Replication of the Adjustment Scales for Children and Adolescents (ASCA) core syndrome factor structure with a sample of 124 randomly selected Hispanic/Latino youths is reported. The six ASCA core syndromes produced the identical two-factor solution observed in other samples. Principal-axis exploratory factor analysis using multiple factor extraction criteria and varimax, direct oblimin, and promax rotations produced nearly identical factor structure coefficients. Consistent with earlier studies, the ASCA was observed to measure two independent dimensions of youth psychopathology (Overactivity and Underactivity) that are similar to the conduct problems/ externalizing and withdrawal/internalizing dimensions typically found in the child psychopathology assessment literature.

Surveys and instruments used in Castañeda et al 2021, "Symptoms of PTSD and Depression among Central American Immigrant Youth." Traumas Care.

Background: The construct " identity " was discussed to be integrated as an important criterion for diagnosing personality disorders in DSM-5. According to Kernberg, identity diffusion is one of the relevant underlying structures in terms of personality organization for developing psychopathology, especially borderline personality disorder. Therefore, it would be important to differentiate healthy from pathological development already in adolescence. With the questionnaire termed AIDA (Assessment of Identity Development in Adolescence), a reliable and valid self-rating inventory was introduced by Goth, Foelsch, Schlueter-Mueller, & Schmeck (2012) to assess pathology-related identity development in healthy and disturbed adolescents. To test the usefulness of the questionnaire in Mexico, we contributed to the development of a culture-specific Spanish translation of AIDA and tested the reliability and aspects of validity of the questionnaire in a juvenile Mexican sample. Methods: An adapted Spanish translation of AIDA was developed by an expert panel from Chile, Mexico, and Spain in cooperation with the original authors, focusing on content equivalence and comprehensibility by considering specific idioms, life circumstances, and culture-specific aspects. The psychometric properties of the Spanish version were first tested in Mexico. Participants were 265 students from a state school (N = 110) and private school (N = 155), aged between 12 and 19 years (mean 14.15 years). Of these, 44.9% were boys and 55.1% were girls. Item characteristics were analyzed by several parameters, scale reliability by Cronbach's Alpha, and systematic effects of gender, age, and socioeconomics by an analysis of variance (ANOVA). We evaluated aspects of criterion validity in a juvenile justice system sample (N = 41) of adolescent boys in conflict with the law who displayed various types of behavioral problems by comparing the AIDA scores of a subgroup with signs for borderline pathology (N = 14) with the scores obtained in the student sample using T-tests.

Background: Three out of ten children in Germany have an immigrant background and this proportion will increase further. While immigrant youth has been found more vulnerable to developing symptoms of depression and anxiety, the underlying mechanisms of how such disparities develop across youth development are still understudied. Some previous research has found that immigrant youth are at risk of experiencing a less positive self-concept compared to non-immigrant youth. We investigated whether the self-concept is a mediator for such mental health disparities. Moreover, we explored variability in such associations from middle childhood to late adolescence.Methods: Overall 1907 children and adolescents aged 5-18 years (M=14 years, SD=3.03, 49.8% female, n=782 with immigrant status) participated in a cross-sectional self-report survey in school settings using scales from the Beck’s Youth Inventories II [1] to assess self-concept and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Links between the...

This paper discusses a study that examined the relationship between acculturation and socioeconomic status (SES) on two scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent (MMPI-A) for Hispanic adolescents (N=65). The study hypothesized that higher levels of acculturation and SES in Hispanic adolescents would be related to scale L (Lie) and related directly to scale 5 (Masculinity-Femininity) of the MMPI-A. The study also hypothesized that acculturation and SES would not differ in their relative contributions to Scales 1 and 5. The findings did not support the inverse relationship between levels of acculturation, SES, and Scale L; nor did they support the direct relationship between levels of acculturation, SES, and Scale 5. These findings are contrary to research findings with Hispanic adults and the MMPI and MMPI-2. The results suggest that low acculturated and low SES Hispanic adolescents in this sample responded with an appropriate balance between admitting and ...

Definimos el comportamiento del consumidor como el comportamiento que los consumidores exhiben al buscar, comprar, utilizar, evaluar y desechar productos y servicios que ellos esperan que satisfagan sus necesidades. El comportamiento del consumidor se enfoca en la manera en que los consumidores y las familias o los hogares toman decisiones para gastar sus recursos disponibles (tiempo, dinero, esfuerzo) en artículos relacionados con el consumo. Eso incluye lo que compran, por qué lo compran, cuándo, dónde, con qué frecuencia lo compran, con qué frecuencia lo utilizan, cómo lo evalúan después de la compra, el efecto de estas evaluaciones sobre compras futuras, y cómo lo desechan. Si bien todos los consumidores son únicos, una de las constantes más importantes entre todos nosotros, a pesar de nuestras diferencias, es que todos somos consumidores. Por lo regular usamos o consumimos alimentos, ropa, albergue, transporte, educación, equipo, vacaciones, necesidades, lujos, servicios e incluso ideas. Como consumidores, desempeñamos un rol vital en la salud de las economías local, nacional e internacional. Las decisiones de compra que tomamos afectan la demanda de materias primas básicas para la transportación, la producción, la banca; influyen en el empleo de los trabajadores y el despliegue de recursos, el éxito de algunas industrias y el fracaso de otras. Para tener éxito en cualquier negocio, y especialmente en el mercado dinámico y rápidamente evolutivo de la actualidad, los mercadólogos tienen que saber cuanto puedan acerca de los consumidores: lo que desean, lo que piensan, cómo trabajan y cómo emplean su tiempo libre. Necesitan comprender las influencias personales y grupales que afectan las decisiones de los consumidores y la forma en que se toman tales decisiones. Y, en estos días en que las opciones de medios de comunicación van en aumento, no sólo necesitan identificar a su público meta, sino que también deben saber dónde y cómo llegar a él. En su sentido más amplio, el comportamiento del consumidor describe dos tipos diferentes de entidades de consumo: el consumidor personal y el consumidor organizacional.

Aunque la orientalización de la Península Ibérica ya estuviese en marcha, es bajo el signo del emir ‘Abd ar-Rahman II que ésta se hace constante, estableciéndose en su más alto exponente cultural. Contrata para su corte letrados, poetas, filósofos, astrónomos y cantantes, inscribiéndose en este punto Ziryab, protagonista de la orientalización que se manifiesta en la época. A través del análisis del capítulo del Muqtabis II de Ibn Hayyan sobre Ziryab, éste ensayo intentará demostrar que se introducen en al-Andalus novedades que llegan desde la corte abasida y que fascinan Córdoba e impulsan su orientalización. Si fue o no Ziryab un personaje importante en la introducción de reformas administrativas, eso es algo que no podrá ser comprobado a través de la lectura del Muqtabis. Todavía encontramos indicios que nos hacen creer que el cantante iraquí ha sido tan influente en la corte cuánto otros que sí tenían importancia para la decisión política.