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Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
Numerical Modeling of Iceberg Capsizing Responsible for Glacial EarthquakesCommunications Earth & Environment
A glacier–ocean interaction model for tsunami genesis due to iceberg calvingGlaciers calving icebergs into the ocean significantly contribute to sea-level rise and can trigger tsunamis, posing severe hazards for coastal regions. Computational modeling of such multiphase processes is a great challenge involving complex solid–fluid interactions. Here, a new continuum damage Material Point Method has been developed to model dynamic glacier fracture under the combined effects of gravity and buoyancy, as well as the subsequent propagation of tsunami-like waves induced by released icebergs. We reproduce the main features of tsunamis obtained in laboratory experiments as well as calving characteristics, the iceberg size, tsunami amplitude and wave speed measured at Eqip Sermia, an ocean-terminating outlet glacier of the Greenland ice sheet. Our hybrid approach constitutes important progress towards the modeling of solid–fluid interactions, and has the potential to contribute to refining empirical calving laws used in large-scale earth-system models as well as to i...
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Reverse glacier motion during iceberg calving and the cause of glacial earthquakes2015 •
Nearly half of Greenland's mass loss occurs through iceberg calving, but the physical mechanisms operating during calving are poorly known and in situ observations are sparse. We show that calving at Greenland's Helheim Glacier causes a minutes-long reversal of the glacier's horizontal flow and a downward deflection of its terminus. The reverse motion results from the horizontal force caused by iceberg capsize and acceleration away from the glacier front. The downward motion results from a hydrodynamic pressure drop behind the capsizing berg, which also causes an upward force on the solid Earth. These forces are the source of glacial earthquakes, globally detectable seismic events whose proper interpretation will allow remote sensing of calving processes occurring at increasing numbers of outlet glaciers in Greenland and Antarctica.
The Cryosphere
Sensitivity of a calving glacier to ice–ocean interactions under climate change: new insights from a 3-D full-Stokes modelGeophysical Research Letters
On the role of buoyant flexure in glacier calving2016 •
Interactions between glaciers and the ocean are key for understanding the dynamics of the cryosphere in the climate system. Here we investigate the role of hydrostatic forces in glacier calving. We develop a mathematical model to account for the elastic deformation of glaciers in response to three effects: (i) marine and lake‐terminating glaciers tend to enter water with a nonzero slope, resulting in upward flexure around the grounding line; (ii) horizontal pressure imbalances at the terminus are known to cause hydrostatic in‐plane stresses and downward acting torque; (iii) submerged ice protrusions at the glacier front may induce additional buoyancy forces that can cause calving. Our model provides theoretical estimates of the importance of each effect and suggests geometric and material conditions under which a given glacier will calve from hydrostatic flexure. We find good agreement with observations. This work sheds light on the intricate processes involved in glacier calving an...
Annals of Glaciology
The response of a glacier to a surface disturbance: a case study on Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland2000 •
In the course of a tremendous outburst flood (jökulhlaup) following the subglacial eruption in Vatnajökull, Iceland, in October 1996, a depression in the surface of the ice cap was created as a result of ice melting from the walls of a subglacial tunnel. The surface depression was initially approximately 6 km long, 800 m wide and 100 m deep. This ˚canyon" represents a significant perturbation in the geometry of the ice cap in this area where the total ice thickness is about 200–400 m. We present results of repeated measurements of flow velocities and elevation changes in the vicinity of the canyon made over a period of about 2 years. The measurements show a reduction in the depth of the canyon and a concomitant decrease in surface flow towards it over time. By calculating the transient evolution of idealized surface depressions using both analytical zeroth- and first-order theories, as well as the shallow-ice approximation (SIA) and a finite-element model incorporating all the ...
Journal of Glaciology
First-Order Stresses and Deformations in Glaciers and Ice SheetsIn this article the distribution of stress and velocities in glaciers and ice sheets is reinvestigated. We first derive the general equations governing non-linear viscous flow under plane deformations and formulate the relevant boundary conditions, including, in particular, a proper treatment of the accumulation–ablation mechanism. It is then shown how the emerging set of non-linear equations for the established boundary-value problem can be separated into a system covering steady-state problems on the one hand, and transient, time-dependent processes on the other hand. This separation is performed under the assumption that steady-state stresses are larger than the corresponding transient counterparts, suggesting a linearization of the transient equations with regard to the stresses. The steady-state equations are then analysed for the special case of an infinitely long, nearly parallel-sided slab. With the assumption that bottom undulations are small as compared to the glacier thic...
The Cryosphere Discussions
Sensitivity of calving glaciers to ice-ocean interactions under climate change: New insights from a 3D full-Stokes modelAcademia Green Energy
Modeling carbon dioxide emissions in power plants: a perspective on smart cities and low-carbon economy2024 •
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research
Work Readiness Of Technical Vocational Livelihood - Home Economics Graduates2021 •
Abdul Haiy A. Sali
Rethinking Distance Education In Covid-19 Pandemic: Perspectives On Education Equity In The 'New Normal'2020 •
Topics in Gestalt Therapy Kindle/Kobo series
Post-Truth: The World Therapy Made!International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics
WATER SOLUBLE CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE FOR THE EFFECTIVE DELIVERY OF LIPOPHILIC DRUGS: A REVIEWDead Sea Discoveries
Ancient Tales of Giants from Qumran and Turfan: Contexts, Traditions,and Influences , edited by Matthew Goff, Loren T. Stuckenbruck, and Enrico Morano2018 •
Criminal Law Forum vol. 30, issue 2
IMMUNITY OF HEADS OF STATE AND SENIOR STATE OFFICIALS FROM SUBPOENAS AND WITNESS SUMMONSES2019 •
REBRAE
Challenges to cooperative societies: implementation of international standards of accounting CPC 012017 •
2022 •
Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University Scientific Bulletin. Series: Biological Sciences
Initiation of Basidioma Formation of Rare and Medicinal Macromycetes in Pure Culture2019 •
Archives of current research international
Design of Pedal Powered Atta Chakki Based on Engineering Properties of Selected Food Grains2024 •
Journal of The Electrochemical Society
Degradation of SOFC Anodes upon Redox Cycling: A Comparison Between Ni/YSZ and Ni/CGO2010 •
Environment, Development and Sustainability
A holistic sustainability assessment of organic (certified and non-certified) and non-organic smallholder farms in Kenya2021 •