Civil Police (Brazil)

In Brazil, the Civil Police (Portuguese: Polícia Civil) is the name of the investigative state police forces.

The Civil Police are agencies of the public administration of the federative units of Brazil, whose function is, in accordance with article 144 of the Federal Constitution of 1988, the exercise of the public security for the preservation of the public order, of the safety of the people and the patrimony.

Each of the states of Brazil has its own "Civil Police Department", which carries out detective work, forensics and criminal investigation, acting as a state bureau of investigation, while the "Military Police" carries out preventive police duties.

It aims at the exercise of functions of judiciary police and the exercise of activities of administrative and security police, which are indispensable to the preservation of the juridical order, to the (promotion of the) harmonic life of the community, and to guarantee citizens' rights and liberty.

Description

The Civil Polices of Brazil had origin in the General Intendancy of Police, created in Rio de Janeiro in 1808.

Civil Police (San Marino)

The Civil Police (Italian: Corpo de Polizia Civile) founded on January 1, 1945, is one of the law enforcement organisations in San Marino, who police one of the smallest, but perhaps one of the safest countries in the world. In 2011, only one prisoner was incarcerated, making San Marino the least incarcerated country in the world. The Secretary of State of Home Affairs controls the Civil Police, who are responsible for tax collection, domestic security, traffic control, and civil defence. Currently there are around 50 police officers and civilian employees serving in the Civil Police, according to a report by the Government of San Marino. The Civil Police are required by statute to cooperate with two military units, the Gendarmerie and the Fortress Guard, who are responsible (from new regulations passed in 2008) for policing, criminal investigation, national penitentiary, changing the guard, border patrol, customs control, personal protection, and national security.