Pseudomonas leaf spot (PLS) disease in peppers caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) ... more Pseudomonas leaf spot (PLS) disease in peppers caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) is an emerging seedborne phytopathogen. Pss infection can severely reduce the marketable yield of peppers in favorable environmental conditions and cause significant economic losses. The intensive use of copper-sulfate and streptomycin-sulfate to control PLS and other bacterial diseases is associated with antimicrobial-resistant Pss strains, making these control methods less effective. So, there is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobials effective against Pss in peppers. Several studies, including those done in our laboratory, have shown that small molecule (SM) antimicrobials are ideal candidates as they can be effective against multidrug resistant bacteria. Therefore, our study aims to identify novel SM growth inhibitors of Pss, assess their safety, and evaluate their efficacy on Pss-infected pepper seeds and seedlings. Using high-throughput screening, we identified 10 SMs (PC1 to PC10) that inhibited the growth of Pss strains at 200 µM or lower concentrations. These SMs were effective against both copper- and streptomycin-resistant as well as biofilm-embedded Pss. These SMs were effective against other plant pathogens (n = 22) at low concentrations (<200 μM) and had no impact on beneficial phytobacteria (n = 12). Furthermore, these SMs showed better or equivalent antimicrobial activity against Pss in infested pepper seeds and inoculated seedlings compared with copper-sulfate (200 μM) and streptomycin (200 μg/ml). Additionally, none of the SMs were toxic to pepper tissues (seeds, seedlings, or fruits), human Caco-2 cells, and pollinator honeybees at 200 μM. Overall, the SMs identified in this study are promising alternative antimicrobials for managing PLS in pepper production.
Pseudomonas leaf spot (PLS) disease in peppers caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss),... more Pseudomonas leaf spot (PLS) disease in peppers caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss), is an emerging seed-borne phytopathogen. Pss infection can severely reduce the marketable yield of peppers in favorable environmental conditions and cause significant economic losses. The intensive use of copper-sulfate and streptomycin-sulfate to control PLS and other bacterial diseases is associated with antimicrobial-resistant-Pss strains, making these control methods less effective. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobials effective against Pss in peppers. Several studies, including those done in our laboratory, have shown that small molecule (SM) antimicrobials are ideal candidates as they can be effective against multi-drug resistant bacteria. Therefore, our study aims to identify novel SM growth inhibitors of Pss, assess their safety, and evaluate their efficacy on Pss-infected pepper seeds and seedlings. Using high throughput screening we identified 10 SMs ...
Understanding the functional role of bacterial genes in the persistent of Salmonella in plant org... more Understanding the functional role of bacterial genes in the persistent of Salmonella in plant organs can facilitate the development of agricultural practices to mitigate food safety risks associated with the consumption of fresh produce contaminated with Salmonella. Our study showed that Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium (strain MDD14) persisted less in inoculated tomato plants than other S. Typhimurium strains tested (JSG210, JSG626, JSG634, JSG637, JSG3444, and EV030415; P<0.01). In vitro assays performed in limited-nutrient conditions (growth rate, biofilm production and motility) were inconclusive in explaining the in planta phenotype observed with MDD14. Whole genome sequencing combined with non-synonymous single nucleotide variations (nsSNVs) analysis was performed to identify genomic differences between MDD14 and the other S. Typhimurium strains. The genome of MDD14 contained a truncated version (123 bp N-terminal) of yicC and a mutated version of rp...
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes colibacillosis in avian species, and recent repor... more Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes colibacillosis in avian species, and recent reports have suggested APEC as a potential foodborne zoonotic pathogen. Herein, we discuss the virulence and pathogenesis factors of APEC, review the zoonotic potential, provide the current status of antibiotic resistance and progress in vaccine development, and summarize the alternative control measures being investigated. In addition to the known virulence factors, several other factors including quorum sensing system, secretion systems, two-component systems, transcriptional regulators, and genes associated with metabolism also contribute to APEC pathogenesis. The clear understanding of these factors will help in developing new effective treatments. The APEC isolates (particularly belonging to ST95 and ST131 or O1, O2, and O18) have genetic similarities and commonalities in virulence genes with human uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) and abilities to cause...
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a subgroup of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExP... more Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a subgroup of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and considered a foodborne zoonotic pathogen transmitted through consumption of contaminated poultry products. APEC shares genetic similarities with human ExPECs, including uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC).
Pseudomonas leaf spot (PLS) disease in peppers caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) ... more Pseudomonas leaf spot (PLS) disease in peppers caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) is an emerging seedborne phytopathogen. Pss infection can severely reduce the marketable yield of peppers in favorable environmental conditions and cause significant economic losses. The intensive use of copper-sulfate and streptomycin-sulfate to control PLS and other bacterial diseases is associated with antimicrobial-resistant Pss strains, making these control methods less effective. So, there is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobials effective against Pss in peppers. Several studies, including those done in our laboratory, have shown that small molecule (SM) antimicrobials are ideal candidates as they can be effective against multidrug resistant bacteria. Therefore, our study aims to identify novel SM growth inhibitors of Pss, assess their safety, and evaluate their efficacy on Pss-infected pepper seeds and seedlings. Using high-throughput screening, we identified 10 SMs (PC1 to PC10) that inhibited the growth of Pss strains at 200 µM or lower concentrations. These SMs were effective against both copper- and streptomycin-resistant as well as biofilm-embedded Pss. These SMs were effective against other plant pathogens (n = 22) at low concentrations (&lt;200 μM) and had no impact on beneficial phytobacteria (n = 12). Furthermore, these SMs showed better or equivalent antimicrobial activity against Pss in infested pepper seeds and inoculated seedlings compared with copper-sulfate (200 μM) and streptomycin (200 μg/ml). Additionally, none of the SMs were toxic to pepper tissues (seeds, seedlings, or fruits), human Caco-2 cells, and pollinator honeybees at 200 μM. Overall, the SMs identified in this study are promising alternative antimicrobials for managing PLS in pepper production.
Pseudomonas leaf spot (PLS) disease in peppers caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss),... more Pseudomonas leaf spot (PLS) disease in peppers caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss), is an emerging seed-borne phytopathogen. Pss infection can severely reduce the marketable yield of peppers in favorable environmental conditions and cause significant economic losses. The intensive use of copper-sulfate and streptomycin-sulfate to control PLS and other bacterial diseases is associated with antimicrobial-resistant-Pss strains, making these control methods less effective. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobials effective against Pss in peppers. Several studies, including those done in our laboratory, have shown that small molecule (SM) antimicrobials are ideal candidates as they can be effective against multi-drug resistant bacteria. Therefore, our study aims to identify novel SM growth inhibitors of Pss, assess their safety, and evaluate their efficacy on Pss-infected pepper seeds and seedlings. Using high throughput screening we identified 10 SMs ...
Understanding the functional role of bacterial genes in the persistent of Salmonella in plant org... more Understanding the functional role of bacterial genes in the persistent of Salmonella in plant organs can facilitate the development of agricultural practices to mitigate food safety risks associated with the consumption of fresh produce contaminated with Salmonella. Our study showed that Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium (strain MDD14) persisted less in inoculated tomato plants than other S. Typhimurium strains tested (JSG210, JSG626, JSG634, JSG637, JSG3444, and EV030415; P<0.01). In vitro assays performed in limited-nutrient conditions (growth rate, biofilm production and motility) were inconclusive in explaining the in planta phenotype observed with MDD14. Whole genome sequencing combined with non-synonymous single nucleotide variations (nsSNVs) analysis was performed to identify genomic differences between MDD14 and the other S. Typhimurium strains. The genome of MDD14 contained a truncated version (123 bp N-terminal) of yicC and a mutated version of rp...
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes colibacillosis in avian species, and recent repor... more Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes colibacillosis in avian species, and recent reports have suggested APEC as a potential foodborne zoonotic pathogen. Herein, we discuss the virulence and pathogenesis factors of APEC, review the zoonotic potential, provide the current status of antibiotic resistance and progress in vaccine development, and summarize the alternative control measures being investigated. In addition to the known virulence factors, several other factors including quorum sensing system, secretion systems, two-component systems, transcriptional regulators, and genes associated with metabolism also contribute to APEC pathogenesis. The clear understanding of these factors will help in developing new effective treatments. The APEC isolates (particularly belonging to ST95 and ST131 or O1, O2, and O18) have genetic similarities and commonalities in virulence genes with human uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) and abilities to cause...
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a subgroup of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExP... more Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a subgroup of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and considered a foodborne zoonotic pathogen transmitted through consumption of contaminated poultry products. APEC shares genetic similarities with human ExPECs, including uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC).
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