EJERS, European Journal of Engineering Research and Science
GSM Based Automatic Energy Meter Reading and Billing
System
Mohammad G. Mortuza, Zia U. Ahmed, Hassan Jaki, Md. Razu Ahmed, Mohammed J. Uddin, and
Md. Humayun Kabir
Abstract—These instructions give you guidelines for
preparing papers for an existence without electricity can't be
thought of since it turns into an integral part of human life. In
a developing country, people use postpaid electricity for their
own purposes. Be that as it may, they do not know the amount
of electricity they have consumed and how much cost they have
done likewise till they receive the consumption bill at the end of
the month. Also, in prepaid meters, to see consumption details,
people have to go in front of the meter. In this research, a
system has been designed based on GSM technology to solve
this problem. The prepaid meter must be recharged; as a
result, clients can use the electricity. The system alerts the
client for any kind of emergency. Besides, when the client is
away from the house, he can easily switch off the supply of
electricity by sending an SMS. This project will support both
society and country because it helps to reduce the wastage of
electricity and to check electricity consumption and bill from
remote distances.
Index Terms—GSM, Automatic Meter Reading, Electricity
Meter.
I. INTRODUCTION
In the propelled time of development, we came to
consider distinctive remote-control structures for our
mechanical assemblies or machines. GSM Based Automatic
Energy Meter examining System is the progression of along
these lines gathering use, interpretive, and status data from
importance metering devices and trading that data to a
region database for charging, asking about, and separating.
This development, for the most part, spares utility suppliers
the cost of broken trips to each physical zone to dismember
a meter. Another favored viewpoint is that invigorating can
be resolved to close driving forward use rather than on
appraisals subject to past or anticipated utilize. This ideal
data joined with the examination can associate with both
utility suppliers and clients better control the use and
strategy of electric energy, gas utilities, or water use. The
Automatic Meter Reading structure is moreover prepared to
give a course of action of different organizations, which are
Published on June 23, 2020.
M. G. Mortuza, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong,
Bangladesh. (e-mail: mortuzaete@gmail.com)
Z. U. Ahmed, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong,
Bangladesh. (e-mail: zia.ete10@gmail.com)
H. Jaki, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong,
Bangladesh. (e-mail: hassanjaki11@gmail.com)
M. R. Ahmed, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong,
Bangladesh. (e-mail: razu17@iiuc.ac.bd)
M. J. Uddin, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong,
Bangladesh. (e-mail: jashimcuet@yahoo.com)
M. H. Kabir, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong,
Bangladesh. (e-mail: mdhkrrabby@gmail.com)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.6.1963
important for the administration associations in their
undertaking and orchestrating And bolster; they are stack
organization, power outage and accuse uncovering,
customer organizations, Control Quality checking,
mastermind organization, theft area, charging, balance
settling, vitality settling, asset organization, energy usage
information, intrusion announcing and so forth.
Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a standard created by
the European Telecommunications Standards Institute to
depict the traditions for second-age instigated cell structures
used by phones, for instance, tablets. It was first sent to
Finland in December 1991. Beginning in 2014, it has
transformed into the overall standard for compact trades –
with over 90% bit of the pie, working in excess of 193
countries and areas.
The electricity meter is a contraption that checks the level
of electric energy eaten up by a living methodology, a
business, or an electrically controlled device. Electric
utilities use electric meters to appear at customers' premises
for charging purposes. They are routinely adjusted in
charging units; the most all things considered surveyed that
one being the kilowatt-hour (kWh). They are routinely
investigated once each charging period. Unequivocally
when imperativeness saves assets in the midst of particular
periods are required, a few meters may measure ask for, the
most absurd use of force in some between times.
Automatic meter reading (AMR) is the movement of in
like manner collecting use, illustrative, and status
information from water meter or energy metering
contraptions and exchanging that information to an area
database for charging, looking, isolating. Another fantastic
position is that invigorating can be resolved to close moving
use as opposed to on evaluations subject to past or foreseen
utilize. This worthwhile data joined with examination can
bolster both utility suppliers and clients' better control of the
utilization and enhancement of electric energy, gas utilities,
or water utility. AMR improvements unite handheld,
adaptable, and organize drives dependent on correspondence
stages (wired and remote), radio rehash (RF), or electrical
cable transmission.
II. RELATED WORK
V. Preethi and G. Harish mention that the energy meter is
a contraption that gauges the proportion of electric energy
eaten up by a home, business, or an electrically filled device
[1] Noor-E-Jannat, M. O. Islam, and M. S. Salakin mentions
that A GSM digitizes and reduces the data, by then sends it
down through a channel with two unmistakable surges of
client data, each in its own particular timetable opening [2].
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L. C. Saikia, H. Das, and T. Malakar mention that The
electromechanical enrollment meter works by checking the
unrests of a non-drawing in, a metal plate which turns at a
speed concerning the power experiencing the meter [3] A.
Jain, D. Kumar, and J. Kedia mentions that Electronic
meters demonstrate the energy used on an LCD or LED
show, and some transmit readings to remote spots [4]. R. G.
Sarangle, U. Pandit, K. Prof, and J. Modi mention that the
AMR framework is an effect for remote checking and
controls private significance meter. AMR framework gives
the data of meter dismembering [5] control cut, mean stack
utilized, control free and cementing on intrigue, or in many
cases especially between times through SMS. The designing
of web organizations based customized meter scrutinizing
system has delineated. O. Kesav and B. Rahim mention that
data sent and gotten by concerned energy Provider
Company with the assistance of Global structure for flexible
correspondence facilitate. Energy supplier gets the meter
surveying inside a second without visiting a man [6] H. G.
R. Tan, C. H. R. Lee, and V. H. Mok mention that In [7], a
novel Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) structure has
proposed using the IEEE 802.15.4-obvious remote
frameworks to visit with energy meter. The work deal with
based Automatic Utility Data Collection System (AUDCS)
gives a cost-capable design by inquisitive about the selfaffiliation, self-settling limits of the work organization, and
using semiconductor chips and the radio handsets superb
with IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Thousif ahamed and
A.Sreedevi mention that Analog signals are been seen from
the two information channels, which will be changed over
into Digital signals by ADC uninhibitedly. With the two
affected information signals transmitted to the
microcontroller by techniques for SPI custom, dsPIC33F
figures the power accordingly, imperativeness ate up will be
gathered after a foreordained period. [8] Sarwar Shahidi,
Md. Abdul Gaffar, Khosru, and M. Salim mention that
AMR is a framework whereby the Energy Meter sends the
recorded power usage of a nuclear family in the particular
between the time period to a "remotely" related, which could
be a (PC) or central server of intensity dispersing affiliations
[9] Priyanka Dighe, Tushar Dhanani, and Kumar Gangwani
mention that GSM is an approach to remotely screen and
control centrality meter readings. Its tendencies to take a
gander at imperativeness meters without visiting each
house/affiliation [10]. This structure contains a
microcontroller, which takes the readings at general breaks
and records it in its memory
Fig. 1. Outline of GSM Based Automatic Energy Meter perusing
framework
A 12V 3A power supply has been used as the GSM
module needs high current flow to be activated. The pulse
pin of the energy meter is connected with the Arduino UNO
development board. This meter gives 3200 pulses for 1 unit
of energy consumed. The total energy consumed is
calculated by this information. The GSM module intercepts
SMS and sends the data to Arduino. Arduino gives
responses to those SMS by AT commands. The outputs are
shown in the onboard display as well as the clients can see
those data through SMS.
START
Initialize
GSM-GPRS Module
NO
Connected?
YES
Check Balance
Balance < 15 TK ?
No
Check Balance
Send SMS
Yes
Balance = 0 TK ?
Power Disconnect
No
Check if client wants
balance query
Balance query
sequence received ?
Send SMS
Yes
Display Balance
No
Check if client wants
remote shutdown
Remote Shutdown
Sequence received ?
III. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The outline of the GSM-based Automatic Energy Meter
perusing framework is given below. In the block diagram,
we see an electric energy meter is interfaced with an
Arduino board. The Arduino board is further interfaced with
a 5V relay module, a 20X4 LCD display, and a SIM 900A
GSM module.
Display Alert
Message
Yes
Send Confirmation
SMS
Yes
Turn off load
No
Check Recharge
Sequence
Send Confirmation
SMS
Yes
Recharge Successful ?
No
Display Alert
Message
End
Fig. 2. Flowchart of the procedure
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.6.1963
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Fig. 3. Simulation Circuit of the System
In this project shown in Fig. 3, the watt, total pulse, and
total cost have measured. The measuring value has shown in
a 20x4 liquid crystal display (LCD) including balance.
These measured data have sent to the distributor’s cell
phone via SMS by GSM 900A module. Here, line voltage
has connected with the Arduino board which has calibrated
by a 12*2V, 3A transformer. The rating of voltage, current,
and energy has shown in the LCD display. The output value
of energy (unit) and unit cost has sent to the distributor
mobile. There is also a manual switch when we press it SMS
send to distributors mobile. When power is supplied from
line voltage, we see in the LCD display that it initializes
with a heading ''Automatic Energy Meter by Ashif & Jaki''.
Then the microcontroller of the Arduino tries to detect the
GSM module by showing the “Finding module” text on
LCD. After successful detection, “Module connected” text
appeared in the LCD. Then the module tries to find network
(showing in LCD "Finding network") to whom it would
send SMS to inform about a watt, total cost, balance, total
pulse. When the network is found, a "Network Found" text
is shown in the display. Then a "System Ready" text is
displayed in the LCD indicating that the whole system is
ready to inform. The founded network which we may call
consumer mobile gets an SMS as "System Ready". The
consumer gets a low balance alert when the balance is under
a certain balance (here 15tk) level alarming him to recharge
his energy meter soon. The consumer further gets an SMS
indicating light cut down due to very low balance
(hereunder 5tk) and suggesting him to recharge very soon.
The consumer can recharge by sending SMS as typing
*A.balance amount# (such as *A.20#). To know
information at any time, the consumer can send an SMS by
typing *A.total#.
IV. EQUIPMENT DETAILS
A. Hardware Module Description
In this paper different instruments and technologies have
been used for achieving the better output within the desired
architecture. Sensors and modules are discussed below:
B. Arduino Nano
Arduino Nano is an exceedingly small development board
which supports ATmega328 microcontroller. It has vast
technical features. Nano has 14 digital I/O pins among
which PWM output is provided by 6 pins.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.6.1963
Fig. 4. Pinout of Arduino ATmega328 [11]
It has 8 analog input pins. It also has 32 KB of flash
memory, 2 KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM. Nano's
clock speed is 16 MHz. Besides, it has an operating voltage
of 5 V at logic level and recommended input voltage is 712V [12].
C. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
LCD displays has seen everywhere. Computers, calculators,
television sets, mobile phones, digital watches use display to
display the time. An LCD is an electronic display module,
which uses liquid crystal to produce a visible image. The
20×4 LCD display is a basic module commonly used in
DIYs and circuits. The 20×4 translates a display 20
characters per line in four such lines.
Fig. 5. Liquid crystal display [13]
Fig. 5 shows the external view and pin function of 20*4
LCD display. It is use for displaying output voltage, current,
unit and unit cost [13].
D. A.C 1 phase 2-Wire Static Energy Meter
Single phase static electronic energy meter is designed to
meter residential and small commercial energy consumers in
distribution networks. The meter is designed to offer reliable
energy measurement in single phase circuit and is highly
suitable for metering and remote communication purposes.
Best Suitable for Billing tenant & for cross checking Energy
Meter being used in home.
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Fig. 8. Relay Module [16]
Fig. 6. A.C 1 phase 2-Wire Static Energy Meter [14]
E. SIM 900A GSM GPRS Module
The SIM900A is a complete Dual-band GSM/GPRS
solution in a SMT module which can be embedded in the
customer applications.
To put it simply, it is an automatic switch to control a
high-current circuit with a low-current signal [16].
V. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
In this system shown in figure 4, the power supply is
provided to the meter. A GSM unit shows the interfacing
with the microcontroller.
Fig. 7. SIM 900A GSM GPRS Module [15]
Featuring an industry-standard interface, the SIM900A
delivers GSM/GPRS 900/1800MHz performance for voice,
SMS, Data, and Fax in a small form factor and with low
power consumption. With a tiny configuration of
24mmx24mmx3mm, SIM900A can fit in almost all the
space requirements in user applications, especially for slim
and compact demand of design [15].
F. Relay Module
5V Relay Module is a relay interface board, it can be
controlled directly by a wide range of microcontrollers such
as Arduino, AVR, PIC, ARM and so on. The Relay Module
is a convenient board which can be used to control high
voltage, high current load such as motor, solenoid valves,
lamps and AC load. It uses a low-level triggered control
signal (3.3-5VDC) to control the relay. Triggering the relay
operates the normally open or normally closed contacts. It is
frequently used in an automatic control circuit.
Fig. 9. Hardware of GSM based Automatic Energy Meter Reading system
Transmission of usage details is sent to the office modem
using a user modem. Every consumer has a unique number
provided by corresponding authority. The use of an
embedded system improves the stability of wireless data
transmission. For long-distance transmission, GSM
telecommunication has shown excellent performance in any
condition.
VI. PROJECT RESULT
Result of the project and result analysis shown in below
Fig. 10. Shows the total watt, cost, balance, and total pulse for 100 W load
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.6.1963
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risk of energy theft and unnecessary consumption of energy.
The principle vision of this task is that it lessens the manual
control and robbery. It spares a considerable measure of
time. The framework is quick and exceedingly dependable
as it gives constant information. It is effortlessly
incorporated with information securing and information
exchange. This venture can be a commitment to the exertion
of the Govt. of Bangladesh to make Digital Bangladesh.
Fig. 11. Message in consumer’s mobile
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Fig. 12. Message showing low balance alert
Fig. 13. Message showing light cut down alert
The result has taken for a 100-watt load. Also, the GSM
module successfully sent SMS.
The process of getting outputs as shown below. At first, it
takes some time for initializing, then it measures voltage,
current, energy (unit), total pulse, and cost. Later, this
information is sent to the distributor mobile by SMS.
Figure 10 shows the output information to be sent by the
GSM module to the consumer’s mobile. Figure 11 shows
message/SMS in consumer’s mobile sent via GSM module.
Figure 12 shows a low balance alert in the consumer’s
mobile when the balance is below 15tk.
Figure 13 shows light cut down alert due to a very low
balance alert when the balance is below 5tk.
VII. CONCLUSION
This project is finished with extraordinary supervision
and care of circuit outlining and collecting. Saving
electricity and efficient distribution of it is a prime concern
of modern technologies. In progressing countries like
Bangladesh, assuring efficient electricity consumption and
distribution is a must. Often people have to leave their
houses for different purposes and want remote access to
their energy meter for turning on / off it. Sometimes people
want to plan how much electricity he wants to consume in a
month and schedule accordingly. So, they need to know how
much has been consumed and how much left of the plan.
Also, if the target reaches before the term, the target should
be modified. But existing models don’t support this feature.
Our project will complete these purposes. It will lessen the
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.6.1963
The author is thankful to the Project Supervisor Engr.
Md. Raju Ahmed, Associate Professor, Department of
Electronic
and
Telecommunication
Engineering,
International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira,
Chattogram-4318, Bangladesh, Engr. Mohammad Jashim
Uddin, Chairman and Assistant Professor of the Department
of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering,
International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira,
Chattogram-4318, Bangladesh, for providing research
facility and valuable suggestions for this work. Also, thanks
to Md. Humayun Kabir, Adjunct Faculty, Department of
Electronic
and
Telecommunication
Engineering,
International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira,
Chattogram-4318, Bangladesh, for Writing - review, editing
and formal analysis of this research work.
REFERENCES
[1]
Preethi, V & Harish, G. (2016). Design and implementation of smart
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[2] M. M. Rahman, Noor-E-Jannat, M. O. Islam and M. S. Salakin,
"Arduino and GSM based smart energy meter for advanced metering
and billing system," 2015 International Conference on Electrical
Engineering and Information Communication Technology
(ICEEICT), Dhaka, 2015, pp. 1-6.
[3] L. C. Saikia, H. Das, N. B. Dev Choudhury and T. Malakar, "GPRS
enabled smart energy meter with in-home display and application of
time of use pricing," 2016 IEEE Annual India Conference
(INDICON), Bangalore, 2016, pp. 1-5.
[4] A. Jain, D. Kumar, and J. Kedia, "Design and Development of GSM
based Energy Meter", International Journal of Computer Applications
(0975 – 888), Volume 47– No.12, June 2012
[5] R. G. Sarangle, U. Pandit, K. Prof, and J. Modi, “GSM Based Power
Meter Reading,” vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 273–279, 2012.
[6] O. Kesav and B. Rahim, “Automated Wireless Meter Reading System
for Monitoring and Controlling Power Consumption,” Proc. - 2014
IJES Natl. Conf. Intel. Electron. Common. Eng. (NCIECE 15), no. 2,
pp. 70–74, 2015.
[7] H. G. R. Tan, C. H. R. Lee, and V. H. Mok, “Automatic power meter
reading system using GSM network,” 2007 Int. Power Eng. Conf.
(IPEC 2007), pp. 465–469, 2007.
[8] Thousif ahamed, A.Sreedevi, 2014, "Design and Development of PIC
Microcontroller Based 3 Phase Energy Meter," International Journal
of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology.
Volume 3, Special Issue 1, 2014
[9] Sarwar Shahidi, Md. Abdul Gaffar, Khosru M. Salim, 2013, "Design
and implementation of Digital Energy Meter with data sending
capability using GSM network,"2nd International Conference on
Advances in Electrical Engineering (ICAEE 2013), 19-21 December,
2013
[10] Priyanka Dighe, Tushar Dhanani, Kumar Gangwani, "Design and
Implementation of Automatic Meter Reading System Using GSM,"
International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and
Software Engineering, vol2, edition 5, May 2012
[11] Pinout.guide: arduino and attiny pinouts. (2020). Retrieved 10 June
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Mahiuddin and M. J. Hoque, "Internet of Things Based Patient Health
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[13]
[14]
[15]
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Technology (ICIET), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2018, pp. 1-5, doi:
10.1109/CIET.2018.8660846.
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https://eighbooks.xyz/read.php?q=20_X_4_Character_Lcd_Vishay
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Mohammad Golam Mortuza (M. G. Mortuza)
received his B.Sc. degree in Electronic and
Telecommunication Engineering from International
Islamic University Chittagong in 2018. He worked as
Teaching Assistant in the same department for six
months after that. He currently works as freelance
embedded system designer and hardware system
analyst for some progressive startup companies. His
research interests include Internet of Things (IoT),
robotics, wireless sensor network design, embedded
system design, wireless communication etc.
Zia Uddin Ahmed (Z. U. Ahmed) completed B.Sc.
degree in Electronic and Telecommunication
Engineering from International Islamic University
Chittagong in 2018. After graduation he worked as
web application developer from 2019 to 2020. He is
currently working in a startup company, Developing
IoT based Oil tank monitoring for large vehicles. He
shows interest in different sectors like Internet of
Things (IoT), Robotics, machine learning, Algorithm,
Embedded system etc.
Hassan Jaki (H. Jaki) received his B.Sc. degree in
Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering from
International Islamic University Chittagong in 2017.
He worked as a Telecom Maintenance Site Engineer
at Zamil Infra Pvt. Ltd. for half of a year. He
currently works as an Assistant Teacher in AlHidaayah International Scool at Department of
Scienc. His Research interests include Cooperative
Wireless Communications and Network Coding,
Networks for Environment Pollution Monitoring and
Network for Health Monitoring..
Md. Razu Ahmed (M. R. Ahmed), M.Sc. Engg. in Telecommunication at
Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand. He has been serving as
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.6.1963
an Associate Professor in the department of Electronic and
Telecommunication Engineering under the Faculty of Science and
Engineering of International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC),
Bangladesh. His work has been published in more than 10 papers in the
International Journal and Conference. His research interest includes
Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless Communication and Error Correction
Coding. Engr. M. R. Ahmed has served as a Technical Program Committee
Member for the IEEE and the IEEE International Conference on
Innovations in Science, Engineering and Technology..
Mohammed Jashim Uddin (M.J. Uddin) was born
in 1979 in Chittagong, Bangladesh. He received a
B.Sc. degree in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
from Chittagong University of Engineering &
Technology (CUET), Chittagong, Bangladesh, and
the M.Sc. degree in Electronic and Communication
Engineering from University of Greenwich, Medway,
UK in 2004 and 2009, respectively. Since 2004, he
has been involved at PHP Float Glass Industry,
Chittagong, Bangladesh as an Assistant Engineer,
where he was engaged with the 10MW power plant for Gas and Diesel
generator. In 2006, he joined MARS Textile Limited, Chittagong,
Bangladesh as a Senior Engineer. In 2008, he worked for Texcel
Technology plc, Dartford, UK as a Test Technician, where his
responsibility was involved with PCB Testing, Inspection, and Assembly.
His research interests are Renewable and Sustainable Energy, Solar cell, RF
and Microwave Power Amplifier, and Antenna & Wave Propagation and
signal processing. He is currently serving as an Assistant Professor in
International Islamic University Chittagong under the Electronic and
Telecommunication Engineering Department. He has authored or
coauthored over 15 publications. Engr. M. J. Uddin has served as a
Technical Program Committee Member for the IEEE and the IEEE
International Conference on Innovations in Science, Engineering and
Technology.
Md. Humayun Kabir (M. H. Kabir) received his
B.Sc. (2018) in Electronic and Telecommunication
Engineering from International Islamic University
Chittagong, Bangladesh. He is currently serving as an
Adjunct Lecturer in Electronic & Telecommunication
Engineering at International Islamic University
Chittagong. His research interests include Next
Generation Wireless Communication, Internet of
Things (IoT), Smart Grid, Optical Fiber
Communication, Computer Network, and Network
Security. His work has been documented in more than 9 research
publication and research poster in the international journal papers or
conference proceedings. More information about his research is available at
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Md_Kabir14.
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