Asthma is a complex trait which is influenced by environmental and genetic factors. In a recent genome-wide association study on asthma in European subjects, novel associations were reported between 17q21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and childhood asthma. We performed an association study with the ten SNPs that showed the strongest association in a French-Canadian asthmatic familial collection. Family-based association tests revealed significant associations for eight SNPs (0.005 < P < 0.017) and for two haplotypes (P = 0.0004 and 0.002), confirming the 17q21 as an asthma locus.

Chromosome 17q12-21 remains the most highly replicated and significant asthma locus. Genotypes in the core region defined by the first genome-wide association study correlate with expression of 2 genes, ORM1-like 3 (ORMDL3) and gasdermin B (GSDMB), making these prime candidate asthma genes, although recent studies have implicated gasdermin A (GSDMA) distal to and post-GPI attachment to proteins 3 (PGAP3) proximal to the core region as independent loci. We review 10 years of studies on the 17q12-21 locus and suggest that genotype-specific risks for asthma at the proximal and distal loci are not specific to early-onset asthma and mediated by PGAP3, ORMDL3, and/or GSDMA expression. We propose that the weak and inconsistent associations of 17q single nucleotide polymorphisms with asthma in African Americans is due to the high frequency of some 17q alleles, the breakdown of linkage disequilibrium on African-derived chromosomes, and possibly different early-life asthma endotypes in these ...

One of the most influential heavenly messages in the history of humanity has been the Quran. The revelation received by Prophet Muhammad contains many references to intelligent beings from outside our world, including jinn, angels and God himself. This webinar discusses how extraterrestrial intelligence has been understood from an Islamic perspective.

ZusammenfassungJe nach Diabetesform und -therapie sollen alle Menschen mit Diabetes eine individuelle ernährungsmedizinische Beratung und Schulung durch Fachpersonal erhalten. Im Vordergrund sollte eine patientinnen- und patientenzentrierte, individualisierte Beratung stehen, angepasst an die jeweiligen Bedürfnisse und Lebensumstände der Menschen mit Diabetes. Neben der Unterstützung zur Umsetzung einer ausgewogenen Ernährung gilt es, gemeinsam mit Patient:innen individuelle Stoffwechselziele und Gewichtsziele zu definieren, um mithilfe der Ernährung den Krankheitsverlauf positiv zu beeinflussen und mögliche Spätfolgen zu vermeiden. Dabei sollten vor allem praxisbezogene Empfehlungen unter Berücksichtigung der persönlichen Nahrungsmittel-Präferenzen ausgesprochen werden und Hilfsmittel zur Planung von geeigneten Portionsgrößen und der geeigneten Mahlzeitenzusammenstellung zum Einsatz kommen. Entsprechend aktueller internationaler und nationaler Standards sollen Menschen mit Diabetes...