Multimorbidity, co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions, is one of the top priorities in ... more Multimorbidity, co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions, is one of the top priorities in global health research and has emerged as the gold standard approach to study disease accumulation. As aging underlies the development of many chronic conditions, surrogate aging biomarkers are not disease-specific and capture health at the whole person level, having the potential to improve our understanding of multimorbidity. Biological age has been examined in recent years as a surrogate biomarker to capture the process of aging. However, relatively few studies have investigated the relationship between biological age and multimorbidity. More research is needed to quantify biological age using a broad range of biological markers and multimorbidity based on a comprehensive set of chronic conditions. Brain age estimated by neuroimaging data and machine learning models is another surrogate aging biomarker predictive of a wide range of health outcomes. Little is known about the relationsh...
Relations between negative emodiversity (NED; the variety and relative abundance of negative emot... more Relations between negative emodiversity (NED; the variety and relative abundance of negative emotions) with depression and anxiety were examined before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Forty-five individuals (ages 25-65) participated in two ecological momentary assessments (EMA): pre-pandemic and during-pandemic (Fall, 2020). Participants reported how much they felt 6 negative emotions several times each day for 10 days (resulting up to 91 EMA “events”). Each event’s NED was computed and then averaged using an adaptation of Shannon’s entropy. Participants with higher levels of average NED had higher levels of concurrent depression and anxiety. When adjusting for average levels of negative emotion and other covariates, NED was a significant predictor of depression and anxiety only during the pandemic. These findings, which did not vary by age, suggest that having more diverse negative emotions on a moment-to-moment basis may hold greater significance for mental illness outcomes duri...
Theta-beta ratio (TBR) decreases with age and negatively predicts executive function, while theta... more Theta-beta ratio (TBR) decreases with age and negatively predicts executive function, while theta increases with age and positively predicts executive function. This registration is specific to analyses of MIDUS2 initial baseline EEG data examining the role of theta and beta to age related differences in TBRs, and the potential influence of individual differences in peak alpha power to TBRs. UPDATE 06/01/2020: A math error was discovered in the description of how the TBR measures will be calculated. We will take the ratio of Theta and Beta power first, then log-normalize the subsequent ratio.
Recent theoretical work suggests the expression of emotions may differ among Black and White Amer... more Recent theoretical work suggests the expression of emotions may differ among Black and White Americans, such that Black Americans engage more frequently in expressive suppression to regulate emotions and avoid conflict. Prior work has linked expressive suppression usage with increases in cardiovascular disease risk, suggesting that racial differences in expressive suppression usage may be one mechanism by which racism “gets under the skin” and creates heath disparities. To examine racial differences in expressive suppression and blood pressure (a measure of cardiovascular disease risk), we used data from two cohorts of Black and White Americans from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) longitudinal study (MIDUS 2, n = 271, 34.7% Black, collected from 2004-2009; MIDUS Refresher 1, n = 114, 31.6% Black, collected from 2012-2016; total N = 385, 33.9% Black). Black Americans reported engaging in expressive suppression more frequently than White Americans and showed less corrugator f...
Supplemental material, RMarkdown_Analyze_Coherence_MIDUSII for Individual Differences in the Asso... more Supplemental material, RMarkdown_Analyze_Coherence_MIDUSII for Individual Differences in the Association Between Subjective Stress and Heart Rate Are Related to Psychological and Physical Well-Being by Sasha L. Sommerfeldt, Stacey M. Schaefer, Markus Brauer, Carol D. Ryff and Richard J. Davidson in Psychological Science
Multimorbidity, co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions, is one of the top priorities in ... more Multimorbidity, co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions, is one of the top priorities in global health research and has emerged as the gold standard approach to study disease accumulation. As aging underlies the development of many chronic conditions, surrogate aging biomarkers are not disease-specific and capture health at the whole person level, having the potential to improve our understanding of multimorbidity. Biological age has been examined in recent years as a surrogate biomarker to capture the process of aging. However, relatively few studies have investigated the relationship between biological age and multimorbidity. More research is needed to quantify biological age using a broad range of biological markers and multimorbidity based on a comprehensive set of chronic conditions. Brain age estimated by neuroimaging data and machine learning models is another surrogate aging biomarker predictive of a wide range of health outcomes. Little is known about the relationsh...
Relations between negative emodiversity (NED; the variety and relative abundance of negative emot... more Relations between negative emodiversity (NED; the variety and relative abundance of negative emotions) with depression and anxiety were examined before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Forty-five individuals (ages 25-65) participated in two ecological momentary assessments (EMA): pre-pandemic and during-pandemic (Fall, 2020). Participants reported how much they felt 6 negative emotions several times each day for 10 days (resulting up to 91 EMA “events”). Each event’s NED was computed and then averaged using an adaptation of Shannon’s entropy. Participants with higher levels of average NED had higher levels of concurrent depression and anxiety. When adjusting for average levels of negative emotion and other covariates, NED was a significant predictor of depression and anxiety only during the pandemic. These findings, which did not vary by age, suggest that having more diverse negative emotions on a moment-to-moment basis may hold greater significance for mental illness outcomes duri...
Theta-beta ratio (TBR) decreases with age and negatively predicts executive function, while theta... more Theta-beta ratio (TBR) decreases with age and negatively predicts executive function, while theta increases with age and positively predicts executive function. This registration is specific to analyses of MIDUS2 initial baseline EEG data examining the role of theta and beta to age related differences in TBRs, and the potential influence of individual differences in peak alpha power to TBRs. UPDATE 06/01/2020: A math error was discovered in the description of how the TBR measures will be calculated. We will take the ratio of Theta and Beta power first, then log-normalize the subsequent ratio.
Recent theoretical work suggests the expression of emotions may differ among Black and White Amer... more Recent theoretical work suggests the expression of emotions may differ among Black and White Americans, such that Black Americans engage more frequently in expressive suppression to regulate emotions and avoid conflict. Prior work has linked expressive suppression usage with increases in cardiovascular disease risk, suggesting that racial differences in expressive suppression usage may be one mechanism by which racism “gets under the skin” and creates heath disparities. To examine racial differences in expressive suppression and blood pressure (a measure of cardiovascular disease risk), we used data from two cohorts of Black and White Americans from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) longitudinal study (MIDUS 2, n = 271, 34.7% Black, collected from 2004-2009; MIDUS Refresher 1, n = 114, 31.6% Black, collected from 2012-2016; total N = 385, 33.9% Black). Black Americans reported engaging in expressive suppression more frequently than White Americans and showed less corrugator f...
Supplemental material, RMarkdown_Analyze_Coherence_MIDUSII for Individual Differences in the Asso... more Supplemental material, RMarkdown_Analyze_Coherence_MIDUSII for Individual Differences in the Association Between Subjective Stress and Heart Rate Are Related to Psychological and Physical Well-Being by Sasha L. Sommerfeldt, Stacey M. Schaefer, Markus Brauer, Carol D. Ryff and Richard J. Davidson in Psychological Science
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