Barbar

Acarologia A quarterly journal of acarology, since 1959 Publishing on all aspects of the Acari All information: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/ acarologia-contact@supagro.fr Acarologia is proudly non-profit, with no page charges and free open access Please help us maintain this system by encouraging your institutes to subscribe to the print version of the journal and by sending us your high quality research on the Acari. Subscriptions: Year 2019 (Volume 59): 450 € http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/subscribe.php Previous volumes (2010-2017): 250 € / year (4 issues) Acarologia, CBGP, CS 30016, 34988 MONTFERRIER-sur-LEZ Cedex, France The digitalization of Acarologia papers prior to 2000 was supported by Agropolis Fondation under the reference ID 1500-024 through the « Investissements d’avenir » programme (Labex Agro: ANR-10-LABX-0001-01) Acarologia is under free license and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons-BY-NC-ND which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. New mite records (Acari: Mesostigmata, Trombidiformes) from soil and vegetation of some Syrian citrus agrosystems Ziad Barbara a Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Baath University, P.O. Box 77, Al- Sham St., Homs, Syria. ABSTRACT This study gives the result of collections of mite fauna inhabiting soil, litter and plant species surrounding citrus orchards at three localities in Latakia governorate. Mites collected were identified and only new recorded species are presented. During this study, 21 species belonging to 12 families (4 Mesostigmata and 8 Trombidiformes) were reported as new to the Syrian fauna. Five species were phytophagous mites (belong to Tenuipalpidae and Tetranychidae), while the others are considered as generalist predators or feed on microorganisms in their habitats. The results could be of importance for integrated pest management applied in Syrian citrus orchards. Keywords survey; taxonomy; phytophagous mites; predatory mites; biological control; Syria Zoobank http://zoobank.org/19DAAD5E-3742-4DF9-8E1C-CBEBEE00706C Introduction Received 23 April 2018 Accepted 21 May 2018 Published 09 November 2018 Corresponding author Ziad Barbar: ziadbarbar88@gmail.com Academic editor Serge Kreiter DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 Copyright Barbar Z. Latakia is the main growing citrus governorate in Syria, produced about 0.90 million tons of citrus fruit in 2016 (Syrian Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, 2016). In this governorate, recent surveys conducted in about 60 citrus orchards revealed the presence of 60 mite species belonging to 20 families. Of these, 22 mite species belonging to 11 families inhabit citrus leaves (nine Phytoseiidae, three Tetranychidae, two Cheyletidae, and one of each Acaridae, Camerobiidae, Cunaxidae, Iolinidae, Raphignathidae, Stigmaeidae, Tenuipalpidae and Tydeidae). Remaining taxa were collected from litter and (or) from vegetation adjacent to those orchards (Zriki et al., 2015; Barbar, 2016, 2017; Barbar and Ueckermann, 2017; Barbar, 2018). These results showed the presence of a relatively high number of mite species, especially predators of phytophagous mites and other micro arthropods (Barbar, 2016). However, more investigations are needed to obtain a good vision about the diversity of this fauna in Latakian citrus agro ecosystems. The results of these investigations could be of a great interest to further studies about the use of predatory mites in the biological control programs. The aim of the present study was to identify mite species inhabiting soil, litter and plant species surrounding citrus orchards at three localities in Latakia governorate, and to provide data (when available) about their trophic habits, geographic distribution and economic importance. Materials and methods Surveys of mite fauna were conducted in Latakia governorate in April and May, 2016, March and April, 2017, and March, 2018. Mite collected from: (1) leaves of common plant species surrounding citrus orchards located at Burj-Islam (35°40’12” N, 35° 7’24” E) and Attabiyyat Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 How to cite this article Barbar Z. (2018), New mite records (Acari: Mesostigmata, Trombidiformes) from soil and vegetation of some Syrian citrus agrosystems. Acarologia 58(4): 919-927; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 (35°30’24” N, 35°46’49” E); (2) ground litter of a pesticides free citrus orchard located at Al-ya’robiyah (35°30’24” N, 35°48’33” E). Mites were removed from leaves using the ”dipping-checking-washing-filtering” method (Boller, 1984). For collecting mites from litter, materials were placed on a sieve (25 cm Ø x 10 cm; its screen with 5 mesh/cm) and shaken over a black plastic sheet (1.5 m2 ). Mites were picked off the sheet into a vial with 70 % alcohol. Mites were then mounted on slides in Hoyer’s medium and dried in an oven at 40°C for four days. Mite taxa were identified to family levels using the key of Krantz and Walter (2009). Identification to genera level was carried out mainly using the following works: (1) for Mesostigmata: Ameroseiidae, Ascidae and Laelapidae (Athias-Henriot, 1961; Evans and Till, 1979; Mašán, 2017) and Phytoseiidae (Chant and McMurtry, 2007); (2) for Trombidiformes: Anystidae (Meyer and Ueckermann, 1987), Cunaxidae (Skvarla et al., 2014), Cryptognathidae (Khanjani and Ueckermann, 2008), Eupalopsellidae (Meyer and Ueckermann, 1984), Raphignathidae (Fan and Zhang, 2005), Stigmaeidae (Fan et al., 2016), Tenuipalpidae (Meyer, 1979; Mesa et al., 2009) and Tetranychidae (Bolland et al., 1998). The specimens were deposited in the Arthropod Collection of the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria. Mite taxa in the text are arranged alphabetically by order, as are families within orders, genera within families and species within genera. All mite species that have already been recorded from Syria were excluded from results. Results and discussion Twenty-one mite species belonging to 12 families (4 Mesostigmata and 8 Trombidiformes) are recorded for the first time from Syria in the present study. Five species were phytophagous (three species of Tenuipalpidae and two species of Tetranychidae), while the others are considered as generalist predators or feeding on microorganisms in their habitats (Swift and Goff, 2001; Gerson et al., 2003). Eleven species were found in soil and litter: 1 Ameroseiidae, 1 Ascidae, 2 Laelapidae, 2 Anystidae, 1 Cryptognathidae, 2 Raphignathidae and 2 Stigmaeidae. Remaining species were collected from vegetation surrounding citrus orchards: 1 Cunaxidae, 1 Eupalopsellidae, 1 Phytoseiidae, 2 Stigmaeidae, 3 Tenuipalpidae and 2 Tetranychidae. Order Mesostigmata Family Ameroseiidae Epicriopsis horridus (Kramer, 1876) Specimens collected — Al-ya’robiyah: Five females from litter and soil under Eucalyptus sp., 7 and 9 April, 2017. This is the second ameroseiid species recorded from Syria (i.e., Ameroseius lidiae Bregetova; Barbar 2016). Epicriopsis horridus occurs mostly in leaf litter and soil detritus and known from Europe and Asia (Hajizadeh et al., 2013; Mašán, 2017). The biology of mite species belonging to the genus Epicriopsisis largely unknown (Narita and Moraes, 2016). Family Ascidae Gamasellodes vulgatior Athias-Henriot, 1961 Specimen collected — Al-ya’robiyah: One female from litter and soil under Eucalyptus sp., 30 March, 2017. This is the second ascid species from Syria (i.e., Gamasellodes americanus (Garman); Barbar, 2016). It was previously recorded from Algeria (Athias-Henriot, 1961) and India (Bhattacharyya and Sanyal, 2002). The biology of this species is unknown. However, several Gamasellodes species can feed and reproduce on several nematode groups in soil (Moraes et al., 2015). Barbar Z. (2018), Acarologia 58(4): 919-927; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 920 Family Laelapidae This is the first record of this family from Syria. Two species were collected: Androlaelaps aegypticus Hafez, El-Badry and Nasr, 1982 Specimen collected — Al-ya’robiyah: One female from litter and soil under Eucalyptus sp., 30 March, 2017. This is the third international record of this species. It was previously recorded from Egypt (Hafez et al., 1982) and Iran (Soleimani et al., 2010). Androlaelaps aegypticus is a very active predator and can feed on immature stages of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank), Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze and Robin) (Acaridae) and Lepidoglyphus destructor (Schrank) (Glycyphagidae). Differences in biological characteristics (incubation period, life cycle and female fecundity) of this species were observed according to prey and temperatures (Mostafa et al., 2017). Stratiolaelaps miles (Berlese, 1892) Specimens collected — Al-ya’robiyah: Two females from litter and soil under Eucalyptus sp., 4 and 9 April, 2017. This species is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere and being used in the control of some glasshouse pests namely larvae of sciarid flies (Diptera: Sciaridae) and western flower thrips [Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)] (Gerson et al., 2003: Walter and Campbell, 2003). Family Phytoseiidae This is the largest known family from Syria with 23 reported species (Barbar, 2017; Demite et al., 2018). One additional phytoseiid species is recorded in the present study: Typhlodromus (Typhlodromus) ernesti Ragusa and Swirski, 1978 Specimens collected — Borj-Islam: Nineteen females and two males on Pinus halepensis Mill., 25 May, 2016. It was associated with the tenuipalpid species Cenopalpus wainsteini (Livschitz and Mitrofanov) in this study. This species is known from several countries in Europe and also from Tunisia but nothing is known about its biology (Demite et al., 2018). Order Trombidiformes Family Anystidae This is the first record of this family from Syria. Two species were collected: Anystis wallacei Otto, 1992 Specimens collected — Al-ya’robiyah: One tritonymph and one deutonymph from litter under Acacia cyanophylla Lindley, 21 and 30 March, 2017, respectively. This species is described from pastures in France, Spain, Morocco and Australia and could be a natural enemy of penthaleid mite species and Collembola (Otto, 1992; Gerson et al., 2003). Erythracarus pyrrholeucus (Hermann, 1804) Specimens collected — Al-ya’robiyah: Four females from litter and soil under A. cyanophylla, 28 and 30 March, 2017. This species is recorded from Australia, Iran, Ukraine and the United States (Otto 1999). Small mite species and insects (i.e., Psocoptera) appear to be a possible food-source for species of Erythracarus including E. pyrrholeucus (Otto, 1999). Family Cunaxidae Cunaxoides lootsi Den Heyer, 2013 Specimens collected — Attabiyyat: Six females on Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.), 15 March, 2018.This predatory mite is the fourth cunaxid species reported from Syria (Barbar, 2016). It Barbar Z. (2018), Acarologia 58(4): 919-927; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 921 was only recorded from Iran on grass (Den Heyer et al., 2013). Family Cryptognathidae This is the first record of this family from Syria. One species was collected: Favgognathus cordylus Luxton, 1993 Specimens collected — Al-ya’robiyah: One female from litter and soil under A. cyanophylla, 7 April, 2017. Nothing is known about the biology of this species. However, members of this family probably feed on the content of plant cells or on microorganisms in their habitats (Luxton, 1993; Swift and Goff, 2001). Family Eupalopsellidae This is the first record of this family from Syria. One species was collected: Eupalopsis maseriensis (Canestrini and Fanzago, 1876) Specimen collected — Borj-Islam: One female on unidentified plant species, 25 May, 2016. This species preys on the citrus chaff scale Parloria pergandii Comstock. It was recorded from wild plant species and litter in several countries (i.e., Italy, USSR and Turkey) (Doğan, 2008; Meyer and Ueckermann, 1984). Family Raphignathidae Only one species of this family is known from Syria (i.e., Raphignathus gracilis (Rack); Barbar, 2016). Two additional species were collected in this study: Raphignathus hecmatanaensis Khanjani and Ueckermann, 2003 Specimens collected — Al-ya’robiyah: Two females from litter and soil under A. cyanophylla, 16 April, 2016 and 30 March, 2017. This species is known from Iran (Khanjani and Ueckermann, 2003) and Turkey (Bingül et al., 2018). Raphignathus zhaoi Hu, Jing and Liang, 1995 Specimens collected — Al-ya’robiyah: Seven females from litter and soil under A. cyanophylla, 16 and 5 April, 2016 and 2017, respectively. This species was reported in China and Iran from cultivated and wild plant species, soil and moss (Fan and Yin, 2000; Khanjani and Ueckermann, 2003). Family Stigmaeidae Only one species of this family is known from Syria (i.e., Agistemus exsertus GonzalezRodriguez; Barbar, 2016). Four additional species were collected in this study: Agistemus duzgunesae Koç, Cobanoğlu and Madanlar, 2005 Specimens collected — Borj-Islam: One female on Prunus amygdalus L. and one female on Olea europaea L., 25 May, 2016. It was associated with Bryobia rubrioculus (Scheuten), Tetranychus urticae Koch and Brevipalpus oleae Baker in this study. It was only reported from Turkey and Greece on several cultivated plant species and natural vegetation (Koç et al., 2005; Stathakis et al., 2014). Stigmaeus additicius Dönel and Doğan, 2011 Specimen collected — Al-ya’robiyah: One female from litter and soil under A. cyanophylla, 7 April, 2017. This is the second international record of this predatory mite. It was described from Turkey from litter under Acacia sp. and from moss and lichen on soil (Dönel and Doğan, 2011). Barbar Z. (2018), Acarologia 58(4): 919-927; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 922 Stigmaeus ayyildizi Dönel and Doğan, 2011 Specimens collected — Al-ya’robiyah: Three females from litter and soil under A. cyanophylla, 7 April, 2017. This is the second international record of this mite species. It was described from Turkey from grassy soil (Dönel and Doğan, 2011). Zetzellia graeciana González-Rodríguez, 1965 Specimens collected — Borj-Islam: Three females on Ponica granatum L., 25 May, 2016. It was associated with Brevipalpus obovatus Donnadieu and Tenuipalpus punicae Pritchard and Baker in this study. This species is known from several European countries and was collected from apples, citrus and other plants (Fan et al. 2016). It preys on Panonychus ulmi Koch and T. urticae (Inserra, 1970 [1973]). Family Tenuipalpidae Five species of this family are known from Syria (Barbar, 2016). Three additional species were collected in this study: Brevipalpus oleae Baker, 1949 Specimens collected — Borj-Islam: Two females on O. europaea, 25 May, 2016. This species was associated with the phytoseiid, Typhlodromus (Typhlodromus) athiasae Porath and Swirski in this study. It was recorded from Morocco, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Tunisia (Castagnoli and Pegazzano, 1986; Chatti et al., 2017). Cenopalpus lanceolatisetae (Attiah, 1956) Specimens collected — Borj-Islam: Four females on Crataegus monogyna L., 25 May, 2016. This species was associated with the predator T. ( T.) athiasae in this study. It was described from Egypt on several Rosaceae (i.e., Prunus domestica L., Prunus armeniaca L., Pyrus malus L. and Pyrus communis L.) and distributed in Western Palearctic (Mesa et al., 2009; Khanjani et al., 2012). Tenuipalpus caudatus (Dugés, 1834) Specimens collected — Borj-Islam: Three females on Cupressus sempervirens L. and one female on Pistacia lentiscus L., 25 May, 2016. This species was associated with the predator T. ( T.) athiasae in this study. It was described from France on Viburnum tinus L. and found also on other plant species in several countries (Mesa et al., 2009). Family Tetranychidae Fifteen species of this family are known from Syria (Migeon and Dorkeld, 2006-2017; Zeity, 2017). Two additional species were collected in this study: Bryobia kissophila Eyndhoven, 1955 Specimens collected — Al-ya’robiyah: Six females and one larva on Malva sylvestris L., 16 April, 2016. This species was collected from three plant species particularly from Hedera helix L. in Europe and was also collected from other countries as South Africa, Australia and United States (Migeon and Dorkeld, 2006-2017). Pseudobryobia nikitensis (?) (Livshitz and Mitrofanov, 1969) Specimens collected —. Borj-Islam and Attabiyyat: Nine females on S. spinosum, 25 May, 2016 and 15 March, 2018. This species was also previously recorded on S. spinosum in Ukraine (Livshits and Mitrofanov, 1969) and Italy (Vacante, 1983) and on Silene dioica (L.) (unknown locality, Migeon and Dorkeld, 2006-2017). The Syrian specimens are very close to those described by Barbar Z. (2018), Acarologia 58(4): 919-927; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 923 Figure 1 Variations in the shape of dorsal body setae in the Syrian specimens of Pseudobryobia nikitensis: a – prodorsal setae; b – sc1 seta; c – c1 seta; d – d1 seta. Livshits and Mitrofanov (1969) and similar to those reported in the redescription of Vacante (1983), except for a few small morphological differences namely: (1) in Syrian specimens, setae v1–v2 elongated, slender and serrate (Figure 1a); setae sc1–sc2 and c1–c3 subspatulate (Figure 1b, c); remaining dorsal body setae palmate serrate and almost rounded distally (Figure 1d), but dorsohysterosomal setae are subspatulate, lanceolate and more or less acute in the Barbar Z. (2018), Acarologia 58(4): 919-927; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 924 description of Livshits and Mitrofanov (1969), and setae d, e, and f are subspatulate in the redescription of Vacante (1983) (according to Figure presented); (2) femur II with 9 (10) setae in Syrian specimens oppose to 8 in the description of Livshits and Mitrofanov (1969); genu III with 6 (7) setae in Syrian specimens oppose to 5 setae in the description of Livshits and Mitrofanov (1969). Furthermore, the assignment of this species to the genus Pseudobryobia may be uncertain. Indeed, in the diagnoses proposed by the authors who worked on this genus (e.g. Meyer, 1987; Baker and Tuttle, 1994; Smiley and Baker, 1995), in addition to the absence of prodorsal lobes, it is mentioned that members of the fourth pair of dorsocentral setae (f1 setae) are located in normal dorsal position (not marginal). However, this condition is neither met by the specimens of P. nikitensis described by Livshits and Mitrofanov (1969), Vacante (1983) nor by those reported in this study. Acknowledgements I would like to thank Edward A. Ueckermann, Gilberto J. de Moraes, Salih Doğan, Mohamed W. Negm, Grzegorz Gabryś, Qing-Hai Fan, Carlo Duso, Lucia Zappalà, Adel M. Mostafa and Hany M. El-Kawas for supplying papers concerning the description and biology of several species in this research. Thanks are due to Philippe Auger for valuable comments and suggestions during preparation of this paper. References Athias-Henriot C. 1961. Mésostigmates (Urop. excl.) édaphiques Méditerranéens (Acaromorpha, Anactinotrichida) (collect. Prof. H. Franz et C. Athais-Henriot). Première Série. Acarologia, 3: 381-509. Attiah H.H. 1956. The genus Brevipalpus in Egypt (Acarina: Tenuipalpidae). Bull. Soc. Entomol. Egypte, 40: 433-477. Baker E.W. 1949. The genus Brevipalpus (Acarina: Pseudoleptidae). Am. Midl. Nat., 42(2): 350-402. doi:10.2307/2422013 Baker E.W., Tuttle D.M. 1994. A Guide to the Spider Mites (Tetranychidae) of the United States. West Bloomfield: Indira Publishing House. pp. 347. Barbar Z. 2016. The mite fauna (Acari) of two Syrian citrus orchards, with notes on their morphology and economic importance. Syst. Appl. Acarol., 21 (8): 991-1008. doi:10.11158/saa.21.8.1 Barbar Z. 2017. Evaluation of three pesticides against phytophagous mites and their impact on phytoseiid predator in an eggplant open-field. Acarologia, 57 (3): 529-539. doi:10.24349/acarologia/20174170 Barbar Z. 2018. New records of three larval Erythraeidae (Acari: Trombidiformes) from Latakia, Syria. Syrian J. Agric. Res., 5 (1): 183-190. Barbar Z., Ueckermann E.A. 2017. Two new species and a new record of Bdellidae (Acari: Trombidiformes) from Syria. Acarologia, 57 (4): 1089-1102. doi:10.24349/acarologia/20174221 Berlese A. 1892. Acari, Myriopoda et Scorpiones hucusque in Italia reperta 63, 17 text pages+Plates 1-10 (reprint by Junk, The Hague, 1979). Bhattacharyya A.K.M., Sanyal A.K. 2002. Three new species and some new records of the genus Gamasellodes Athias-Henriot (Acarina: Ascidae) from India. Acarologia, 42: 229-238. Bingül M., Doğan S., Doğan S. 2018. Asymmetric variations in some species of the genus Raphignathus Dugès (Acari: Raphignathidae). Trakya Univ. J. Nat. Sci., 19 (1): 55-58. doi:10.23902/trkjnat.334190 Bolland H.R., Gutierrez J., Flechtmann C.H.W. 1998. World Catalogue of the Spider Mite Family (Acari: Tetranychidae). Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers. pp. 392. Boller E.F. 1984. Eine anfache Ausschwemm-Methode zur schellen Erfassung von Raumilben, Trips und anderen Kleinathropoden im Weinbau. Schweiz Zeitschrift für Obst-und Weinbau, 120: 249-255. Canestrini G., Fanzago F. 1876. Nuovi Acari Italiani. Acad. Sci. Veneto-Trent. Instr. Padua Atti., 5: 130-142. Castagnoli M., Pegazzano F. 1986. Acariens. In: Traité d’Entomologie Oléicole. Y. Arambourg (Ed.) Cons. Oleicole Int., Madrid: 303-336. Chant D.A., McMurtry J.A. 2007. Illustrated Keys and Diagnoses for the genera and subgenera of the Phytoseiidae of the World (Acari: Mesostigmata). West Bloomfield: Indira Publishing House. pp. 220. Chatti A., Kreiter S., Lebdi-Grissa K., Ksantini M. 2017. Phytophagous and predatory mites on olive trees in Tunisia. Catalogue, description of one new species and key for identification (Acari,Eriophyidae, Tetranychidae, Tenuipalpidae and Phytoseiidae). Acarologia, 57 (2): 233-254. doi.org/10.1051/ acarologia/20164152 Demite P.R., Moraes G.J. de, McMurtry J.A., Denmark H.A., Castilho R. de. C. 2018. Phytoseiidae Database. Available from http://www.lea.esalq.usp.br/phytoseiidae (accessed 7 April, 2018). Barbar Z. (2018), Acarologia 58(4): 919-927; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 925 Den Heyer J., Ueckermann E.A., Khanjani M. 2013. Iranian Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdelloidea). Part III. Subfamily Cunaxoidinae. J. Nat. Hist., 47 (31-32): 2049-2070. doi:10.1080/00222933.2012. 763060 Doğan S. 2008. The first report of Eupalopsis (Acari: Eupalopsellidae) in Turkey: Eupalopsis maseriensis (Canestrini & Fanzago). Syst. Appl. Acarol., 13: 155-158. doi:10.11158/saa.13.2.10 Dönel G., Doğan S. 2011. The stigmaeid mites (Acari: Stigmaeidae) of Kelkit Valley (Turkey). Zootaxa, 2942: 1-56. Dugés A. 1834. Recherches pour servir à l’ordre des Acariens en général et la famille des Trombidies en particulier. Ann. Sci. Nat. Paris (ser. 2), 1: 5-46. Evans G.O., Till W.M. 1979. Mesostigmatic mites of Britain and Ireland (Chelicerata: AcariParasitiformes). An introduction to their external morphology and classification. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., 35: 139-270. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1979.tb00059.x Fan Q.-H., Yin X.-M. 2000. The genus Raphignathus (Acari: Raphignathidae) from China. Syst. Appl. Acarol., 5: 83-98. doi: 10.11158/saa.5.1.11 doi:10.11158/saa.5.1.11 Fan Q.-H., Zhang Z.-Q. 2005. Raphignathoidea (Acari: Prostigmata). Fauna N. Z., 52: 1-400. Fan Q.-H., Flechtmann C.H.W., Moraes G.J.de. 2016. Annotated catalogue of Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata), with a pictorial key to genera. Zootaxa, 4176 (1): 001-199. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4176.1.1 Gerson U.L., Smiley R., Ochoa R. 2003. Mites (Acari) for Pest Control. Malden: Blackwell Science Ltd. 539 pp. doi:10.1002/9780470750995 González-Rodríguez R.H. 1965. A taxonomic study of the genera Mediolata, Zetzellia and Agistemus (Acarina: Stigmaeidae). Univ. Calif. Publ. Entomol., 41: 1-64. Hafez S.M., El-Badry E.A., Nasr A.K. 1982. Soil mites of the family Laelapidae from Egypt. Res. Bull., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., 1759: 1-15. Hajizadeh J., Tajmiri P., Mašán P. 2013. Redescription of Ameroseius lanceosetis Livshitz & Mitrofanov, 1975 (Acari: Mesostigmata), with a checklist and a key to the ameroseiid mites of Iran. Int. J. Acarol., 39: 146-152. doi:10.1080/01647954.2012.747566 Hermann J.F. 1804. Mémoire Aptérologique (Strasbourg: F. -L. Hammer). Hu C. Y., Jing Z. Q., Liang L. R. 1995. Two new species and one new record of the genus Raphignathus Dugès (Acari: Raphignathidae). J. Suzhou Railw. Teach. Coll., 12(3): 21-26. [in Chinese with English abstract]. Inserra R. 1970 [1973]. Morphological observation and biological notes on Zetzellia graeciana Gonzalez (Acarina: Stigmaeidae). Boll. Zool. Agrar. Bachic., 10: 85-119. Khanjani M., Ueckermann E.A. 2003. Two new species of the genus Raphignathus Dugés (Acari: Raphignathidae) from Iran. Acarologia, 43: 299-306. Khanjani M., Ueckermann E.A. 2008. New species of the genus Favognathus Luxton (Acari: Cryptognathidae). Acarologia, 48 (3-4): 177-186. Khanjani M., Khanjani M., Saboori A., Seeman O. 2012. The false spider mites of the genus Cenopalpus Pritchard & Baker (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from Iran. Zootaxa, 3433: 1-59. Koç K., Cobanoğlu S., Madanlar N. 2005. Agistemus duzgunesae sp. n. (Acari, Stigmaeidae) from Turkey. Biol. Bratisl., 60 (2): 121-124. Kramer P. 1876. Zur Naturgeschichte einiger Gattungen aus der Familie der Gamasiden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 42: 46-105. Krantz G.W., Walter D.E. 2009. A Manual of Acarology. Third Edition. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. pp. 807. Livshits I.Z., Mitrofanov V.I. 1969. New species of the genus Bryobia from the Crimea. Bjul. Gos Nikit. Bot. Sada, 4: 59. Luxton M. 1993. New species of cryptognathid mites from Israel (Acari: Prostigmata: Cryptognathidae). J. Nat. Hist., 27: 1213-1217. doi:10.1080/00222939300770711 Mašán P. 2017. A revision of the family Ameroseiidae (Acari, Mesostigmata), with some data on Slovak fauna. ZooKeys, 704: 1-228. doi:10.3897/zookeys.704.13304 Mesa N.C., Ochoa R., Welbourn W.C., Evans G.A., Moraes G.J. de 2009. A catalog of the Tenuipalpidae (Acari) of the world with a key to genera. Zootaxa, 2098: 1-185. Meyer M.K.P. 1979. The Tenuipalpidae (Acari) of Africa with keys to the world fauna. Entomol. Mem. Dep. Agric. Repub. S. Afr., 50: 1-133. Meyer M.K.P.S. 1987. African Tetranychidae (Acari: Prostigmata) with reference to the world genera. Entomol. Mem. Dep. Agric. Water Supply Repub. S. Afr., 69: 1-175. Meyer M.K.P., Ueckermann E.A. 1984. The family Eupalopsellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) with descriptions of new species from South Africa. Phytophylactica, 16: 121-142. Meyer M.K.P., Ueckermann E.A. 1987. A taxonomic study of some Anystidae (Acari: Prostigmata). Entomol. Mem. Dep. Agric. Water supply, Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Repub. S. Afr., 68: 1-37. Migeon A., Dorkeld F. 2006-2017. Spider Mites Web: a comprehensive database for the Tetranychidae. Available from: http://www.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/spmweb (accessed September 15, 2017). Moraes G.J. de, Venancio R., Santos V.L.V. dos, Paschoal A.D. 2015. Potential of Ascidae, Blattisociidae and Melicharidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) as biological control agents of pest organisms. In: Carrillo D., Moraes G.J. de, Pea J.E. (Eds.). Prospects for Biological Control of Plant Feeding Mites and Other Harmful Organisms —Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, pp. 33-75. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15042-0_2 Mostafa A.M., Sakr H.H., Yassin E.M.A., Abd El-Khalik A.R. 2017. Laboratory studies on the mesostigmatid mites Androlaelaps aegypticus (Laelapidae) and Proctolaelaps gizanensis (Ascidae) on three mite pests at different conditions. Egypt. J. Acad. Boil. Sci., 10 (4): 63-70. doi: 10.21608/eajbsa.2017.12485 Barbar Z. (2018), Acarologia 58(4): 919-927; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 926 Narita J.P.Z., Moraes G.J. de 2016. A new species of Epicriopsis Berlese (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ameroseiidae) from Brazil, with a key to the world species of the genus. Zootaxa, 4114: 477-484. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4114.4.7 Otto J.C. 1992. A new species of Anystis Von Heyden compared with Anystis salicinus (Linnaeus) (Acarina: Anystidae). Int. J. Acarol., 18 (1): 25-35. doi:10.1080/01647959208683925 Otto J.C. 1999. Revision of the genus Erythracarus Berlese (Acarina: Anystidae Erythracarinae). J. Nat. Hist., 33: 825-909. doi:10.1080/002229399300146 Ragusa S., Swirski E. 1978. Description of three new species of Typhlodromus Scheuten from Italy with redescription of Typhlodromus baccettii Lombardini (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Int. J. Acarol., 4: 211-220. doi:10.1080/01647957808683118 Skvarla M.J., Fisher J.R., Dowling A.P.G. 2014. A review of Cunaxidae (Acariformes, Trombidiformes): Histories and diagnoses of subfamilies and genera, keys to world species, and some new locality records. ZooKeys, 418: 1-103. doi:10.3897/zookeys.418.7629 Smiley R.L., Baker E.W. 1995. A report on some tetranychid mites (Acari: Prostigmata) from Yemen. Int. J. Acarol., 21: 135-164. doi:10.1080/01647959508684055 Soleimani M., Ostovan H., Joharchi O. 2010. First report of the mite species Androlaelaps aegypticus (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) from Iran. Plant Prot. J., 2 (2): 157-160. Stathakis T.I., Kapaxidi E.V., Papadoulis G.Th. 2014. A new record and a new species of the genus Agistemus Summers (Acari: Stigmaeidae) from Greece. Zootaxa, 3780 (1): 153-170. doi:10.11646/ zootaxa.3780.1.6 Swift S.F., Goff M.L. 2001. Mite (Acari) communities associated with ’Ohi’a, Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae), at Hono O NalPali and Kui’a Natural Area Reserves on Kaua’I Island, Hawaiian Islands. Pac. Sci., 55: 23-40. doi:10.1353/psc.2001.0008 Syrian Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, 2016. www.moaar.gov.sy (accessed March 15, 2018). Vacante V. 1983. Prima raccolta di AcariTetranichidi in Sicilia. Phytophaga, 1: 41-114. Walter D.E., Campbell N.J.H. 2003. Exotic vs endemic biocontrol agents: would the real Stratiolaelaps miles (Berlese) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae), please stand up?. Biol. Control, 26: 253-269. doi:10.1016/S1049-9644(02)00171-8 Zeity M. 2017. Some new records of spider mites (Acari, Tetranychidae) from Syria. Acarologia, 57(3): 651-654. doi:10.24349/acarologia/20174184 Zriki G., Shaabo A., Boubou A. 2015. A preliminary survey of the spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Latakia Governorate of Syria. Acarologia, 55: 303-309. doi.org/10.1051/acarologia/20142173 Barbar Z. (2018), Acarologia 58(4): 919-927; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20184298 927