This is a thesis that considers financial media as a special genre, but with a particular focus o... more This is a thesis that considers financial media as a special genre, but with a particular focus on its narration of China’s economic globalisation. It is also about neoliberal discourse, in which the concept of neoliberalism primarily concerns the conflict between the state and the market. Both as ideology and economic practices, neoliberalism is closely linked not only to the campaigns of economic freedom in Western societies in late the 1980s, but also, and perhaps in this thesis more importantly, to the liberalisation of markets in emerging economies that were immensely influenced by the West (Xu, 2011). But let us begin by addressing why this project tackles financial media from the perspective of its neoliberal narratives, and why it focuses on China. The answer to these questions is based on two sets of theoretical foundations that underpin the project as a whole.
The headlines texts have been deconstructed into different narrative techniques with different rh... more The headlines texts have been deconstructed into different narrative techniques with different rhetorical or ideological purposes. In this chapter, we explore how these techniques are drawn upon in reflecting and discussing the ‘big’ phenomenon of China’s economic globalization, which is a complex and multifaceted process. The chapter also examines how the media determine whether and to what extent a particular frame of the discourse is selected to represent the process of globalization; and how the media make judgments on these discourses to create and articulate a certain ideology (i.e., arguably the neo-liberal discourse). A close investigation of how the sample articles are framed could provide a useful perspective to answer these questions.
Based on Holsti’s comparative content analysis framework, the previous chapter investigated the q... more Based on Holsti’s comparative content analysis framework, the previous chapter investigated the quantitative aspects of the narrative characteristics in the first category, targeting the ‘what’ question. The question of how the narratives are produced and, crucially, how the ideologies are embedded in journalistic texts are to be revealed from a qualitative approach. Frame analysis will be employed and compose of two parts—headline narrative structure, and frame of the main texts. This chapter will explore the headline texts in their narrative construction and examine the processes of structuration of the discursive elements and their interconnectivities. Chapter 8 will continue to examine the how the texts under the narrated headlines are framed. In Chapter 9, empirical evidence (including interviews with journalists and editors from tw
This chapter attempts to select and code the narrative elements in style (6.1) and agenda-setting... more This chapter attempts to select and code the narrative elements in style (6.1) and agenda-settings (6.2-6.4), in order to test the hypothesis 1 and partly hypothesis 2, and to seek answers to the research questions in the first category of comparison (6.5). Based on the demographics of overall descriptions of the corpus described in Chapter 5, the quantitative results are primarily presented with elaborations of the operational definitions of the various units and characterization of numbers. The numerical results in this chapter contain more statistical significance to the investigation of narratives and appear to be variable-oriented by emphasizing variables and their interrelationships (Ragin, 1987: 16-17).
This chapter explains the rationale of sample collection, by constantly referring back to the pre... more This chapter explains the rationale of sample collection, by constantly referring back to the previous literature reviews of the contexts of China’s economic globalization. According to the methodological framework designed in Chapter 4, samples need to be further stratified into two categories, tailoring for different analytical purposes. Second part of the chapter (5.2) reveals how the samples present across the ten-year timeline. More specifically, the section tries to portray a holistic picture of the distributions and trends of the media coverage of three events, by comparing them with real world data from Chapter 3.
Before designing the research method, two vital issues need to be addressed based on existing lit... more Before designing the research method, two vital issues need to be addressed based on existing literatures. The first methodological issue is to define the narrative. In existing literatures of media studies, narrative construction is seldom explicitly and comprehensively explained. Thus, it is not practical to create a meaningful framework to analyze the textual materials without explaining the characteristics of narrative, and identifying a suitable measurement of narrative construction. The second issue is the justification of comparative framework and its integrated strategy of combining quantitative and qualitative approaches to measure narrative elements.
These two issues will be tackled from three main epistemological perspectives. Positivism looks to establish universal laws, akin to those of natural sciences (Gunter, 2000), based on large-scale quantitative research and deductive logic. Intepretivism uses inductive method of reasoning (Wimmer and Dominick, 2003: 109) instead of numerically defined variables. Critical social science, based on Marxist theories of class struggle, aims to ‘reveal, explain and understand power structures and relationships within society' (Gunter, 2000: 7). Conventionally, a combination of different perspectives is preferred in order to move beyond ‘entrenched dualism’ (Jensen, 2002:1).
The last section 4.4 explains specifically the essential issues before conducting analysis based on the methods. In general, the qualitative content analysis framework will be explained in detail, by deconstructing it into three analytical dimensions, and incorporating all the narrative elements mentioned before. Then, three hypotheses that will be tested have been outlined with explanations of why and how they are addressed. The last two subsections mention two more practical issues—(4.4.2) units in recording (operational definitions) and data selecting (contextual units), and (4.4.3) the justification of time frame and process/logic of collecting all relevant samples.
This chapter will introduce three main events—China’s accession into WTO, foreign IPO, and outwar... more This chapter will introduce three main events—China’s accession into WTO, foreign IPO, and outward direct investments— representing how China has been integrating its economy into the global marketplace. In the languages of economics and politics, it explains how they initiated and developed, why they can be selected, and how they reflect the media’s narrative construction of China’s economic globalisation.
This chapter aims to explore the relevant theories of globalization, neo-liberalism, and elitism ... more This chapter aims to explore the relevant theories of globalization, neo-liberalism, and elitism from the areas of political economy, and more generally, social sciences, in order to construct a deeper theoretical grounding for analysis.
In media and communication studies, only a handful of literatures have grappled the special chara... more In media and communication studies, only a handful of literatures have grappled the special characteristics of financial media, and its relationship with economic development and social changes. Therefore, the concept of financial media needs to be identified in the contexts of history (1.1.1), media production (1.1.2) and institutionalism (1.1.3). More specifically, the target cases—Economist and Caijing—will be spotted to justify their validity and significance for analyzing the neo-liberal discourses constructed by financial media. To briefly sum up, the first chapter seeks answers to three sets of questions: (1) What is financial media? (2) What are the Economist and Caijing? (3) How are they selected? And why are they comparable?
印度学者达雅·屠苏现任教于英国威斯敏斯特大学,是将国际传播的概念多向度阐释,重建,并理论化的领军人物之一。他既有国际记者的从业实践,也有扎实的历史与国际关系的知识功底。在学术研究取向上,屠苏将传... more 印度学者达雅·屠苏现任教于英国威斯敏斯特大学,是将国际传播的概念多向度阐释,重建,并理论化的领军人物之一。他既有国际记者的从业实践,也有扎实的历史与国际关系的知识功底。在学术研究取向上,屠苏将传媒与传播放置于宏观的视域,从多个维度力求打破以“全球北营”为主导的研究范式,将西方传播学整合进含括了南营话语和实践的传播研究之中。 尽管屠苏是一位高产的学者,国内除了一本广受欢迎的国际传播教材《国际传播:延续与变革》外,对他的学术研究引介相对较少。本文力求追溯和总结他的主要学术成果,拟从政治经济和文化研究两个路径做简短评述。
This is a thesis that considers financial media as a special genre, but with a particular focus o... more This is a thesis that considers financial media as a special genre, but with a particular focus on its narration of China’s economic globalisation. It is also about neoliberal discourse, in which the concept of neoliberalism primarily concerns the conflict between the state and the market. Both as ideology and economic practices, neoliberalism is closely linked not only to the campaigns of economic freedom in Western societies in late the 1980s, but also, and perhaps in this thesis more importantly, to the liberalisation of markets in emerging economies that were immensely influenced by the West (Xu, 2011). But let us begin by addressing why this project tackles financial media from the perspective of its neoliberal narratives, and why it focuses on China. The answer to these questions is based on two sets of theoretical foundations that underpin the project as a whole.
The headlines texts have been deconstructed into different narrative techniques with different rh... more The headlines texts have been deconstructed into different narrative techniques with different rhetorical or ideological purposes. In this chapter, we explore how these techniques are drawn upon in reflecting and discussing the ‘big’ phenomenon of China’s economic globalization, which is a complex and multifaceted process. The chapter also examines how the media determine whether and to what extent a particular frame of the discourse is selected to represent the process of globalization; and how the media make judgments on these discourses to create and articulate a certain ideology (i.e., arguably the neo-liberal discourse). A close investigation of how the sample articles are framed could provide a useful perspective to answer these questions.
Based on Holsti’s comparative content analysis framework, the previous chapter investigated the q... more Based on Holsti’s comparative content analysis framework, the previous chapter investigated the quantitative aspects of the narrative characteristics in the first category, targeting the ‘what’ question. The question of how the narratives are produced and, crucially, how the ideologies are embedded in journalistic texts are to be revealed from a qualitative approach. Frame analysis will be employed and compose of two parts—headline narrative structure, and frame of the main texts. This chapter will explore the headline texts in their narrative construction and examine the processes of structuration of the discursive elements and their interconnectivities. Chapter 8 will continue to examine the how the texts under the narrated headlines are framed. In Chapter 9, empirical evidence (including interviews with journalists and editors from tw
This chapter attempts to select and code the narrative elements in style (6.1) and agenda-setting... more This chapter attempts to select and code the narrative elements in style (6.1) and agenda-settings (6.2-6.4), in order to test the hypothesis 1 and partly hypothesis 2, and to seek answers to the research questions in the first category of comparison (6.5). Based on the demographics of overall descriptions of the corpus described in Chapter 5, the quantitative results are primarily presented with elaborations of the operational definitions of the various units and characterization of numbers. The numerical results in this chapter contain more statistical significance to the investigation of narratives and appear to be variable-oriented by emphasizing variables and their interrelationships (Ragin, 1987: 16-17).
This chapter explains the rationale of sample collection, by constantly referring back to the pre... more This chapter explains the rationale of sample collection, by constantly referring back to the previous literature reviews of the contexts of China’s economic globalization. According to the methodological framework designed in Chapter 4, samples need to be further stratified into two categories, tailoring for different analytical purposes. Second part of the chapter (5.2) reveals how the samples present across the ten-year timeline. More specifically, the section tries to portray a holistic picture of the distributions and trends of the media coverage of three events, by comparing them with real world data from Chapter 3.
Before designing the research method, two vital issues need to be addressed based on existing lit... more Before designing the research method, two vital issues need to be addressed based on existing literatures. The first methodological issue is to define the narrative. In existing literatures of media studies, narrative construction is seldom explicitly and comprehensively explained. Thus, it is not practical to create a meaningful framework to analyze the textual materials without explaining the characteristics of narrative, and identifying a suitable measurement of narrative construction. The second issue is the justification of comparative framework and its integrated strategy of combining quantitative and qualitative approaches to measure narrative elements.
These two issues will be tackled from three main epistemological perspectives. Positivism looks to establish universal laws, akin to those of natural sciences (Gunter, 2000), based on large-scale quantitative research and deductive logic. Intepretivism uses inductive method of reasoning (Wimmer and Dominick, 2003: 109) instead of numerically defined variables. Critical social science, based on Marxist theories of class struggle, aims to ‘reveal, explain and understand power structures and relationships within society' (Gunter, 2000: 7). Conventionally, a combination of different perspectives is preferred in order to move beyond ‘entrenched dualism’ (Jensen, 2002:1).
The last section 4.4 explains specifically the essential issues before conducting analysis based on the methods. In general, the qualitative content analysis framework will be explained in detail, by deconstructing it into three analytical dimensions, and incorporating all the narrative elements mentioned before. Then, three hypotheses that will be tested have been outlined with explanations of why and how they are addressed. The last two subsections mention two more practical issues—(4.4.2) units in recording (operational definitions) and data selecting (contextual units), and (4.4.3) the justification of time frame and process/logic of collecting all relevant samples.
This chapter will introduce three main events—China’s accession into WTO, foreign IPO, and outwar... more This chapter will introduce three main events—China’s accession into WTO, foreign IPO, and outward direct investments— representing how China has been integrating its economy into the global marketplace. In the languages of economics and politics, it explains how they initiated and developed, why they can be selected, and how they reflect the media’s narrative construction of China’s economic globalisation.
This chapter aims to explore the relevant theories of globalization, neo-liberalism, and elitism ... more This chapter aims to explore the relevant theories of globalization, neo-liberalism, and elitism from the areas of political economy, and more generally, social sciences, in order to construct a deeper theoretical grounding for analysis.
In media and communication studies, only a handful of literatures have grappled the special chara... more In media and communication studies, only a handful of literatures have grappled the special characteristics of financial media, and its relationship with economic development and social changes. Therefore, the concept of financial media needs to be identified in the contexts of history (1.1.1), media production (1.1.2) and institutionalism (1.1.3). More specifically, the target cases—Economist and Caijing—will be spotted to justify their validity and significance for analyzing the neo-liberal discourses constructed by financial media. To briefly sum up, the first chapter seeks answers to three sets of questions: (1) What is financial media? (2) What are the Economist and Caijing? (3) How are they selected? And why are they comparable?
印度学者达雅·屠苏现任教于英国威斯敏斯特大学,是将国际传播的概念多向度阐释,重建,并理论化的领军人物之一。他既有国际记者的从业实践,也有扎实的历史与国际关系的知识功底。在学术研究取向上,屠苏将传... more 印度学者达雅·屠苏现任教于英国威斯敏斯特大学,是将国际传播的概念多向度阐释,重建,并理论化的领军人物之一。他既有国际记者的从业实践,也有扎实的历史与国际关系的知识功底。在学术研究取向上,屠苏将传媒与传播放置于宏观的视域,从多个维度力求打破以“全球北营”为主导的研究范式,将西方传播学整合进含括了南营话语和实践的传播研究之中。 尽管屠苏是一位高产的学者,国内除了一本广受欢迎的国际传播教材《国际传播:延续与变革》外,对他的学术研究引介相对较少。本文力求追溯和总结他的主要学术成果,拟从政治经济和文化研究两个路径做简短评述。
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These two issues will be tackled from three main epistemological perspectives. Positivism looks to establish universal laws, akin to those of natural sciences (Gunter, 2000), based on large-scale quantitative research and deductive logic. Intepretivism uses inductive method of reasoning (Wimmer and Dominick, 2003: 109) instead of numerically defined variables. Critical social science, based on Marxist theories of class struggle, aims to ‘reveal, explain and understand power structures and relationships within society' (Gunter, 2000: 7). Conventionally, a combination of different perspectives is preferred in order to move beyond ‘entrenched dualism’ (Jensen, 2002:1).
The last section 4.4 explains specifically the essential issues before conducting analysis based on the methods. In general, the qualitative content analysis framework will be explained in detail, by deconstructing it into three analytical dimensions, and incorporating all the narrative elements mentioned before. Then, three hypotheses that will be tested have been outlined with explanations of why and how they are addressed. The last two subsections mention two more practical issues—(4.4.2) units in recording (operational definitions) and data selecting (contextual units), and (4.4.3) the justification of time frame and process/logic of collecting all relevant samples.
These two issues will be tackled from three main epistemological perspectives. Positivism looks to establish universal laws, akin to those of natural sciences (Gunter, 2000), based on large-scale quantitative research and deductive logic. Intepretivism uses inductive method of reasoning (Wimmer and Dominick, 2003: 109) instead of numerically defined variables. Critical social science, based on Marxist theories of class struggle, aims to ‘reveal, explain and understand power structures and relationships within society' (Gunter, 2000: 7). Conventionally, a combination of different perspectives is preferred in order to move beyond ‘entrenched dualism’ (Jensen, 2002:1).
The last section 4.4 explains specifically the essential issues before conducting analysis based on the methods. In general, the qualitative content analysis framework will be explained in detail, by deconstructing it into three analytical dimensions, and incorporating all the narrative elements mentioned before. Then, three hypotheses that will be tested have been outlined with explanations of why and how they are addressed. The last two subsections mention two more practical issues—(4.4.2) units in recording (operational definitions) and data selecting (contextual units), and (4.4.3) the justification of time frame and process/logic of collecting all relevant samples.