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2018, Applying linguistics: language and the impact agenda
Al-ʿUṣūr al-Wusṭā 32
The Documentary Depth of Hadith Transmission: Audition Attendance Lists2024 •
The transmission of hadith prompted substantial documentation and subsequent archiving. This article presents a recently rediscovered type of document belonging to this paper trail: audition attendance lists (awrāq al-samāʿ). Preceding the better-known audition certificate (samāʿ), an audition attendance list was sometimes used in the transmission of particularly long books in order to keep track of the attendance of sometimes hundreds of participants in audition sessions. Here we concentrate on one audition attendance list produced in the ninth/ fifteenth century in Cairo for a transmission of the most famous hadith collection, the Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. We introduce this kind of document, propose a reading of our particular sample, and discuss certain functions of audition attendance lists. We argue that these lists reveal a hitherto unknown depth in the documentary machinery of textual transmission.
2024 •
Is there a distinctive Jewish perspective on revenge? e question obviously bears on the contemporary world in pressing ways. Revenge is a complex concept about which psychology, anthropology, philosophy, law and other fields offer important perspectives. But one way to answer it is to turn to the history of Jewish life, literature and culture. Here we can find a distinctive feeling and action on a matter that is as old as humanity, a human feeling in response to an injury or harm, and one closely bound to ideals of justice. e mid-20th century in particular, a formative period of Jewish and Israeli existence, has much to tell us about the relationship between violence, revenge, justice, memory and trauma in Jewish and Israeli life.
The majority of Muslim countries face increasing pressure on their budget, which pushes to more public spending. Eventually, the main victim of this situation will be the welfare of Muslim communities. Despite Islam does not tolerate negligence regarding the importance of State as major player in preserving the welfare of Muslim communities, it offers a third option to support public effort through the institution of Waqf. Indeed, this institution has played a crucial role all along Muslim civilization and it is invited to more innovation to answer to today's challenges. Sukuk-Waqf can be seen as the perfect sustainable financing instrument offered by Islam to help sustain public spending by the people and for the people. This paper will try to examine the concept of Waqf, cash Waqf and Sukuk Waqf is Islam and their evolution during Muslim civilization. Finally, it will go through modern attempts to implement this model that can answer the need for financing to support public effort to preserve the welfare of Muslim citizens.
Unique pick-axes of the Scythian archaic time from Kharkov area (Forest-Steppe of Left-Bank Ukraine)
Unique pick-axes of the Scythian archaic time from Kharkov area (Forest-Steppe of Left-Bank Ukraine)2024 •
The article is devoted to publication of two pick-axes − bronze and bimetallic. They are found under casual circumstances in the floodplain of the Udy River, south of Kharkiv (Siversky Donets basin). For territory of Ukraine, however, as well as for the South of Eastern Europe on the whole, these samples of close combat weapon are unique. The cast bronze pickaxe in its general shape and a number of details is very close to those in the Tagar culture of the South Siberia, especially the Khakas-Minusinsk basin. At the same time, it has differences, for example, in the shape of the striker and socket. A socket from above is closed by a flat cap, its surface has cutting tracks, features already characteristic of bimetallic pickaxes of Scythians archaic epoch in Eurasia. It is reasonable to assume some kind of transitional form in this pick-axe from a bronze weapon to bimetallic one, that was an undoubted innovation in the Eurasia. The bronze pick-axe dates back to no earlier than the 1st half of the 7th century BC. The bimetallic pick-axe is no less interesting. Its peculiarity is that its butt is cast from bronze together with the socket. At the same time, this weapon has a number of features that are quite characteristic of all others bimetallic pick-axes: decoration of the upper part of the socket with horizontal ridges, a well-defined cut of the socket, the presence of holes on the butt near the socket, the design of the striker in the form of a dagger or sword blade, decorated with flutes in the center. Apparently, published pick-axe is a result of technological innovation that, undoubtedly took place in transition from bronze to bimetallic pick-axes. The date of the bimetallic pick-axe is no later than the end of the 7th century BC. The finds of these melee combat weapons of an eastern, including Siberian appearance, on the territory of modern Ukraine, in our opinion, indicate episodic penetrations of the nomadic Eurasian population of the Scythian archaic era into the Eastern Europe.
La protección de los derechos de los consumidores. Comentarios a la Ley sobre protección de los derechos de los consumidores (2ª edición, 2024, Thomson Reuters).
Artículo 17 E de la Ley 19.496 sobre protección de los derechos de los consumidoresLoading Preview
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