International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management ISSN: 2722-4015 Religiosity and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: a Study on Student Employees in South Tangerang Chandra F. Arifianto 1*, Mutawali 2, Heny Subekti 3 1,2 Department of Management, Faculty of Economy, University of Pamulang, Jl. Surya Kencana No 1 South Tangerang, Indonesia 3 Department of Civic Education, Faculty of Teaching and Education, University of Pamulang, Jl. Surya Kencana No 1 South Tangerang, Indonesia * Corresponding author: Email: chandrafa.spsi.mm@gmail.com Abstract. This study explored the concept of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in relation to student employees. The dimensions of religiosity is used as an independent variable in this study. This study expands the extant research by examining OCB of student employees, where very few studies exist. For this research 174 student employees completed an online survey, where we looked to identify correlations between OCB and three dimensions: participation, importance and meaning. Data collection in this study used a qustionnaire that developed a variable of religiosity totaling 9 items and variables totaling 15 items which isusing multiple linear regression. The statistically significant correlation between three of these dimensions and OCB will help campusidentify and encourage OCB in their student employees. The result of study shows that there is effect of the participation dimension (XL) and the meaning dimension (X3), but there is no efect of the meaning dimension (X3) on OCB. Keywords: Religiosity, OCB, Student employees, participation dimension, importance dimension, meaning dimension 1. INTRODUCTION The sense of ownership of an organization that refers to organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is being explored by scholars. Behavior that consciously wants to do something in the name of the organization without reward, is something that is less common. But in fact, many are showing these things. There is link between self-satisfaction and OCB at work [1]. His research shows that the higher individual's position (as picture of satisfaction at work) has negative effect to his/her OCB. Thus, it is illustrated that job satisfaction is a very weak predictor for OCB. Whereas there is a relation between satisfaction in working with OCB, although he states this depends on gender, age and length of work [2]. Next, research in Indonesia itself. There is an influence, both organizational commitment and job satisfaction with OCB on employees in a private enterprise in Yogyakarta [3]. The interested one is research using student respondents who were involved in student organizations [4]. The results also show the same thing, namely the http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 107 International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management influence of job satisfaction on OCB. Another reasearch also found that student employees had a high OCB towards the organization where he worked compared to the campus he studied. But what must be considered that the respondents are student employees who work part time on their campuses [5]. However, job satisfaction does not affect OCB. The behavior of being a good corporate citizens/employees (good corporate citizens), not necessarily because of employee satisfaction at work. Such behavior may be caused by other factors, such as religiosity and organizational climate. The factor of religiosity itself is the strongest factor [6]. Therefore, researchers see that there is still few literatures that analyzing religiosity behavior towards OCB. Moreover, this research uses student as respondents. Students themselves are divided into pure students who are only active on campus (studying and organizing) and student employees, who divide their time to study and working. Student employees at private universities often just study and then go home, without even being interested in being active in campus organization. Student employees have high motivation to study, but must deal with time management for lecturing and working [7]. On the other hand, students who care about campus, join the clubs on campus, take part in campus activities, and help campus friends, are the OCB forms for students [8]. For this reason, a sense of ownership of the campus will become more value for them, when able to become part of the campus. This is what is described as OCB in the student work environment. If student employees have high OCB, lik employees, the campus will have students ith high productivity in academics, save energy resources in maintaining campus functions and coordinate the academic community easily by involving the student workers (9) event thogh they are busy with their job outside campus. On this basis, researchers believe that this study will be able to provide an overview related to OCB behavior that exists in student employees. What's more, researchers also want to see the effect of religiosity on OCB. In a country that upholds religion and is engraved in the first precepts of the state symbol, every individual of Indonesia should be able to carry out their respective religious orders in their daily lives. Previous research conducted on students in Purwokerto, has shown that there is only one dimension that has a significant influence between religiosity and OCB, while other dimensions (ritual, ideological, intellectual, experience) have no influence at all [10]. The same thing happened to teachers and staff in Sleman, where religiosity had no significant effect on OCB [11]. But when the employees as respondents, the research has different results. The religiosity of employees on a private enterprise in Semarang has a significant effect on OCB [12]. Even in state-owned enterprises, religiosity has an influence on OCB [13]. http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 108 International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management Religiosity When discussing religiosity, of course, there are many ways of looking on it. Commonly, religiosity cannot be separated from religion [14]. There are also those who scientifically recognize religiosity in different ways. So that religiosity is closer to the beliefs and activities. Therefore, it need a single concept of religiosity itself. To measure this religiosity, many concepts have been used and the possibility of being related to one another [15]. While, this study using the religiosity approach theory which looks at religiosity in general. For this reason, There are mentions the following three dimensions to measure one's religiosity [16]. a. Participation. It can be described as the intensity of individuals attending or attending religious services. Each region have a different intensity of activities. In Indonesia, religious activities often take place routinely and massively. Praying in congregation conducted 5 times a day is routinely carried out. Not to mention the recitation, istghosah, grand takbir to rituals that are harmonized with local culture. Other religions (Protestant, Catholic, Hindu, Buddhist and Confucian, as minority religions) also carry out their rituals freely and routinely. Because the government has guaranteed the implementation of religious activities and stated in the law, making the intensity of religious service activities is certainly strong in Indonesia. This is what further grows the seeds of mutual respect and preserves interfaith harmony. It can be described the intensity of attending religious services is so high. Religious activities themselves are the joints of individual life in Indonesia [17]. For that reason, facilities to be able to carry out religious activities are provided places of worship anywhere. Starting in cities, villages, offices, schools, even prisons. Such individuals are said to have extrinsic religiosity because they carry out ritual activities to meet their inner needs [18]. b. Importance. Here individuals feel the need for God's presence in their lives. In their daily lives, individuals will feel that God will always watch over them so they will always be careful when they act. There are still Western societies in the US who believe in the role and intervention of God in creating the universe [19]. Therefore, they represent their gratitude with prayer and worship. Such individuals truly believe that God exists, without the need for sensory evidence. This is what shows the individual's own faith [20]. This faith is born from the existence of confidence in him on the existence of God. Attitude arises because of his faith. Then seen in the form of behavior [21]. Faith is http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 109 International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management c. what drives the individual to always be close to God and feel the need for God's presence in him. It is included as intrinsic religiosity [18]. Meaning. This is the frequency which one ponders the meaning and purpose of life. Many in psychology studies show that the meaning of life is always related to the level of welfare. Individuals who have the meaning of a good life in themselves, then have the opportunity to survive longer [22]. Even more interesting when the meaning of life devided into 3 views [23]: (1) a broad sense of life and individual sense; (2) a core sense in the purpose and direction of one's life; and (3) a sense of value inherent in life and have a life worth living. While the meaning of life by students is different from the results [17], how a student when viewed by the meaning of his life in terms of religion, family, social interaction, new moments, love, emotions, and challenges, shows that the meaning of life is more towards emotional factors and social interaction. There is explained more emotional factors to how they have benefits for others, while social interaction actors lead to the ability to solve challenges [24]. Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) The concept of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) has been widely illustrated by several figures, such as: [25], [26] to [27]. Also, there has been a development in understanding problems with the OCB approach [26]. So, that it can provide conceptual understanding and differences between various forms of citizenship behavior (citizenship behavior). But in broad outline OCB can be defined as free employee behavior, such as helping other employees, voluntarily promoting their organization, which is an important factor to see the performance of the organization [28]. OCB itself has indicators including [27]: a) Altruism, discretionary behavior to help others specifically to relevant tasks. b) Sportmanship, the willingness of employees to tolerate less than ideal conditions without complaints. c) Civic Virtue, individual behavior that shows that he is an individual who participates deeply and is responsible, such as being involved in, or caring about the state of the organization. d) Conscientiousness, discretionary behavior of employees that goes well beyond the minimum role in the organization, obeying rules, attendance, rest, and so on. e) Courtesy, discretionary behavior in individuals that aims to prevent the occurrence of problems related to work with others. http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 110 International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management Religiosity and OCB The relevance of religiosity to OCB can be seen from research which shows that intrinsic religious factors (the emotional connection of individuals with religious values) have more influence on OCB than extrinsic religious factors (only carrying out religious activities for their own benefit) [18]. But in this study, researchers looked at religiosity factors in general. Therefore, researchers want to see the influence of each of the dimensions that exist in religiosity [29]. So the hypothesis in this study on figure 1 are: H1 Dimension of participation has an influence on OCB. H2 Dimension of importance has an influence on OCB. H3 Dimension of meaning has an influence on OCB. Participation Importance Organizational Citizenship Behavior Meaning Fig 1.. Conceptual Framework II. METHODS This research was conducted in South Tangerang with a target population of student employees at tertiary institutions in South Tangerang. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach to prove hypotheses with statistical analysis. Judging from the type of this research is the type of correlational research, namely research that seeks to connect two or more variables based on facts that have occcurred through data collection, data processing, than analyzing and finally expalining. The sampling method used is accidental sampling which is one of the nonprobability sampling techniques. The sample used in this study were 174 student employees. Profile of respondents can be seen in the table 1. http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 111 International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management Table 1. Profile of Respondents Gender Amount of Respondents Female Male 115 59 Religion Amount of Respondents Islam Protestant Catholic Hindu Buddhist Confucian Other 157 9 7 0 1 0 0 Data collection in this study used a questionnaire that developed a variable of religiosity totaling 9 items and OCB variables totaling 15 items. All research variables are measured using a Likert scale; where: 5 as strongly agree until 1 as strongly disagree. Data obtained from respondents, then processed using a tool that is SPSS ver 22. The analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression. III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION The research results directly present the data and results obtained from the study. This section only provides a narrative description of the results of the study without any interpretation or evaluation.In this part of the discussion, researcher interprets the meaning of the results of the study, both in accordance with expectations or not. Following are the results of his research. Table 2. Correlation Model Summary Std. Error of the Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Estimate a 1 .364 .133 .118 4.479 a. Predictors: (Constant), PARTICIPATION, IMPORTANCE, MEANING Table 2 explains the magnitude of the correlation / relationship (R) value of 0.364 and the coefficient of determination (R square) of 0.133. This shows that the influence of independent variables (Meaning, Importance and Participation) on related variables (OCB) is 13.3%. From the output of table 3, it is known that the calculated F value = 8,732 with a significance level of 0,000 <0.05, then the regression model can be used to predict the http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 112 International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management participation variable or in other words there is the influence of the Meaning (X1), Importance (X2) and Participation (X3) variable of the OCB variable (Y). Table 3. ANOVA Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F 1 Regressio 525.550 3 175.183 8.732 n Residual 3430.828 171 20.063 Total 3956.377 174 a. Dependent Variable: OCB b. Predictors: (Constant), PARTICIPATION, IMPORTANCE, MEANING Sig. .000b While from table 3 it can be seen that the constant value (a) is 39,348 while the Participation value (b / regression coefficient X1) is 0.794, the Importance Value (b / regression coefficient X2) is -0.01, and the Meaning value (b / regression coefficient X3 ) equal to 0.729, so the regression equation can be written: Y = a + bX1 + bX2 + bX3, or Y = 39,348 + 0.794X1-0,001X2 + 0.729X3 The equation can be translated as follows: 1. A constant of 39,348 implies that the consistent value of the variable Religiosity is equal to 39,348. 2. Regression coefficient X1 of 0.794 states that for each addition of 1% OCB value, the Participation value increases 0.794. The regression coefficient is positive. So that it can be said that the direction of the influence of variable X1 on Y is positive. 3. Regression coefficient X2 of -0,001 states that for each addition of 1% OCB value, the importance value decreases 0.001. The regression coefficient is negative. So it can be said that the direction of the effect of variable X2 on Y is negative. 4. Regression coefficient X3 of 0.729 states that for each addition of 1% OCB value, the Meaning value increases 0.729. The regression coefficient is positive. So it can be said that the direction of the influence of the X3 variable on Y is positive. From the output above, it is known that: H1. Variable X1 (Participation) has a calculated T value = 3.306 with a significance level of 0.001 <0.05. Then the regression model can be used to predict the participation variable or in other words the Participation variable (X1) influences the OCB variable (Y). http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 113 International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management H2. Variable X2 (Importance) has a calculated T value of -0.04 with a significance level of 0.997> 0.05. Then the regression model can be used to predict the participation variable or in other words the Importance variable (X2) does not affect the OCB variable (Y). H3. Variable X3 (Meaning) has a calculated T value of 2.856 with a significance level of 0.005 <0.05. Then the regression model can be used to predict the participation variable or in other words the Meaning variable (X3) influences the OCB variable (Y). IV. CONCLUSION This section concludes that partially the Participation variable (X1) has a positive influence on the OCB variable (Y). If there is an increase in the Participation aspect, OCB will also increase. The variable Importance (X2) has no influence on the OCB variable (Y). If there is an increase in the aspects of importance, OCB has no influence from the increase, it could be decreased. The Meaning variable (X3) has a positive influence on the OCB variable (Y). If there is an increase in the Meaning aspect, then OCB also increases. Simultaneously the variables Participation (X1), Importance (X2), and Meaning (X3) have an influence on the OCB variable (Y). If there is an increase in the aspects of participation, importance and meaning, then the OCB also increases. The results of this study are same as the research which shows that religiosity can be used to predict employees at UIN Sultan Syarim Kasim [30], public universities in Malaysia [31] and social workers in Muslim countries [32]. In fact, it is also necessary for organizations to accommodate religious activities to inculcate religiosity, which turns out to be able to expedite and streamline the functioning of the organization itself [33]. Briefly the results and discussion of the study. This section also explains the implications of the results, limitations of the study and recommendations for the development of future research. REFERENCES [1] M. 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