The Critical Role of Journal Selection in Scholarly Publishing: A Search for Journal Options in Language-related Research Areas and Disciplines

The Critical Role of Journal Selection in Scholarly Publishing: A Search for Journal Options in Language-related Research Areas and Disciplines Hacer Hande Uysal uysalhande@yahoo.com Suggested Citation: Uysal, H. H. (2012). The critical role of journal selection in scholarly publishing: A search for journal options in language-related research areas and disciplines. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 8 (1), 50-95. Abstract Problem statement: With the globalization in academia, pressures on academics to publish internationally have been increasing all over the world. However, participating in global scientific communication through publishing in well-regarded international journals is a very challenging and daunting task particularly for nonnative speaker (NNS) scholars. Recent research has pointed out both linguistic and nonlinguistic factors behind the challenges facing NNS scholars in their attempts to publish internationally. Journal selection is suggested to be one of these critical determinants on the way to publication. Purpose of the study: The aim of this article, therefore, is to offer some suggestions about the journal selection process and to provide potential international journal options for especially newcomers to the field and the off-networked peripheral academics who may have limited access to journals. Method: First a framework is offered as guidance for the major points to be considered before deciding for a journal for manuscript subscription. Then, as a result of a search in major international databases, 17 tables are formed consisting international journal options according to their coverage by certain international indexes and according to their focus of interest in specific research areas in the disciplines of language education, applied linguistics, and linguistics. Conclusion: It is hoped that these suggestions and the compiled lists of available journals on specific topics would provide help for especially newcomers to the field and the off-networked peripheral academics who may have limited access to journals in language education and related fields while trying to publish internationally. Key words: Scholarly publishing, journal selection, language education, academic journals, writing for publication Introduction The Western academic philosophy of ‘publish or perish’ is spreading all around the world with the globalization in academia and the increasing desire of peripheral countries to participate in the global scientific knowledge-making as a means to technological and economic development. Thus, in many parts of the world, nation states have been adopting policies raising publication criteria and demanding high-quality international publications from scholars for academic promotions and even from graduate students as graduation requirement (Braine, 2005; Curry & Lillis, 2004; Duzsak & Lewkowicz, 2008; Li, 2007). Consequently, academics in various corners of the world have been recently experiencing an increasing pressure to publish internationally to find a job, to be promoted to a higher rank, to share knowledge and experiences with colleagues around the globe, and to contribute to their field by advancing the current scientific knowledge. Besides these global trends and pressures surrounding academics in general, publishing internationally has become more important than ever in language education field as well. Casanave and Vandrick (2003) emphasizes that it is critical for professionals in language education to do research and publish not only to secure their job or academic position, but also “to grow professionally and intellectually to share their ideas with peers and become better teachers through the reflective and critical processes of writing for a public readership” (p. 1). Scholars further highlighted the importance of international publications by nonnative speaker (NNS) language professionals suggesting that their unique perspectives and experiences in their own local contexts are needed by the core scientific community since the knowledge flow in the field has been mostly unidirectional so far —from center to periphery (Canagarajah, 1996; Flowerdew, 2000, 2001; Uzuner, 2008; Widdowson, 1994). As Flowerdew (2001) puts forth “periphery perspectives may provide both valuable alternative theories of their own and healthy questioning of theories and approaches already prevailing in the center” (p. 122). More specifically, NNS researchers may contribute to the scientific knowledge-making by “testing theories of the dominant center,” “investigating the issues that might not occur to researchers in the center or investigating these issues in different ways using different data,” and “accessing to research cites where native speakers (NSs) would be intrusive” (p. 127). Nevertheless, many language educators were found to “resist the challenge of preparing work for possible publication……thinking that only accomplished insiders can get into print” (Casanave & Vandrick, 2003, p. 1). In addition, as trying to get published internationally is a long, difficult and tiresome process involving many frustrations and rejections, many language educators avoid this “ego threatening” process “feeling intimidated” (p. 1). The situation becomes even more complicated for NNS scholars as they often need to overcome more challenges and disappointments than do their NS counterparts on the way to publish in international venues. Especially in the discipline of English language teaching (ELT), historically a hegemonic structure has been formed in which ‘theoretical constructs’ and ‘pedagogical practices’ have been largely constructed by the NS center-based literature, which often disrespected and excluded the theories and experiences of peripheral NNS ELT professionals (Canagarajah, 1996, p. 74). Having been discouraged by this hegemonic structure and marginalization, many NNS scholars have developed further resistance towards publishing in international mainstream journals (Canagarajah, 1996). However, it is also worth mentioning that the problems of NNS scholars have been increasingly recognized by the core discourse community. Thus, many recent studies have focused on finding the specific reasons behind the limited participation of NNS scholars in global scientific communication and revealed various linguistic and nonlinguistic challenges facing peripheral NNS scholars. Linguistic, rhetorical, and stylistic problems leading possible rejections by journals were indicated as lack of an argument, textual organization or rhetorical stance (Belcher, 2007; Swales, 1990; Flowerdew, 1999, 2001; Hewings, 2006), structuring of the introduction and discussion sections, and parochialism 1 (Flowerdew, 2001; Swales, 1990). Major nonlinguistic factors, on the other hand, were being educated and socialized in peripheral academic cultures devaluing scientific research and publication (Canagarajah, 2002; SalagerMeyer, 2008), limited material resources, time restrictions, and being ‘off-networked’ (Belcher, 2007; Canagarajah, 1996, 2002; Curry & Lillis¸ 2010). Besides these factors, simply choosing the wrong journal or submitting work without becoming familiarized with the target journal’s “focal area or usual topics of interest,” failing to understand the journal expectations such as “the expected level of research design and research writing expertise” or the expected level of the sophistication in language use also often result in rejection (Belcher, 2007, p. 15). The aim of this article, therefore, is to offer some information and suggestions about the journal selection process and to provide potential international journal options for especially newcomers to the field and the off-networked peripheral academics who may have limited access to journals. The main focus of this article is on journal selection because selecting the right journal that matches the topic and features of the submitted manuscript is an important first step that may increase chances for acceptance by well-respected international journals. Thus, this 1 Parochialism is failing to show relevance of the study to the international community. article first offers a framework by discussing the major points to be considered before deciding for a journal for manuscript submission. Then, 17 tables consisting of the compiled lists of available international journals are presented according to their coverage by certain international indexes and according to their focus of interest in specific research areas in the disciplines of language education, applied linguistics, and linguistics. The Journal Selection Process—the Critical Path to Scholarly Publication Among various types of publications, a refereed ‘journal article’ is considered one of the most preferable in academia due to its high visibility, credibility, and prestige. An international journal article is often accessed easily, especially if it is available electronically. As the most important reason for scholars to publish (or should be) is to advance scientific knowledge in the field or to enhance practices by communicating research or experiences with colleagues, publishing in journals indexed by international databases would help reaching the target audience, joining the networks or groups with similar research interests, and being cited more frequently (Thompson, 2007). A refereed journal article also weighs more than other types of publications in academic hiring and promotion decisions in most disciplines; thus, publishing in refereed international journals would also serve such instrumental purposes. To be able to publish in a good journal, however, a careful and strategic approach is needed both while deciding for a target journal and while preparing the manuscript to meet the target journal’s specific requirements. Belcher (2009) suggests that deciding for a journal even before starting a study is a much more effective strategy than trying to search for a journal with a finished article. Therefore, journal selection should be made very carefully by considering various factors right from the start to make correct choices. Although the general advice is to start from a top-ranked journal, Belcher (2009) asserts this is not a good advice. As one cannot submit an article to more than one journal at a time due to ethical reasons and because the review process may take up to twelve months in international journals, submitting to a high impact journal with a possible high rejection-rate can cause serious delays putting the article at risk of becoming outdated (Belcher, 2009, p. 102; Knight & Steinbach, 2008). However, submitting a manuscript to a first-tier journal also has a significant advantage since such journals generally provide the most detailed and valuable feedback, which may help the author further improve the manuscript (Klinger, Scanlon, & Pressley, 2005; Murray, 2005). Examining the recently published articles in the target top-ranked journal and comparing them with the manuscript in hand in terms of the quality of reasoning, the level of the contribution, and the sophistication of the writing style may help the author decide whether or not to submit the work to a top-ranked journal (Klinger et al., 2005). Nevertheless, a better strategy would be to find the most appropriate journal for the work; thus, before submission one should first seriously study the potential journals. Before starting studying the journals; yet, a framework or model for guidance in the journal selection process is needed. An analysis of previous literature in terms of suggestions for the journal selection and submission process reveals some major points to be considered before submitting a manuscript (Belcher, 2009; Klinger et al., 2005; Knight & Steinbach, 2008; Thompson, 2007). These considerations can be summarized as follows: 1. whether the journal is peer-reviewed 2. the scope and aims of the journal (e.g. narrow, broad, how well it matches our topic) 3. the contexts the journal appeals (e.g. whether it only accepts articles from a certain region whether it appeals to national or international audience) 4. typical readership (e.g. researchers, practitioners, or policy makers…) 5. methodology preferences (e.g. quantitative, qualitative…) 6. credibility and prestige of the journal, impact factor, likelihood of acceptance 7. visibility, journal accessibility 8. publishing frequency, the speed of the editorial process 9. stylistic factors such as the word/page limit… First, the target journal should be examined to make sure it is a peer-reviewed journal which sends manuscripts for a blind review where the reviewers evaluate the article without knowing the name of the author. Especially young scholars who pursue an academic career and intend to use this publication for hiring or promotion decisions should be very careful about this point as the peer-review mechanism is a widely acknowledged method for academic quality assurance. However, many journals are not peer-reviewed; for example, society and conference proceedings, such as ‘Procedia’ publish papers presented in a conference, and these proceedings are often not peer-reviewed and frequently even not edited (Belcher, 2009). Hence, even if these journals are covered by prestigious databases such as Web of Science or Scopus, it should be noted that the articles published in such journals would not be considered as “a refereed article,” and thus would have a lower status due to the lack of the peer-review process. Similarly, trade and professional journals or newsletters, which publish articles on only the technical or practical aspects of certain areas, are also generally not peer-reviewed (Belcher, 2009). Nevertheless, there are also refereed academic journals focusing on pedagogical applications of language research such as ELT journal or College Composition and Communication and these refereed prestigious journals should not be mistaken for non peer-reviewed trade/professional journals or newsletters. After ensuring that the journal is peer-reviewed, the aims and scope of the journal should be studied as the target journal should be relevant to our research topic. Some journals have a wider scope targeting more general topics such as Second Language Research while others target more specialized research topics such as Journal of Pragmatics. It is always a good idea to scan the past issues of the journal or at least read the abstracts of the previously published articles to see the main topics preferred by the journal. It may be particularly helpful to understand the dominant issues and recent discussions throughout the issues of the journal to be able to find a space or niche to fill or to find issues or conventions in this journal to argue for or against, which may make our article more interesting and appealing to the journal readers (Murray, 2005). If the information presented by the journal about the aims and scope is not clear, sending a letter and asking the editor whether he/she might be interested in the topic of our research might be a good strategy. It is also important to know the contexts the journal appeals. It should be searched whether the journal has a regional, national, or international focus (Knight & Steinbach, 2008). While some journals accept articles from all around the world such as International Journal of Applied Linguistics others accept articles only from a certain region such as English in Australia. In addition, some journals may have some geographical bias and are only interested in research conducted in certain contexts. For example, Journal of Teacher Education generally prefers research from the US context; thus, research reflecting a teaching situation in Iran would not appeal to the readers of Journal of Teacher Education. Instead, Teaching and Teacher Education might be a better option. Again looking at previously published articles and the geographical affiliations of the editorial board members of the journals can give an idea about the internationality of the journal. Another very important thing to consider is the readership of the journal. Since scientific academic discourse is a situated activity (Bhatia, 2002; Widdowson, 2007) and the acceptance of an article mostly depends on the readers such as editors and the peer reviewers who are members of a certain discourse community, a critical factor to be considered is the typical readers of the journal. The first question to be answered is to whom we are writing for because what may be boring or common knowledge for one journal may be very interesting for another, or a problematic methodology for one journal may be seen as a creative novel approach for another. Thus, one should be familiar with the audience, their general thoughts and assumptions about the topic of research and what they find interesting because in order to get published, there should be something new to say to the readers or to add to the already existing dialogue in a specific journal (Davis, 1971 cited in Murray, 2005; Klinger et al., 2005). Finding similar papers in the target journal and citing them would also help as it demonstrates that the present work is connected and relevant with what has already been published in that journal and how the paper takes the issue one step further (Murray, 2005). It is also necessary to pay attention to the methodology preferences of the target journal. Historically, second language acquisition and applied linguistics research have generally followed the empiricist research paradigm; thus, quantitative research always had a higher chance to be accepted by language journals than did the qualitative research (Davis, 1995). Even at present, despite the recent increase in interest in qualitative research, the proportion of qualitative studies is still low in most second language and linguistics journals (Navidinia, 2010). Aside from possible prejudice and bias against the legitimacy of qualitative research in general, the way qualitative research is written and reported was also claimed to be related with the higher rejection rate of qualitative research (Stenius, Makela, Miovsky, & Gabrhelik, 2008). Although there is a conventional standard format to follow in quantitative research-reporting, qualitative research is conducted and reported in various non-standard forms putting special demands on the editor and the reviewers while evaluating it (Stenius et al., 2008). Qualitative research, thus, needs higher skills in writing in terms of the quality of argumentation, objectivity, and the clarity of language. Therefore, before sending a manuscript to a journal, it should be checked whether the target journal publishes articles with similar methodologies. For example, sending an ethnographic research study about adult literacy experiences in a specific social context to Modern Language Journal or Studies in Second Language Acquisition would probably result in rejection despite the quality of research. Instead, TESOL Quarterly or Written Communication would be better options as they are more welcoming to qualitative research. As the main goal is to publish in the best possible journal that fits the research and writing quality of our work, we should pay attention to the indicators regarding the credibility and prestige of the journal in the field especially if we have important and significant research findings to share (Klinger et al, 2005). Several factors such as high impact factor, the reputation of editorial board members and reviewers, the publisher, and low acceptance rate are generally recognized as signs of a well-respected journal. Impact factor of a journal represents the ratio of the number of citations for the articles in that journal during the previous two years divided by the number of articles published in the journal (Dong, Loh, & Mondry, 2005). High impact factor of the journal is important because it is assumed that a paper published in such a journal is good quality with some international significance and has higher chances for being read and cited (Garfield, 2003). Being covered by international indexes such as ISI database (SCI, SSCI, AHCI) has also become an international standard indicator of the quality of journals as such indexes accept journals upon some criteria of selection (Garfield, 2003). In addition, the reputations and affiliations of the editor, editorial board members, reviewers, and the publisher (e.g. Elsevier, Springer, Cambridge, Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell…..) as well as the lower acceptance rate can also give an idea about the quality of the journal. For example, a study on the quality of TESOL and Applied Linguistics journals ranked the top journals in the field considering various factors (Egbert, 2007). Not surprisingly, the top-ranked journals found were also high-impact journals with low acceptance rates. These top journals were Applied Linguistics with 5-20% acceptance rate, ELT Journal (Oxford) with 10% acceptance rate, Journal of Second Language Writing with 15% acceptance rate, Language Learning with 15-18% acceptance rate, Studies in Second Language Acquisition with 10-20% acceptance rate, and TESOL Quarterly with 8.5% acceptance rate (Egbert, 2007, p. 168). The visibility and accessibility of the journal is also a critical factor to consider as the main goal of publishing is to disseminate our research as wider audience as possible. For example, if a journal is covered by multiple international databases such as ISI web of knowledge, ERIC, Educational Index, MLA, Scopus; if it is available online; if it is available in university libraries; and if the cost of subscription to this journal is reasonable, the journal is likely to have higher visibility and accessibility which would increase chances to reach the intended audience (Knight & Steinbach, 2008). Publishing frequency and the speed of the editorial process are also important considerations. There is generally a higher possibility to publish in a journal which publishes 4 issues per year than in a journal which publishes only 1 issue a year. As for the publication time, it generally takes two or three years to publish after submission in international journals, which means around four or five years of commitment including the research and writing periods (Belcher, 2009). However, some journals have longer waiting time than the others. The turnaround time (wait time before getting accepted) is often a bigger problem than the backlogs (wait time after getting accepted) since accepted papers can be posted online before print or at least an acceptance letter may be provided (Belcher, 2009). Therefore, if possible information about the speed of the review process and the estimated publication time should be obtained before submission. Finally, reading the “instructions to authors” part and closely following the specific instructions for authors would help understanding about the journal. Sometimes not paying attention to small details may destroy the credibility of the author right from the start. Therefore, before submitting the paper, one should double check to make sure the manuscript conforms to the journal requirements related to fonts, headlines, margins, line spacing, word count, APA style, grammar and spelling mistakes, and also whether the in-text citations match the reference list as such style violations may annoy some editors and reviewers (Klinger et al., 2005). Journal Options in Language-Related Research Areas and Disciplines According to Knight and Steinbach (2008), before the most appropriate journal can be selected, a list of potential journals must be identified (p. 61). Therefore, in this article it is aimed to provide a list of the possible journal options for scholars in the field. In order to do that, first a search was performed in search engines such as Google and major indexing databases such as ISI web of knowledge, ERIC, British Education Index, Education Index, Australian Education index, MLA, Linguistics Abstracts for journals publishing articles on language-related topics. Then, 17 tables were formed under two major categories according to their breadth of scope: Field-specific journals and discipline-specific journals (Belcher, 2009). In each table, the compiled lists of available international journal options were presented according to their coverage by certain international indexes and according to their focus of interest in specific research areas in the disciplines of language education, applied linguistics, and linguistics. In the following sections, first, field-specific journals, which have a more narrow focus, are presented according to their topic of interests (Table 1 to 13), and then the sub-disciplinary and disciplinary journals are given (Table 14-17). The journals are shown alphabetically in a rank of status according to their coverage by international indexes such as Social Science Citation Index (SSCI), Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), British Education Index (BEI), Australian Education Index (AEI), Education Index (EI), and the ‘other’ category including other indexes in the field such as MLA or Linguistics Abstracts; however, if a journal is indexed by SSCI, the other indexes covering the journal were not given. In some cases the same journal is placed under different related topics more than once. While categorizing the journals under SSCI, the top 25% journals in terms of impact factor were grouped as A, the second 25% as B, the third 40% as C, and the last 10% as D based on Journal Citation Reports (TUBITAK-ULAKBIM, 2012). Field/Area Journals Field specific journals are the journals that publish work in a particular field of a discipline such as language testing or reading in a second/foreign language. Publishing in field journals requires deeper expertise and higher familiarity with the recent issues in that particular field. Publishing in such venues may provide opportunities for networking with researchers working in a specific field, and thus raises chances to be cited by them (Belcher, 2009). The following 13 tables include lists of field/area journals: Table 1. Teacher Education Journals Journal Name ACTION RESEARCH ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TEACHER EDUCATION EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TEACHER EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL OF TEACHER EDUCATION LANGUAGE TEACHING RESEARCH TEACHING AND TEACHER EDUCATION Action in Teacher Education Australian Journal of Teacher Education Contemporary Issues in Technology & Teacher Education Educational Action Research Innovations in Education and Teaching International Instructor International Journal of Practical Experiences in Professional Education International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education Issues in Teacher Education Issues of Teaching and Learning Journal of College Teaching and Learning Journal of Education for Teaching Journal of Educators online Journal of Technology and Teacher Education Journal of the Scholarship in Teaching and Learning Journal on Excellence on College Teaching Learning and Teaching New Directions for Teaching and Learning New Educator Professional Development in Education Professional Educator Radical Teacher Reading Teacher Studying Teacher Education Teacher Development Teacher Education Quarterly Teacher Education and Practice Teacher Educator Teacher Magazine Teacher Trainer Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice Teaching Education Teaching in Higher Education English Language Teacher Education and Development Journal International Journal of Research in Teacher Education Teacher Education and Development The Language Teacher Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (C) SSCI (C) SSCI (C) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (C) SSCI (A) ERIC, EI AEI, ERIC EI, ERIC BEI, ERIC ERIC ERIC AEI ERIC ERIC, EI AEI ERIC BEI, ERIC, EI ERIC EI, ERIC ERIC ERIC EI, ERIC, AEI EI, ERIC EI, ERIC BEI, ERIC EI, ERIC EI ERIC BEI, ERIC ERIC, BEI ERIC, EI ERIC ERIC, EI EI BEI ERIC, BEI EI, ERIC BEI, ERIC Other Other Other Other Table 2. Reading/Literacy Journals Journal Name JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT & ADULT LITERACY JOURNAL OF LITERACY RESEARCH JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN READING LITERACY READING RESEARCH QUARTERLY READING TEACHER READING AND WRITING SCIENTIFIC STUDIES OF READING Australian Journal of Language and Literacy Journal of College Reading and Learning Journal of Reading Journal of Reading Behavior Journal of Reading Education Literacy Research and Instruction Literacy Teaching and Learning Perspectives on Language and Literacy Reading and Writing Quarterly Reading in a Foreign Language Reading Horizons Reading Improvement Reading Matrix Reading Research and Instruction Reading Teacher Reading World Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (B) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (C) SSCI (D) SSCI (A) AEI EI, ERIC EI EI EI ERIC, EI ERIC EI ERIC, AEI ERIC, EI EI, ERIC EI, ERIC ERIC EI ERIC EI Table 3. Writing/Literacy Journals Journal Name COLLEGE COMPOSITION & COMMUNICATION JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT & ADULT LITERACY JOURNAL OF LITERACY RESEARCH JOURNAL OF SECOND LANGUAGE WRITING LITERACY READING AND WRITING RHETORIC REVIEW RHETORICA RHETORIC SOCIETY QUARTERLY WRITTEN COMMUNICATION Adult Basic Education and Literacy Adult Literacy and Basic Education Assessing Writing Australian Journal of Language and Literacy Computers and Composition: An International Journal for Teachers of Writing Composition Studies Issues in Writing Journal of Basic Writing Journal of Technical Writing & Communication Literacy Research and Instruction Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (D) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) EI, ERIC EI ERIC AEI EI ERIC EI ERIC, EI ERIC ERIC, EI Perspectives on Language and Literacy Reading and Writing Quarterly Technical Writing Teacher Writing Center Journal Writing Instructor Writing on the Edge Academic Writing: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Communication across the Curriculum Journal of Academic Writing Journal of Advanced Composition Journal of Teaching Writing Journal of Writing Research Language and Literacy Education Literacy Teaching and Learning Writing Forum Written Language & Literacy Writing & Pedagogy EI ERIC, AEI EI ERIC ERIC, EI EI Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Table 4. Discourse Journals Journal Name ARGUMENTATION DISCOURSE AND SOCIETY DISCOURSE PROCESSES DISCOURSE STUDIES DISCOURSE AND COMMUNICATION TEXT & TALK: An Interdisciplinary Journal For The Study Of Discourse TEXT & KRITIK TEXT & PERFORMANCE QUARTERLY TEXTUAL PRACTICE Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education Journal of Multicultural Discourses Advances in Discourse Process Analyzing Texts Classroom Discourse Corpus and Discourse Corpora Corpus Critical Approaches to Discourse Analysis across Disciplines Critical Discourse Studies Language and Discourse Multicultural Discourses Study of Discourse Text: An Interdisciplinary Journal Text and Context Textual Cultures Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (B) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) ERIC, BEI, AEI BEI Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Table 5. Pragmatics Journals Journal Name INTERCULTURAL PRAGMATICS JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL PRAGMATICS JOURNAL OF POLITENESS RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PRAGMATICS METAPHOR & SYMBOL PRAGMATICS PRAGMATICS & COGNITION International Review of Pragmatics Lodz Papers in Pragmatics Pragmatics and Beyond Semantics & Pragmatics Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) Other Other Other Other Table 6. Semantics Journals Journal Name INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON SEMANTIC WEB & INFORMATION SYST. JOURNAL OF LITERARY SEMANTICS JOURNAL OF SEMANTICS JOURNAL OF WEB SEMANTICS NATURAL LANGUAGE SEMANTICS SYNTAX & SEMANTICS International Journal of Semantic Computing Journal of Biomedical Semantics Journal on Data Semantics Semantic Web Journal Semantics & Pragmatics Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (C) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) Other Other Other Other Other Table 7. Morphology & Syntax Journals Journal Name INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY SYNTAX SYNTAX & SEMANTICS The Journal of Historical Syntax Syntaxis Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (C) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) Other Other Table 8. Phonetics and Phonology Journals Journal Name CLINICAL LINGUISTICS & PHONETICS JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ASSOCIATION JOURNAL OF PHONETICS PHONETICA PHONOLOGY Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) Table 9. Psycholinguistics & Neurolinguistics Journals Journal Name APPLIED PSYCHOLINGUISTICS BILINGUALISM: LANGUAGE AND COGNITION BRAIN AND COGNITION BRAIN AND LANGUAGE COGNITION COGNITION & INSTRUCTION COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS COGNITIVE SCIENCE: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, LINGUISTICS, NEUROSCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY, PSYCHOLOGY LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES JOURNAL OF MEMORY AND LANGUAGE JOURNAL OF NEUROLINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC RESEARCH LEARNING AND MEMORY MIND AND LANGUAGE MIND BRAIN AND EDUCATION METACOGNITION AND LEARNING Cognitive Linguistics Research Review of Cognitive Linguistics Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (C) SSCI (C) Other Other Table 10. Sociolinguistics Journals Journal Name JOURNAL OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF MULTILINGUAL AND MULTICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT LANGUAGE IN SOCIETY Sociolinguistic Studies Sociolinguistics International Journal of Multicultural Societies International Sociolinguistics Perspectives International Journal of the Sociology of Language T Abstracting/ Indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) Other Other Other Other Other Table 11. Language Planning/Policy Journals Journal Name EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS EDUCATIONAL POLICY JOURNAL OF EDUCATION POLICY JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE AND POLITICS JOURNAL OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS KEDI JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL POLICY LANGUAGE POLICY LANGUAGE PROBLEMS AND LANGUAGE PLANNING Current Issues in Language Planning Educational Research for Policy and Practice International Journal of Education Policy and Leadership Abstracting/ indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (C) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) ERIC ERIC, EI, AEI ERIC International Journal of Educational Policy, Research and Practice Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies Journal of Educational Research and Policy Studies EI EI ERIC Table 12. Computer & Technology Journals Journal Name AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY COMPUTER ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING COMPUTERS AND EDUCATION DISTANCE EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY ETR & D–EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-SUPPORTED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING INTERNET AND HIGHER EDUCATION JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL COMPUTING RESEARCH LANGUAGE LEARNING & TECHNOLOGY RECALL TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY Australian Educational Computing Australian Journal of Educational Technology Computers and Composition: An International Journal for Teachers of Writing Contemporary Issues in Technology & Teacher Education Design and Technology Education: An International Journal Digital culture & Education Education and Information Technologies Educational Communication and Technology Educational Computer Magazine Educational Technology Educational Technology, Research Development Ejist: E-journal of Instructional Science and Technology E-learning and Digital Media Electronic Journal of e-learning ICT in Education Inform Information Technology, Education, and Society International Journal of Distance Education Technologies International Journal of Education and Development Using Information and Communication Technology International Journal on e-Learning International Journal of Learning Technology Internet and Schools Journal of Computer-based Instruction Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia Journal of Educational Technology and Society Journal of Educational Technology Systems Journal of Instructional Science and Technology Abstracting/ indexing SSCI (C) SSCI A SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (C) SSCI (A) SSCI (C) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (C) AEI AEI EI EI, ERIC BEI AEI BEI EI EI EI EI AEI ERIC EI, ERIC AEI AEI AEI ERIC EI EI, ERIC BEI EI EI ERIC EI EI AEI Journal of Interactive Instruction Development Journal of Interactive Online Learning Journal of Online Learning Journal of Research on Technology in Education Journal of Technology and Teacher Education Journal of Technology, Learning and Assessment Journal of Technology Studies Kairos: A Journal of Rhetoric, Technology, and Pedagogy Learning and Leading with Technology Learning Media & Technology Online Classroom Multicultural Education and Technology Multimedia, Internet and Schools Research in Learning Technology Technology and Learning Technology, Knowledge, and Learning Technology, Pedagogy, and Education Tech Trends: Linking Research and Practice to Improve Learning Language and Computers Language and Internet EI EI EI EI, ERIC EI, ERIC ERIC EI ERIC ERIC, EI BEI, ERIC EI ERIC EI BEI, ERIC EI ERIC BEI, ERIC ERIC Other Other Table 13. Assessment/Testing/Evaluation Journals Journal Name Abstracting/ indexing EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION & POLICY ANALYSIS LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT QUARTERLY LANGUAGE TESTING ASSESSMENT ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION Assessing Writing Assessment for Effective Intervention Assessment in Education Educational Assessment Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability Educational Research and Evaluation International Journal of Testing Journal of Technology, Learning, and Assessment Melbourne Papers in Language Testing New Directions for Testing and Measurement Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation Studies in Educational Evaluation Studies in Learning, Evaluation, Innovation and Development Studies in Research : Evaluation, Impact and Training SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (C) SSCI (C) ERIC, EI ERIC BEI, ERIC EI, ERIC ERIC BEI ERIC ERIC AEI EI EI, ERIC EI AEI AEI Disciplinary/Sub-disciplinary Journals Besides specific field or area journals, there are also disciplinary journals with a more general scope. These journals are extremely difficult to publish in as the number of submissions received is very high which results in higher rejection rate (Belcher, 2009). Second, these journals accept submissions that appeal to a more diverse audience compared to field journals, thus the articles should have a broader focus and a clearer, more detailed, and sophisticated writing. Generally, these journals are also conservative not accepting totally new ideas (Belcher, 2009). The following 4 tables consist of disciplinary or sub-disciplinary journals: Table 14. ELT Journals (Sub-disciplinary journals) Journal Name COLLEGE ENGLISH ENGLISH ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS ELT JOURNAL (Oxford) ENGLISH STUDIES ENGLISH TEACHING: PRACTICE & CRITIQUE ENGLISH WORLD-WIDE JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LINGUISTICS WORLD ENGLISHES ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES TESOL QUARTERLY RESEARCH IN THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH ENGLISH IN AUSTRALIA CATESOL Journal Changing English English Education English Journal English in Education English Teaching Forum International Journal of English Studies Journal of English for Academic Purposes Lingua Franca Prospect: A journal of Australian TESOL Teaching English in the Two-Year College TESL-EJ TESL Canada Journal TESOL in Context TESOL Journal Use of English Asian EFL Journal Asian ESP Journal Asian Journal of English Language Teaching College ESL: A Journal of Theory and Practice in TESL English Language Teaching Journal ESP across Cultures Journal of Reflections on English Language Teaching Journal of English as an International Language Journal of English and Foreign Languages New Zealand English Journal Reflections on English Language Teaching Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses Revista de Filolgia Inglesia Speaking English TESL Reporter TESOLANZ Journal Abstracting/ indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B)) SSCI (C) ERIC BEI EI, ERIC ERIC, EI BEI ERIC ERIC ERIC,BEI, AEI, EI EI AEI EI, ERIC ERIC, EI ERIC, EI ERIC, AEI ERIC, EI BEI Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Table 15. Applied Linguistics Journals (Disciplinary Journals) Journal Name ANNUAL REVIEW OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS APPLIED LINGUISTICS APPLIED PSYCOLINGUISTICS VIAL VIGO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS Australian Review of Applied Linguistics Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics Indian Journal of Applied Linguistics International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching (IRAL) Applied Linguistic Review International Journal of Applied Linguistics Issues in Applied Linguistics Issues and Developments in English and Applied Linguistics (IDEAL) Journal of Applied Linguistics Modern Journal of Applied Linguistics New Zealand Studies in Applied Linguistics Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics Abstracting/ indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) ERIC ERIC ERIC BEI, ERIC, EI Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Table 16. Language & Language Education/Acquisition Journals (Disciplinary journals) Journal Name ACROSS LANGUAGES AND CULTURES BILINGUALISM, LANGUAGE AND COGNITION BRAIN AND LANGUAGE CANADIAN MODERN LANGUAGE REVIEW COLLEGE LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL FOREIGN LANGUAGE ANNALS FORUM FOR MODERN LANGUAGE STUDIES FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BILINGUALISM INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BILINGUAL EDUCATION AND BILINGUALISM JOURNAL OF CHILD LANGUAGE JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE, IDENTITY AND EDUCATION JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY JOURNAL OF MULTILINGUAL AND MULTICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT LANGUAGE LANGUAGE ACQUISITION LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION LANGUAGE AND EDUCATION LANGUAGE AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS LANGUAGE AND SPEECH LANGUAGE AWARENESS LANGUAGE, CULTURE AND CURRICULUM LANGUAGE IN SOCIETY LANGUAGE LEARNING LANGUAGE MATTERS LANGUAGE SCIENCES Abstracting/ indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (B) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) LANGUAGE TEACHING LANGUAGE TEACHING RESEARCH LANGUAGE VARIATION AND CHANGE LINGUA MIND & LANGUAGE MODERN LANGUAGE JOURNAL MODERN LANGUAGE REVIEW MODERN LANGUAGE QUARTERLY MULTILINGUA PORTA LINGUARUM RESEARCH ON LANGUAGE AND SOCIAL INTERACTION SECOND LANGUAGE RESEARCH STUDIES IN LANGUAGE STUDIES IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION SYSTEM Applied Language Learning Bilingual Research Journal Bilingual Review Critical Inquiry in Language Studies: An International Journal Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism International Multilingual Research Journal Journal of Academic Language and Learning Journal of the Imagination in Language Learning and Teaching Language and Speech Language and Education Language Issues Language Learning Journal Learning Languages RELC Journal Teaching Language through Literature Word Matters American Language Review Asia Pacific Journal of Language in Education CLIC: Crossroads of Language, Interaction and Culture e-FLT: Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching Foreign Language Teaching Research Gender and Language Impact: Studies in Language and Society International Journal of Language, Society, and Culture International Journal of Language Studies Journal of Language and Linguistics Studies Journal of Language Teaching and Learning Language, Interaction and Acquisition Language Learning and Development Language and Style: An International Journal Language in India Language, Learning and Development Language Quarterly Language, Power, and Social Process Language Research Language Research Bulletin Language Resources and Evaluation SSCI (A) SSCI (C) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) ERIC ERIC, EI ERIC, EI ERIC BEI ERIC ERIC AEI EI ERIC ERIC BEI, BEI, ERIC ERIC ERIC EI BEI Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Language, Society and Culture Logic, Language and Information JALT Journal of Second Language Teaching and Research Nawa: Journal of Language and Communication Novitas Royal (Research on Youth and Language) Research in Language Second Language Studies Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Table 17. Linguistics Journals (Disciplinary journals) Journal Name AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF LINGUISTICS CANADIAN JOURNAL OF LINGUISTICS COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS CORPUS LINGUISTICS AND LINGUISTICS THEORY ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS FOLIA LINGUISTICA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AMERICAN LINGUISTICS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CORPUS LINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF AFRICAN LANGUAGES AND LINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF CHINESE LANGUAGES AND LINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE GERMANIC LINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF EAST ASIAN LINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF GERMANIC LINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF LINGUISTICS JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE LINGUISTICS LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS LINGUA LINGUISTICA PRAGENSIA LINGUISTICA URALICA LINGUISTICS LINGUISTIC INQUIRY LINGUISTICS AND PHILOSOPHY NATURAL LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTIC THEORY NORDIC JOURNAL OF LINGUISTICS OCEANIC LINGUISTICS PORTA LINGUARUM POZNAN STUDIES OF CONTEMPORARY LINGUISTICS ROMANIAN REVIEW OF LINGUISTICS RLA-REVISTA DE LINGUISTICA TEORICA Y APLICADA RUSSIAN LINGUISTICS SOUTHERN AFRICAN LINGUISTICS AND APPLIED LANGUAGE STUDIES STUDIA LINGUISTICA THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS Linguistics and Education Buckingham Journal of Language and Linguistics Geolinguistics Indian Journal of Linguistics International Journal of English Linguistics Iranian Journal of Linguistics Abstracting/ indexing SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (D) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) SSCI (A) EI, ERIC Other Other Other Other Other Journal of Language and Linguistics Studies Linguistic Discovery Linguistic Insight: Studies in Language and Communication Linguistics Journal Linguistic Review 3L: Southeast Journal of Language, Linguistics, Literature Topics in English Linguistics Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Conclusion As stated before the process of publishing internationally involves various challenges and problems particularly for peripheral NNS language professionals. This often leads NNS scholars to face higher frequencies of rejections by international journals leading to resistance and avoidance of scholarly publishing internationally, which in turn restrains the integration of their valuable perspectives, theories, and practices into the mainstream knowledge-construction in the field. Nonetheless, despite these difficulties encountered by NNS language professionals, a recent study reported that increasing number of articles by off-networked NNS authors have managed to find a place in top-ranked applied linguistics journals on condition that they make use of the feedback they receive, persist, keep revising and continue resubmitting their work until they meet journal expectations (Belcher, 2007) or find the right journal instead of becoming overwhelmed by rejections and harsh criticisms. Therefore, the scholars in language education field should be encouraged to publish internationally so that they could participate in the international disciplinary community and contribute to the mainstream academic knowledge making. In an attempt to provide help for scholars in the field and facilitate their process of publishing internationally, this article intended to offer assistance mainly in terms of the journal selection process, which is considered to include critical decisions to be made because as Belcher (2009) states “one of the main reasons an article is rejected is that it did not meet that particular journal’s requirements” (p. 102). Hence, this article provided some suggestions regarding journal selection that could be used as a framework of guidance both before deciding for the most appropriate journal for the manuscript in hand and while preparing the article to meet the requirements of the selected journal. In addition, several lists of journal options were provided to help confused scholars save time in their search for the ‘best-fit journal’ more quickly. However, any journal selected from the lists should be studied carefully based on the framework provided in order to make sure the journal is the most appropriate one for the manuscript and what specific steps should be followed to meet the journal’s requirements. It is hoped that these suggestions and the listed journal options would contribute to the language professionals’ or scholars’ future endeavors in international publishing processes. Hacer Hande Uysal is currently an assistant professor at Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. She received her master’s degree on English Education and her Ph.D. in Foreign Language/ESL Education from The University of Iowa, U.S.A. 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