Epidural Oxycodone for Acute Pain
1
Department of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Intensive Care, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland
2
Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kuopio Campus, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
3
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Tuomas Lilius and Teijo Saari
Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15(5), 643; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15050643
Received: 20 April 2022
/
Revised: 16 May 2022
/
Accepted: 19 May 2022
/
Published: 23 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drug Candidates for Anesthesia and Analgesia)
Epidural analgesia is commonly used in labour analgesia and in postoperative pain after major surgery. It is highly effective in severe acute pain, has minimal effects on foetus and newborn, may reduce postoperative complications, and enhance patient satisfaction. In epidural analgesia, low concentrations of local anaesthetics are combined with opioids. Two opioids, morphine and sufentanil, have been approved for epidural use, but there is an interest in evaluating other opioids as well. Oxycodone is one of the most commonly used opioids in acute pain management. However, data on its use in epidural analgesia are sparse. In this narrative review, we describe the preclinical and clinical data on epidural oxycodone. Early data from the 1990s suggested that the epidural administration of oxycodone may not offer any meaningful benefits over intravenous administration, but more recent clinical data show that oxycodone has advantageous pharmacokinetics after epidural administration and that epidural administration is more efficacious than intravenous administration. Further studies are needed on the safety and efficacy of continuous epidural oxycodone administration and its use in epidural admixture.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
epidural analgesia; oxycodone; pain; postoperative; pain; acute
▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Piirainen, P.; Kokki, H.; Kokki, M. Epidural Oxycodone for Acute Pain. Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15, 643. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15050643
AMA Style
Piirainen P, Kokki H, Kokki M. Epidural Oxycodone for Acute Pain. Pharmaceuticals. 2022; 15(5):643. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15050643
Chicago/Turabian StylePiirainen, Panu, Hannu Kokki, and Merja Kokki. 2022. "Epidural Oxycodone for Acute Pain" Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 5: 643. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15050643
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
