Language history as charter myth? Scots and the (re)invention of Scotland

Course Overview This course is an elective intended and designed to provide a focus on disability as distinct from illness. Disability Studies approaches disability not as an attribute of an individual's body or mind but as a social relation that creates disadvantages for some people and privileges others based on the presence or absence of stigmatized physical and mental differences. Disability studies provides a critical framework to examine the social practices, cultural representations in various media, and public policies through which shared understandings of disability are developed and expressed, reproduced, contested and reimagined. This course draws on various disciplinary perspectives to understand the broad and complex phenomenon of disability in historical perspective, as represented in literature and culture, and especially as it impinges on medical scenarios.

Recensione di Emanuele Severino, Nascere. E altri problemi della coscienza religiosa, Milano, Rizzoli, pp. 294, € 20,00.

Abstract Background: Twin birth is a type of multiple births when the mother gives birth to two offspring from the same pregnancy. The prevalence rates range from less than 8 twin pregnancies per 1,000 births in the East and Southern Asia, India, and Oceania to 17 or more per 1,000 births in Africa. There are factors to increase the negative birth outcome of twin delivery; from these, some of them are associated with increased maternal age, prim parity, low birth weight, chronic disease, low ANC follow-up, and PROM. Adverse birth outcome for twin delivery is a critical health issue in developing countries such as Ethiopia. It resulted in many bad consequences, neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess birth out come and associated factors of twin’s pregnancy in selected public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Facility based cross sectional study was conducted on 246 maternal records of twin delivery in selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa to assess birth out come and associated factors of twin’s pregnancy from December, 2020-June, 2021.A pretested questionnaire which will be analyzed by SPSS and result will be reported in tables, bivariate and multivariate regression will be done to show correlations by Crude and adjusted odds ratio. A confidence limit of 95% and p- value less than 0.05 will be used as cut of point to see presence of statistical significance. Result: The prevalence of adverse birth outcome (Both maternal and fetal) among twin delivery in the three selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa is 234 (95%). majority, 156(63.4%) were in the age group 18-28 years, with the mean age of 29.78 and Standard deviation of±6.53.Most of the mothers 227(92%) were married. Mothers who had Pregnancy induced hypertension (AOR= 10.465, 95% CI (2.922-37.474)), Mothers who had ruptured membrane before the onset of Labor (AOR= 3.577, 95% CI (1.198-10.682)) and Mothers who labor for more than 12 hours were (AOR= 3.324, 95% CI (1.101-10.034)) were significantly associated with adverse maternal birth outcome. While mothers who had ANC follow up at private clinic (AOR= 0.252, 95% CI (0.098-0.649)) and Mothers who live outside Addis Ababa were unlikely to have adverse fetal outcome (AOR= 0.343, 95% CI (0.143-0.826)). Conclusion: Adverse birth outcome of Twins pregnancy is relatively higher when compared to similar studies conducted in Ethiopia. The Health facilities should have effective risk assessment in Antenatal care unit and labor ward. It is also recommended to have guidelines and protocols for the management of twin’s pregnancy. Since the Prevalence of Adverse twin’s Birth outcome is higher greater attention should be given on both Antepartum and Intrapartum care. Citation: Getaneh, C., Kabtymer, D. C., Lambebo, A. (2024). Birth Outcomes of Twin’s Pregnancy and Associated Factors in Selected Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022. Int Internal Med J, 2(1), 01-11. Keywords: Birth Outcome, Pregnancy, Twin Birth, Ethiopia.

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BackgroundNon-communicable lung disease and exposure to air pollution are major problems in sub-Saharan Africa. A high burden of chronic respiratory symptoms, spirometric abnormalities and air pollution exposures has been found in Malawian adults; whether the same would be true in children is unknown.MethodsThis cross-sectional study of children aged 6–8 years, in rural Malawi, included households from communities participating in the Cooking and Pneumonia Study (CAPS), a trial of cleaner-burning biomass-fuelled cookstoves. We assessed; chronic respiratory symptoms, anthropometry, spirometric abnormalities (using Global Lung Initiative equations) and personal carbon monoxide (CO) exposure. Prevalence estimates were calculated, and multivariable analyses were done.ResultsWe recruited 804 children (mean age 7.1 years, 51.9% female), including 476 (260 intervention; 216 control) from CAPS households. Chronic respiratory symptoms (mainly cough (8.0%) and wheeze (7.1%)) were reported by ...

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The aim of this research was to explain the importance of sport in the use of digital media services on mobile devices. Relevant factors related to mobile TV usage were identified and the strength of their influence was analyzed to show that sport is a driving force for mobile TV usage. Inspired by service-dominant logic (SDL) and the sport value framework (SVF), an innovative research model was specified and tested empirically among three samples from Australia, Germany, and the U.S.A. SDL and SVF suggest value is always co-created and context dependent. Thus, usage situations were integrated as contextual factors in a structural equation model, with interest in sport and other psychological factors as independent variables and mobile TV usage intention as dependent variable. This study is one of the first empirically testing what motives lead to mobile sport viewing and how interest in sport drives mobile TV usage. The empirical findings imply that consumer interest in sport is hi...