Foundations of Linguistics

Foundations*of*Linguistics! ! LING!201/ANTH!203! Fall!2011! T/Th!1:0032:15,!White!Hall!111! ! Instructor:!! ! ! ! ! ! ! Professor!Benjamin!Hary! ! ! ! ! Department!of!Middle!Eastern!and!South!Asian!! ! !!!!!Studies!and!the!Program!in!Linguistics! S309!Callaway!Center! ! ! ! ! ! Tel.:!404372737942;!Fax:!404372732133! ! ! E%mail:!benjamin.hary@emory.edu!! ! ! Office,Hours:!Th!3:0034:00!and!by!appointment! ! ! Teaching*Assistant:!! ! ! Student*Assistant:! ! ! ! ! Ms.!Claire!Laville! ! ! ! Mr.!Wes!Smith! ! ! Department!of!English! ! ! The!Program!in!Linguistics! E%mail:!clavill@emory.edu! ! ! E%mail:!rwsmit4@emory.edu! ! Office,Hours:!Tu!10–12!@!Jazzman’s! Office,Hours:!Wed!3–5!@!Jazzman’s! ! Description:*What!is!“language”!and!how!do!world!languages!differ?!How!do!linguists! investigate!the!basic!structures!of!languages?! This!course!is!an!introduction!to!the!systematic!study!of!human!language,!emphasizing!the! fundamentals!of!descriptive!linguistics.!We!will!examine!the!speech!sounds!that!are!used! (the!field!of!phonetics),!the!sound!system!of!languages!(phonology),!the!ways!in!which! sounds!form!words!(morphology),!the!structures!behind!the!ordering!of!words!in!sentences! (syntax),!how!languages!express!meaning!(semantics),!and!how!context!influences!the! interpretation!of!meaning!(pragmatics).!Additional!topics!include!historical!linguistics,! language!typology,!corpus!linguistics,!sociolinguistics!and!multilingualism.!Running!themes! in!the!course!include!what!language!can!tell!us!about!broader!issues!of!human! communication,!as!well!as!what!it!can!tell!us!about!the!nature!of!mind,!culture,!and!society.! The!course!features!occasional!guest!lectures!by!Emory!faculty!from!different!departments! who!are!affiliated!with!the!Program!in!Linguistics.!The!course!is!a!core!course!for!the! Linguistics!Major!and!Minor!and!the!joint!Linguistics3Psychology!Major,!and!should!be!of! interest!to!students!in!many!fields,!for!example:!anthropology,!business,!education,!English,! foreign!languages,!international!studies,!philosophy,!psychology,!religion!and!sociology.! ! Goals:*By!the!end!of!this!course,!you!will!be!able!to!recognize!and!analyze!human!sounds,! constructions!of!words!and!sentences!and!have!other!skills!in!linguistics.!You!will!also!gain! a!general!knowledge!about!the!different!branches!of!linguistics!and!an!understanding!of! how!linguists!work.!You!will!also!be!prepared!for!more!advanced!courses!in!linguistics.! ! LING 201/ANTH 203 2 Required*Texts:! O’Grady,!Archibald,!Aronoff!and!Rees3Miller.!2010.!Contemporary,Linguistics:,An, Introduction.!Sixth!Edition.!New!York:!Bedford/St.!Martin’s!Press.! Study!Guide!for!Contemporary,Linguistics.! * Reserved*Texts!(on!reserve!at!Woodruff!Library):! Crystal,!David.!2010.!The,Cambridge,Encyclopedia,of,Language.!Third!edition.!Cambridge:! Cambridge!University!Press.! Finegan,!Edward.,1994.!Language:,Its,Structure,and,Use.!Fort!Worth,!TX:!Harcourt!Brace.! Fromkin,!Rodman!and!Hyams.!2003.!An,Introduction,to,Language.!Boston:!Thomson.! Additional!readings!will!be!placed!on!reserve!as!needed.! ! General*Information! ! • No!knowledge!of!any!specific!language!is!required.!No!prerequisite.!All!students!are! expected!to!attend!class!regularly!and!participate!in!class!discussions!and! activities.!They!are!also!expected!to!attend!a!few!out3of3class!activities!such!as!films! and!lectures.! • Students!can!earn!extra!credit!by!attending!and!providing!one3page!summaries!of! events!sponsored!by!the!Program!in!Linguistics.!Opportunities!for!extra!credit!will! be!announced!throughout!the!semester.! • Class!sessions!usually!combine!lectures!and!discussions!with!group*work!on! linguistic!problem!sets.!Students!are!expected!to!do!the!readings!before!the!class,! and!to!come!prepared!to!discuss!them.! • There!will!be!regular!graded!and!written!assignments,!which!will!be!turned!in! through!BlackBoard!before!the!session!begins!(for!a!list!of!assignments!see!below).! Students!are!expected!to!check!BlackBoard!daily!for!updates!on!assignments.! Homework!assignments!may!not!be!turned!in!late.!Grading!will!be!posted!regularly! on!BlackBoard.!The!two!lowest!homework!grades!will!be!dropped.! • In!the!framework!of!sociolinguistics,!we!at!times!analyze!taboo!words!that!may! seem!inappropriate.!Remember,!this!is!not!done!to!offend!anybody!but!to!analyze! important!linguistic!phenomena.! • This!syllabus!is!subject!to!change!at!the!discretion!of!the!instructor.! ! Composition*of*Final*Grade! ! ! ! ! Class!participation/preparation! 20%! ! ! ! Assignments! ! ! ! 20%! ! ! ! Quizzes!(3)! ! ! ! 30%! ! ! ! Final!Exam! ! ! ! 30%! ! ! FINAL*EXAM*DATE:!Thursday,!December!8,!4:3037:00! ! Absence:!Attendance!in!class!is!required.!Absences!can!be!excused!for!medical!reasons! (with!a!note!from!your!doctor!or!health!service),!or!for!participation!in!official!school! LING 201/ANTH 203 3 functions!(with!a!note!from!the!Dean).!Three!(3)!unexcused!absences!will!lower!your!final! grade!by!one3half!letter!grade;!six!unexcused!absences!will!lower!your!grade!by!one!full! letter,!and!so!forth.! ! Cell*Phones!must!be!turned!off!before!entering!the!classroom.!Please!NO!TEXTING!in!class.! You!may!use!a!computer!in!class.!If!you!so!choose,!out!of!respect!to!your!fellow!classmates,! please!sit!in!the!back!so!as!not!to!disturb!others.!You!may!not!be!on!the!Internet!or!on! Facebook!and!the!like.! ! Honor*Code:*The!Emory!College!Honor!Code!is!in!force!at!all!times!in!this!class.! See*http://college.emory.edu/home/academic/policy/honor_code.html!(esp.*Article*4)* * * Preliminary*Schedule:! (Updates!on!reading!and!assignments!may!be!provided!throughout!the!semester!in!class;! the!assignments!and!readings!are!due!the!day!on!which!they!are!listed!on!the!syllabus)! ! ! Thursday,!August!25! Course!objectives!and!requirements.! What*is*Linguistics?* Creativity,!Equality,!Generality!and!Mutability!of!Languages,! The!Disciplines!of!Linguistics,! language/dialect/ethnolect/religiolect/idiolect! ! Tuesday,!August!30! Film:!“Do!You!Speak!American?”!Robert!MacNeil,!PBS! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!1;!Cambridge,Encyclopedia!Sections!134! Assignment*1:!O’Grady,!p.!13–14,!2–5! ! Thursday,!September!1! Phonetics:!The!Sounds!of!Language! Phonetic!Transcription,!The!Sound3Producing!System,!Sound! Classes,!Consonant!Articulation! ! ! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!2,!pp.!15–25;!Cambridge, Encyclopedia,!Section!22! Assignment*2:!O’Grady,!p.!14,!6–7;!Study,!p.!2,!1.1;!pp.!3–4,!1.2;! p.!8,!Review!Exercise! ! Tuesday,!September!6! Manner!of!Articulation,!Vowels,!Phonetic!Transcription!of! American!English! * * * * * Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!2,!pp.!25–40! Assignment*3:!O’Grady,!p.!55–56,!2,!3,!5;!Study,!p.!14,!2.3;!p.!16,! 2.5! ! Thursday,!September!8! Transcription!Practice! ! ! Assignment*4:!O’Grady,!p.!56–57,!6,!7,!8,!10!(a3j);!Study,!p.!17,! 2.6;!p.!19,!2.8;!p.!25,!2.12;!p.!37,!5!(11–30)! LING 201/ANTH 203 ! Tuesday,!September!13!! ! ! ! ! ! * * ! Thursday,!September!15! * * ! Tuesday,!September!20! ! ! ! ! ! * * !! Thursday,!September!22! * * * * * ! Tuesday,!September!27! * ! Thursday,!September!29! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tuesday,!October!4! ! ! Thursday,!October!6!! ! Tuesday,!October!11!! ! Thursday,!October!13! * * 4 Suprasegmentals,!Speech!Production! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!2,!pp.!40–55! Assignment*5:!Transcribe!this!very!sentence!in!IPA!symbols;! Study,!p.!29–30,!2.15,!2.16,!2.17,!2.18;!p.!31,!2.19,!2.20, Phonology:!The!Function!and!Patterning!of!Sounds! Segments!in!Contrast,!Phonemes!and!Allophones,!Phonetic!and! Phonemic!Transcription! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!3,!pp.!59–76;!Cambridge, Encyclopedia,!Section!28! Assignment*6:!O’Grady,!p.!57,!13,!15;!Study,!p.!35,!2.23;!pp.!36– 37,!Review!Exercises!2–4,!5!(1–10),!6! Syllables,!Features! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!3,!pp.!77–97! Assignment*7:!O’Grady,!p.!106–107,!1;!Study,!p.!41,!3.1;!3.2;!p.! 46,!3.4!(1);!p.!46,!3.4.!(2)! Derivations!and!Rules*I! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!3,!pp.!97–106! Assignment*8:!O’Grady,!p.!107,!3!! ! Derivations!and!Rules*II* Reading:!Rereading!of!O’Grady,!Chapter!3,!pp.!97–106! Assignment*9:!O’Grady,!p.!108,!4;!p.!110,!10;!p.!113,!15;!Study,!p.! 46347,!3.4!(3);!p.!49,!3.5!(2);!pp.!69,!review!exercises,!132! Rosh,Ha%Shana!–!no!class! Review!Session,!TBA! ***Quiz*1!on!Phonetics!and!Phonology! Morphology:!The!Analysis!of!Word!Structure! Words!and!Word!Structure,!Derivation! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!4,!pp.!115–127! Fall!Break!–!No*class* Derivation,!Compounding,!Inflection,!Other!Morphological! Phenomena! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!4,!pp.!122–143;!Cambridge, Encyclopedia,!pp.!90393! Assignment*10:!O’Grady,!p.!147,!1!and!2;!Study,!p.!74,!4.1;!p.! 75,!4.2;!p.!76,!4.3;!p.!79,!4.4!(134)!! LING 201/ANTH 203 5 ! Tuesday,!October!18!! Thursday,!October!20! * * ! ! * * * ! Tuesday,!October!25!! * * Thursday,!October!27! ! Tuesday,!November!1! ! Thursday,!November!3* ! Tuesday,!November!8! ! Thursday,!November!10* * * ! Tuesday,!November!15! Other!Morphological!Phenomena,!Morphophonemics** Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!4,!pp.!135–144! Assignment*11:!O’Grady,!p.!149,!7!and!9;!Study,!p.!81–82,!4.5! (2);!p.!83,!4.6!(1)! ! Syntax:!The!Analysis!of!Sentence!Structure! Categories!and!Structure! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!5,!pp.!155–168! Assignment*12:!O’Grady,!p.!150,!10!and!11;!Study,!pp.!87–88,! 4.10!(1–10);!pp.!91–92,!4.12! Complement!Options,!Move!(Transformations)! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!5,!pp.!168–182,!194–198! Assignment*13:!O’Grady,!p.!199,!3!(a3e),!4!(a3e);!Study,!p.!110,! 5.2;!p.!113,!5.4!(11320);!p.!116,!5.5!(135)! ! Universal!Grammar!and!Parametric!Variation,!Coordination! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!5,!pp.!183–189! Assignment*14:!O’Grady,!p.!200–201,!5!and!8;!Study,!p.!118– 119,!5.7;!p.!119,!5.8!(1–4);!p.!125!5.9! Modifiers,!Relative!Clauses,!Passives! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!5,!pp.!189–193! Assignment*15:!O’Grady,!p.!201,!9–11;!Study,!p.!128,!5.10!(2);! pp.!1293130,!5.11!(135)! ! Review!Session,!TBA!! ***Quiz*2!on!morphology!and!syntax** Semantics:!The!Analysis!of!Meaning! The!Nature!of!Meaning,!The!Conceptual!System! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!6,!pp.!203–220;!Cambridge, Encyclopedia,!Section!17! Assignment*16:!O’Grady,!p.!201–202,!12–13! Pragmatics:!The!Study!of!Meaning!in!Context! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!6,!pp.!232–239;!Fromkin/Rodman,! Chapter!5,!pp.!190–201;!Cambridge,Encyclopedia,!Section!21! Assignment*17:!O’Grady,!p.!240–241,!1–3;!Study,!p.!148,!6.7;!p.! 149,!6.8! Corpus*Linguistics* LING 201/ANTH 203 6 Reading:!Finegan,!pp.!2143216;!On!reserve:!Izre’el,!Hary!and! Rahav,!Designing!CoSIH;!Hary!and!Izre’el,!The!Preparatory! Model!of!CoSIH! Assignment*18:!O’Grady,!p.!241,!4–5;!Study,!p.!136,!6.1;!p.!140,! 6.3!(334)! * * * Thursday,!November!17! * * * * * ! Tuesday,!November!22! * * * * * * * Thursday,!November!24! ! Tuesday,!November!29! ! Thursday,!December!2! * * ! Tuesday,!December!6! Historical*Linguistics:!The!Study!of!Language!Change! The!Nature!of!Language!Change,!Sound!change,!Morphological! Change! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!7,!pp.!245–263;!Cambridge, Encyclopedia,!Section!54! Assignment*19:!The!Bank!of!English,!use!of!corpora!on!line,, Syntactic!Change,!Lexical!and!Semantic!Change,!Language! Reconstruction! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!7,!pp.!263–289! Assignment*20:!O’Grady,!p.!291–292,!1,!2!and!4;,Study,!p.!1573 158,!7.1;!p.!160,!7.3;!p.!1623163,!7.4!(132)! ! Thanksgiving!Break!–!No*class!* Language*Typology*and*Universals! Some!Preliminaries,!Typological!Classification! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!8,!pp.!297–319! Assignment*21:!O’Grady,!p.!293,!5;!p.!295–296,!13!and!15;! Study,!p.!1663167,!7.6!(138);!p.!170,!7.7.2! ****Quiz*3!on!Semantic,!Pragmatic,!Corpus!Linguistics,! Historical!Linguistics!and!Language!Universals! Sociolinguistics:!Language!in!Social!Context,!Diglossia,! Multiglossia!and!Continuglossia! The!Sociolinguistics!of!Language,!Speech!Varieties! Reading:!O’Grady,!Chapter!15,!pp.!485–522;!Ferguson’s! Diglossia;!Hary’s!Multiglossia,in,Judeo%Arabic,!pp.!3319! Assignment*22:!O’Grady,!p.!329–330,!1–3! Religion*and*Language*in*Sociolinguistic*Framework! On!Christian,!Jewish,!and!Muslim!languages!(religiolects)! Reading:!Hary!2009,!Chapter!1;!Hary!and!Wein!2011! Assignment*23:!O’Grady,!p.!524,!1–2! ! * Thursday,!December!8,!4:3037:00,!Final*Exam! ! ! LING 201/ANTH 203 Emory!Program!in!Linguistics!on!the!web:! www.emory.edu/COLLEGE/LINGUISTICS! ! 7