol to catalyst (R/C) of CA, and the applied voltage and concentration of copper ion on the adsorption results.

Ziling Cao; Chen Zhang; Zhuoxin Yang; Qing Qin; Zhihua Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Jun Shen. Preparation of Carbon Aerogel Electrode for Electrosorption of Copper Ions in Aqueous Solution. Materials 2019, 12, 1864 .

Ziling Cao, Chen Zhang, Zhuoxin Yang, Qing Qin, Zhihua Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Jun Shen. Preparation of Carbon Aerogel Electrode for Electrosorption of Copper Ions in Aqueous Solution. Materials. 2019; 12 (11):1864.

Ziling Cao; Chen Zhang; Zhuoxin Yang; Qing Qin; Zhihua Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Jun Shen. 2019. "Preparation of Carbon Aerogel Electrode for Electrosorption of Copper Ions in Aqueous Solution." Materials 12, no. 11: 1864.

Polyurea (PUA) aerogel is a kind of advanced material with excellent thermal and mechanical properties. In this paper, uniform and highly cross-linked PUA aerogels are synthesized at ambient temperature, 0 °C and -20 °C respectively. Solid content and synthesis temperature of the aerogels were as the main factors of the study. Synthesis temperature can regulate the solubility of monomers in solution, thereby reducing the size of particles and causing more contacts between the particles to form the fibers of polymers. It’s resulted that the microstructure of PUA aerogels becomes more uniform. Meanwhile the specific surface area and pore volume of the materials increase correspondingly. The linear shrinkage, bulk density and thermal conductivity are also improved. PUA aerogel synthesized at -20 °C has the largest specific surface area of 240 m2/g, the highest pore volume of 1.13 cm3/g, the lowest linear shrinkage of 5.67±0.05% and the density of 0.084±0.001 g/cm3. In addition, the PUA aerogel has a low thermal conductivity of 0.0192±0.0002 W/(m·K) with the density of 0.109±0.003 g/cm3.

Xueling Wu; Yu Wu; Wenbing Zou; Xiaodong Wang; Ai Du; Zhihua Zhang; Jun Shen. Synthesis of highly cross-linked uniform polyurea aerogels. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 2019, 151, 8 -14.

Xueling Wu, Yu Wu, Wenbing Zou, Xiaodong Wang, Ai Du, Zhihua Zhang, Jun Shen. Synthesis of highly cross-linked uniform polyurea aerogels. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids. 2019; 151 ():8-14.

Xueling Wu; Yu Wu; Wenbing Zou; Xiaodong Wang; Ai Du; Zhihua Zhang; Jun Shen. 2019. "Synthesis of highly cross-linked uniform polyurea aerogels." The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 151, no. : 8-14.

Carbon monoxide (CO) has long been recognized as a metabolic waste and toxic gas and is also the most common asphyxiating poison that seriously endangers human health. Thus, an adsorption material with high CO adsorption capability is urgently needed. In this study, carbon xerogels (CXs) doped with CuCl were prepared via a sol–gel method and a facile soaking process. The CuCl-doped CXs show the highest CO adsorption capacity of 12.04 cc/g, which is much higher than those of the undoped CXs and activated carbon. Such a high adsorption capacity of the CuCl-doped CXs is not only because of their high porosity but also because of the chemical adsorption induced by CuCl. Moreover, these CuCl-doped CXs exhibit high desorption rate (∼79%), which is beneficial for repeatability.

Qiong Zhu; Xiaodong Wang; Dong Chen; Xueling Wu; Chen Zhang; Wenbing Zou; Jun Shen. Highly Porous Carbon Xerogels Doped with Cuprous Chloride for Effective CO Adsorption. ACS Omega 2019, 4, 6138 -6143.

Qiong Zhu, Xiaodong Wang, Dong Chen, Xueling Wu, Chen Zhang, Wenbing Zou, Jun Shen. Highly Porous Carbon Xerogels Doped with Cuprous Chloride for Effective CO Adsorption. ACS Omega. 2019; 4 (4):6138-6143.

Qiong Zhu; Xiaodong Wang; Dong Chen; Xueling Wu; Chen Zhang; Wenbing Zou; Jun Shen. 2019. "Highly Porous Carbon Xerogels Doped with Cuprous Chloride for Effective CO Adsorption." ACS Omega 4, no. 4: 6138-6143.

Carbon aerogels (CAs) with different microstructure were prepared via ambient pressure drying for capacitive deionization (CDI) of NaCl solution. The activated CAs exhibit a hierarchical porous structure, whose micro-, meso- and macropore size distribution can be varied with the molar ratio of resorcinol to catalyst (R/C). Desalination experiments illustrate that CA electrode with R/C of 200 shows the maximum salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of 10.34 mg/g at a working voltage of 1.5 V. It is found that electrosorption capacity of CA electrodes dose not only depend on the micro-porosity for large surface area but also the mesopores who provide transport channels. A positive-negative alternate adsorption (PNAA) method by alternating the polarity of voltage applied on the electrodes was developed to enhance the desalination capacity. The ultimate SAC of CA electrode with R/C of 200 is 25.45 mg/g, which is more than twice of the adsorption amount for the single adsorption. This method makes full use of the pores of the CAs and provides a further enhancing capacity for CA CDI.

Chen Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Hongqiang Wang; Xueling Wu; Jun Shen. A positive-negative alternate adsorption effect for capacitive deionization in nano-porous carbon aerogel electrodes to enhance desalination capacity. Desalination 2019, 458, 45 -53.

Chen Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Hongqiang Wang, Xueling Wu, Jun Shen. A positive-negative alternate adsorption effect for capacitive deionization in nano-porous carbon aerogel electrodes to enhance desalination capacity. Desalination. 2019; 458 ():45-53.

Chen Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Hongqiang Wang; Xueling Wu; Jun Shen. 2019. "A positive-negative alternate adsorption effect for capacitive deionization in nano-porous carbon aerogel electrodes to enhance desalination capacity." Desalination 458, no. : 45-53.

Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology possessing excellent desalination performance and energy efficiency is currently being widely studied in seawater desalination. In this work, the graphene–composite carbon aerogels (GCCAs) easily prepared by an ambient pressure drying method served as electrodes to remove salt ions in aqueous solution by CDI. The microstructure of the obtained GCCAs was found to depend on the component content in the precursor solution, and could be controlled through varying the mass ratio of resorcinol and formaldehyde to graphene oxide (RF/GO). The surface characteristics and microstructure of GCCAs were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the electrochemical tests and CDI experiments of GCCA electrodes were conducted in NaCl solution. Thanks to the reasonable pore structure and highly conductive network, GCCA-150 achieved the best salt adsorption capacity of 26.9 mg/g and 18.9 mg/g in NaCl solutions with concentrations of 500 mg/L and 250 mg/L, respectively.

Chen Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Hongqiang Wang; Xueling Wu; Jun Shen. Ambient Pressure-Dried Graphene–Composite Carbon Aerogel for Capacitive Deionization. Processes 2019, 7, 29 .

Chen Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Hongqiang Wang, Xueling Wu, Jun Shen. Ambient Pressure-Dried Graphene–Composite Carbon Aerogel for Capacitive Deionization. Processes. 2019; 7 (1):29.

Chen Zhang; Xiaodong Wang; Hongqiang Wang; Xueling Wu; Jun Shen. 2019. "Ambient Pressure-Dried Graphene–Composite Carbon Aerogel for Capacitive Deionization." Processes 7, no. 1: 29.