An introduction to digital libraries

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ!& ﺑﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ& ‪%‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺮ‪!$‬ﻧﻪ !ﻣﻴﻦﭘﻮ‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪ‬ ‫>= ﻋﺼﺮ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎ‪ 5‬ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮ‪% .‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‪% ،‬ﻣﻜﺎ‪% .‬ﻧﺘﻘﺎ* ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﺷـﺪ ‪ N%‬ﻃـﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﺒﻜـﻪﻫـﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻧـﺮ‪%F‬ﻓﺰ‪=%‬ﻫﺎ ‪ E‬ﺳﺨﺖ‪%‬ﻓﺰ‪=%‬ﻫﺎ‪ 5‬ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪،5‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﺔ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎ‪=% 5‬ﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ‪%‬ﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﻰ ‪% E‬ﻳﻨﺘﺮ‪%‬ﻧﺘﻰ >= ﻛﺸﻮ=ﻫـﺎ ‪ E‬ﻗﺎﺑـﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎ‪ 5‬ﺷﮕﺮ‪O‬‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ=ﺳـﺎﻧـﻪ‪5%‬ﻫﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪%‬ﻧﺘﻘﺎ* ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ﺻﻮ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‪ E ،‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺮ‪NE‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺗﻰ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ >= ﻋﺮﺻﺔ ‪%‬ﻃﻼ^=ﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﺪ ‪%‬ﺳﺖ‪ => .‬ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺮ‪%‬ﻳﻄﻰ ﺑﺮ‪ 5%‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‪،5=%‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‪N‬ﻳﺎﺑﻰ‪% E ،‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ> ‪ N%‬ﻣﻘﺎ>ﻳﺮ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ‪ E‬ﻣﺘﻨﻮ^ ﻣﺘﻮ‪% .‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ >ﻳﺪ‪ E 5=%‬ﺷﻨﻴﺪ‪،5=%‬‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺎ‪E‬ﻳﺮ‪ E ،‬ﻧﻈﺎﻳﺮ ‪ .e‬ﻧﻴﺎ‪N‬ﻣﻨﺪ ﻓﻨﺎ‪ 5=E‬ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ 5‬ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ >ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ* ﻧﺎ‪.>=%> F‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺪ‪%E‬ژﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺘـﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪> 5‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘـﺎ*‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧـﻪﻫﺎ‪ 5‬ﺑﺪ‪> .E‬ﻳـﻮ‪ ،=%‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫـﺎ‪ 5‬ﺑـﺪ‪ .E‬ﻛﺎﻏـﺬ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪ 5‬ﺳﻨﺘﻰ‪% ،‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ >ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ*‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ‪ +‬ﻃﻮ) ﺗﺎﻳﺦ ﻫﻤﻮ! ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪ!‪ ،7‬ﺑﻬﺮﺑﺮ‪! 1 7!+‬ﺷﺎﻋﺔ !ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪1 2‬‬ ‫‪!+‬ﻧﺶ ﺑﺸﺮ‪ 7‬ﺑﻮ‪!+‬ﻧﺪ‪! .‬ﻓﺰ!ﻳﺶ ‪!A1‬ﻓﺰ‪ ?1‬ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫!ﻃﻼﻋـﺎ‪ ،2‬ﮔﺴﺘـﺮ‪ L‬ﺳﺮﻳﻊ !ﻳﻨﺘـﺮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎ‪ 7‬ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮ? !ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺪ!ﻳﺶ ‪ 1‬ﺗﺤﻮ)‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﺳﺎﻧﻪ!ﻫﺎ‪ 1 2‬ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻓﺰ!ﻳﻨﺪ‪ U‬ﭘﮋ‪1‬ﻫﺸﮕﺮ!?‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ! ‪) 66‬ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ ‪(85‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ‪+‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎ‪! 7‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ‪1‬ﻧﻴﻜﻰ !ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪،2‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ‪ 1‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮ‪ +‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ! ‪ +‬ﺟﻬﺎ? !ﻣﺮ‪A1‬‬ ‫‪+‬ﺳﺘﺨﻮ‪ L‬ﺗﺤﻮ) ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ !ﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪ!‪7‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ‪ +‬ﺣﺎ) ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‪! ،‬ﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﮔﺴﺘﺮ‪+‬ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ‪1‬‬ ‫‪'A1‬ﻣﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ !ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻮ‪ 1 +‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻴﺖ '?‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎ? ‪ 1‬ﺑﻪ !ﻓﺰ!ﻳﺶ !ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ !ﻳﻦ !ﺳﺎ) ‪ 1‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﺖ !ﺻﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ‪ +‬ﺑﺮ'‪?+1‬‬ ‫‪ . 1‬ﻛﺎﺷﻨﺎ) !ﺷﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺪ!‪! 1 7‬ﻃﻼ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ‪!+‬ﻧﺸﮕﺎ ﻋﻠﻮ‪ -‬ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ !ﺻﻔﻬﺎ?‬ ‫‪2 . Multimedia‬‬ ‫‪241‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎ"ﻫﺎ ‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﺎ)ﺑﺮ‪% ،'%‬ﻣﺮ‪ !"#‬ﻣﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ‪ %‬ﻃﺮ‪%‬ﺣﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ‪ )7‬ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮ‪ 7‬ﻛﻪ ‪% )7‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎ'‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎ! ‪#‬ﻳﮋ!‪ )7 %) %‬ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﺠﺎ" ‪%‬ﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮ‪% 7‬ﺧﺘﺼﺎ‪%!7%7 %‬ﻧﺪ‪% .‬ﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ‪%7‬ﺷﺘﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ‪ #‬ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‪ %‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪7 "% ،-‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ‪%‬ﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺷﺪ!‪%‬ﻧﺪ)‪/ .(9‬ﻛﺮ‬ ‫‪%‬ﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺿﺮ‪% )#‬ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎ) ﻓﺮ‪%‬ﺗﺮ ‪ "%‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ‪%‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ‪#‬ﻧﻴﻜﻰ ‪#‬‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‪%‬ﻓﺰ‪)%‬ﻫﺎ ﻻ"‪ $‬ﺑﺮ‪ %‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ‪#‬ﻧﻬﺎﺳﺖ‪)7 .‬‬ ‫‪%#‬ﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ‪#‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪ!‪ %‬ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎ‪ # ،‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎ‪-‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ )‪ %‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮ‪!7‬ﺗﺮ ﻣﻰﺳﺎ"ﻧﺪ ‪)7 #‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎ‪% ،‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪ -‬ﻣﺘﻨﻮ* ‪ #‬ﺑﻰﺷﻤﺎ) )‪)7 %‬‬ ‫‪%‬ﺧﺘﻴﺎ) ﻛﺎ)ﺑﺮ‪ '%‬ﺧﻮ‪ 7‬ﻗﺮ‪ )%‬ﻣﻰ‪7‬ﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.‬ﻫﺪ‪ * -.‬ﺿﺮ*)( ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ! ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ! ‪) 66‬ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ ‪(85‬‬ ‫‪242‬‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪# ،‬ﻗﻮ* ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖﻫﺎ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮ ‪)7‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎ‪% )#‬ﻃﻼ*)ﺳﺎﻧﻰ ‪%‬ﺳﺖ‪% .‬ﻣﺮ‪ !"#‬ﻣﻮ‪7%‬‬ ‫‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻋﻼ‪ !#‬ﺑﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﭼﺎﭘﻰ ‪ #‬ﻳﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎ ‪ )7 ،'#‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ‪%‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ‪#‬ﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪# 7‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ‪7‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ‪#‬ﻧﻜﻪ ‪ "%‬ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ‪%‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪ ،7‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‪% # )%‬ﻧﺘﻘﺎ ‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪-‬‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮ) ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺳﻰ )‪ #‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ )ﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫‪ "% #‬ﺳﻮ ‪7‬ﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎ‪%)% )#‬ﺋﻪ ‪ #‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬ ‫‪7‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪7 -‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫‪%‬ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ‪% "%‬ﻫﺪ‪ %‬ﻣﻬﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫‪%‬ﺷﺘﺮ‪ #%‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‪ 4‬ﺑﺎ ‪%‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪ "% !7‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰ‪$‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪7‬‬ ‫‪7 )7‬ﻧﻴﺎﺳﺖ‪% .‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪ 7‬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮ‪ # 5#‬ﻣﻜﺎ' ﻳﺎ* ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‪7 "% 6‬ﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫‪%‬ﻫﺪ‪% %‬ﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺤﺴﻮ* ﻣﻰﺷﻮ‪)7 .7‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﺪ ‪%‬ﺻﻠﻰ ‪% "%‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪ 7‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ‪%)%‬ﺋﺔ ‪%‬ﺑﺰ‪)%‬ﻫﺎ ﮔﺮ‪ ،)##7‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‪# ،)%‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎ"ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ )7 -‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪# ،‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﺮ‪%‬ﻫﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ‪%‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪ -‬ﺟﺴﺖ‪#‬ﺟﻮ‪،7‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ"ﻳﺎﺑﻰ‪ # ،8‬ﭘﺮ‪% 9!"%7‬ﻳﻦ ‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ "% -‬ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎ ‪)%‬ﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮ!‪%‬‬ ‫‪#‬ﺳﺎ' ‪%‬ﺳﺖ )‪.(3‬‬ ‫‪%‬ﻣﺮ‪% ،!"#‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪ # 7‬ﺑﻬﺮ!ﺑﺮ‪ "% )%7‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ‪% "%‬ﻫﺪ‪ %‬ﺑﺰ)گ ‪#7‬ﻟﺖﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫‪%7‬ﻧﺸﮕﺎ!ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‪ # ،‬ﻣﺮ‪%‬ﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻰ ‪7‬ﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﺪ! ‪%‬ﺳﺖ‪%# .‬ﻗﻌﻴﺖ ‪%‬ﻳﻦ ‪%‬ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫‪%‬ﻓﺰ‪%‬ﻳﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ‪%‬ﺷﺘﺮ‪ ،#%‬ﺳﻔﺎ)!‪# ،‬ﻣﺎ‪!7‬ﺳﺎ"‪،‬‬ ‫‪ #‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﭼﺎﭘﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﺪ!‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ )‪!#‬ﻫﺎ ‪7‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ )‪ %‬ﺑﺮ‪7 %‬ﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ‪%‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ -‬ﺑﺮﮔﺰﻳﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳـﻜﻰ ‪7‬ﻳـﮕﺮ ‪ "%‬ﻋﻠـﻞ ﮔﺮ‪%‬ﻳﺶ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫‪%7‬ﻧﺸﮕﺎ!ﻫﺎ‪ # ،‬ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎ‪ -‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ‪" )7‬ﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ‪ #‬ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪ '#‬ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰ‪ $‬ﭘﺮ‪%7‬ﺧﺘﻦ ‪#) #‬ﺷﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ‪7‬ﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ‪%‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺘﻰ‪ ،10‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺪ‪ '#‬ﻛﺎﻏﺬ‪ # 11‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫‪8. Retrieval‬‬ ‫‪3. Digital Library‬‬ ‫‪9. Processing‬‬ ‫‪4. Resource Sharing‬‬ ‫‪10. Traditional Library‬‬ ‫‪5. Cooperative Cataloguing‬‬ ‫‪11. Paperless Library‬‬ ‫)‪6. Uniform Resource Locator (URL‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ‪.‬ﺻﻠﻰ * ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫‪7. Search‬‬ ‫‪16 . Telephone Reference‬‬ ‫‪12. Library Without Walls‬‬ ‫‪17 . Vannevar Bush‬‬ ‫‪13 . Non-print‬‬ ‫‪18 . Memex‬‬ ‫‪14 . Hypertext‬‬ ‫‪15 . Interface‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ! ‪) 66‬ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ ‪(85‬‬ ‫ﺑﺪ‪! "#‬ﻳﻮ‪ 12‬ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ‪! .‬ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻰ ﺑﺮ&‬ ‫ﺗـﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪#‬ژ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨـﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺒـﻮ!‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨـﺎﻧـﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ& ‪ 1‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ - ,‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﺎ ! ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎ‪ - 8‬ﻃﻼ‪ 7‬ﻣﻰﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ! ﻳﻚ ﻣﻜﺎ" ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪ& ﻣﻰﺷﺪﻧﺪ ‪ #‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪: ,‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮ&‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻔﺎ! ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ‪ # -‬ﻧﻪ ! ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‪-‬‬ ‫! !ﺳﺘﺮ‪ B‬ﻗﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪! .‬ﻳﻮ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﻰ !ﺷﺖ ‪ #‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻮ!ﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ! ﭼﺎﭼﻮ‪! 8‬ﻳﻮﻫﺎ& ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮ !ﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ,‬ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎ !ﺷﺖ‬ ‫ ﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ& ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ‪#‬ﻟﻰ ﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪ ":‬ﺻﻮ‪ ,‬ﻛﻪ‬‫ﻳﻚ ﺷﺒﻪ ﻧﺎﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﺷﻮ! ‪ 1 # -‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺘﻈﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮ! ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﺧﻮ!  ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ&‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﻫﺎ& ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺳﺎ‪1‬ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ! .‬ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎ‪1‬ﻣﺎ"‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ" ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎ" ! ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺪ ﻛﺎﻏﺬ‪ ! .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ&‬ ‫ﺑﺪ‪ "#‬ﻛﺎﻏﺬ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪,‬‬ ‫‪ ":‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ‪ #‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻰﺷﻮ!‪ .‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﭼﺎﭘﻰ‬ ‫‪ 1‬ﻏﻴﺮﭼﺎﭘﻰ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺷﺪ ‪ #‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻜﺘﺮ‪#‬ﻧﻴﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮ! ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﺟﺤﻴﺖ‬ ‫!ﻧﺪ‪# ! .‬ﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ‪ 1‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﭼﺎﭘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮﭼﺎﭘﻰ‪ 13‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﺮ! ﺳﺖ)‪ .(10‬ﻛﺮﻓﻮ!‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ‪:‬ﻳﻨﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪:‬ﻣﻴﺰ& ‪1‬‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎ‪ ,‬ﭼﺎﭘﻰ ‪ #‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ‪#‬ﻧﻴﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ,‬ﻣﺘﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪ #‬ﻓﺮﻣﺘﻨﻰ‪! ،14‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ‪ #‬ﻫﻢ ‪ 1‬ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ‪! #‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻮ! ‪ #‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻢ ! ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎ" ‪ #‬ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺎﺑﺮ&‪ 15‬ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﺧﻮﻫﺪ‬ ‫!ﺷﺖ)‪.(2‬‬ ‫ﻛـﺘـﺎﺑـﺨـﺎﻧـﺔ ﺑــﺪ ﻳــﻮ‪ .‬ﻣـﺎﻧــﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ& ‪ #‬ﺟﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﻨﻰ‪ #! 16‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫‪ 1‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎ‪ ,‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ& ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎ ‪ 1‬ﻣﺤﺪ‪ !#‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎ" ﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ!‪ ! .‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ !ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎﻟﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻋﺪ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫‪#‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎ‪ ,‬ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪: .‬ﻧﭽﻪ ! ﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺧﺎ ﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺋﺔ ﺧﺪﻣﺎ‪,‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮ! ﻧﻴﺎ‪ # 1‬ﻣﻮ! ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻛﺎﺑﺮ" ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪#‬ﺟﻮ!‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮ" !ﻋﺎ ﻛﺮ! ﻛﻪ !ﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫!ﻳﻮ ‪#‬ﺟﻮ! !! ‪1‬ﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ‪8# 1‬ﺳﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ& ﺟﺬ‪ 8‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ‪!1‬ﻳﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎ"‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻧﺤﻮ&‬ ‫ﺣﺲ ﻣﻜﺎ" ‪ #‬ﻣﺤﺪ‪ !#‬ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ  ﺑﻪ ‪:‬ﻧﺎ" ﻟﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ)‪.(6‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ !ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺑﺮ& ‪#‬ﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫! ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺸﻬﻮ& ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ‪#‬ﻧﻰ‪ #‬ﺑﻮ‪! 17‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎ ‪ 1945‬ﻣﻄﺮ ﺷﺪ‪ ! # .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺿﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﭘﺮ!‪ !1‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ& ﺑﺎ‪1‬ﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ,‬ﺑﻪﻛﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻰ‪ .(1)!#‬ﺑﺮ ﻳﻦ ﺳﺎ‪ ،B‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ !ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺗﻰ ﻃﻼ‪ 7‬ﻣﻰﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻨﺎ‪ &#‬ﺑﺮ& ﺧﻴﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‪1‬ﻳﺎﺑﻰ‪: # ،‬ﻣﺎ!ﺳﺎ‪ &1‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ,‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎ"‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎ! ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ‪ ،": 1‬ﺗﻌﺎﻳﻒ ﺳﻤﻰ ‪#‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﺳﻤﻰ ﻣﺘﻌﺪ! ‪ #‬ﻣﺘﻔﺎ‪#‬ﺗﻰ ‪ 1‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ&‬ ‫!ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺋﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫● ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ& !ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺳﺎ‪1‬ﻣﺎ"ﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻜﺎ" ﺋﺔ !ﺋﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ‪ #‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎ&‬ ‫‪243‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ! ‪) 66‬ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ ‪(85‬‬ ‫‪244‬‬ ‫‪3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ ' -‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ'* ﻓﺮ'ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰ"!ﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮ‪" :‬ﺳﺎ‪ ! 8‬ﻣﻘﺮ!‪ 8‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﺮ'* 'ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪43‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮ!? ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮ!?ﻫﺎ* ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ‪3 3‬ﺳﺘﺮ;‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫● ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ -‬ﻋﺒﺎ‪' :‬ﺳﺖ '‪ C‬ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎ* 'ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ! ﺷﺒﻜﻪ'* ﻛﻪ ‪8" 3‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﺮ'‪ 8‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮ'ﻧﻨﺪ 'ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ' :‬ﻛﺸﻒ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﻗﺮ' ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ 'ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ' :‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ !‬ ‫"ﻧﻬﺎ ' ﺑﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﻮ‪' 3‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪ ?3‬ﻗﺮ' ‪3‬ﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫● ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ -‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ'* '‪ C‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮ‪' 43‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ!ﻧﻴﻜﻰ 'ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎ ﺣﻴﻄﻪﻫﺎ*‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ* 'ﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ 'ﻋﻢ '‪ C‬ﻫﻨﺮ‪ ،‬ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎ* !ﻳﺪﺋﻮﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎ ﻫﺎ‪C! ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ!ﺷﻮﻫﺎ‪ ! ،‬ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻮگﻫﺎ ' ﺑﻪﻃﻮ ﻣﺠﺎ‪*C‬‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻰ‪3‬ﻫﺪ)‪.(8‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻳﻒ ﻛﺮ ﺷﺪ? ! ﺳﺎﻳﺮ '‪3‬ﺑﻴﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪' 3 3‬ﻳﻦ ‪C‬ﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮ'‪ 8‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫‪3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ -‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ'* '‪' C‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪! :‬‬ ‫!ﻫﺎ* ﺧﻴﺮ?ﺳﺎ‪ *C‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ 'ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻫﺎ* 'ﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪ ! ،‬ﻧﺮ'ﻓﺰ'ﻫﺎ*‬ ‫ﻣﻮ‪ 3‬ﻧﻴﺎ‪C‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ'* ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐﺑﻨﺪ*‪! ،‬ﻳﺮ'ﻳﺶ‪،‬‬ ‫! ''ﺋﺔ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺳﺎ‪C‬ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‪C‬ﻳﺎﺑﻰ‪! ،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺎ‪' -3‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ ﻣﻰ!‪ 3‬ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮ'‪ 8‬ﺑﺎ ﭘﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ ﮔﺬ'‪ 83‬ﻣﺮ‪C‬ﻫﺎ* ﺟﻐﺮ'ﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ! ﺳﻨﺘﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫'ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ 3 ' :‬ﺻﻮ‪:‬ﻫﺎ* ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮ‪ 8‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‪C‬ﻳﺎﺑﻰ‪ ! ،‬ﻣﺒﺎ‪3‬ﻟﻪ ﻛﺮ‪.3‬‬ ‫ﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎ  ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ -‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ‪ *''3‬ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ! !ﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎ* ﺧﺎﺻﻰ‬ ‫'ﺳﺖ‪'! .‬ﻗﻌﻴﺖ 'ﻳﻦ 'ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ*‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ! ‪3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ C' -‬ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ ‪'3‬ﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ‪C 3‬ﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ '‪" C‬ﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫'ﺷﺎ? ﻣﻰﺷﻮ‪:3‬‬ ‫● ﻫﺮ ‪' *''3 !3‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ :‬ﺑﻮ‪' ! ?3‬ﻳﻦ‬ ‫'ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ' :‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮ‪ -‬ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫● ﻫﺮ ‪' !3‬ﻣﻜﺎ‪3 8‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ 'ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪' :‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮ'ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰ"!ﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫● ﻫﺮ ‪' !3‬ﻣﻜﺎ‪ 8‬ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮ‪ 3‬ﻧﻈﺮ '‬ ‫'‪ C‬ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖﻫﺎ* ﺧﻮ‪ 3‬ﻓﺮ'ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫● ﻫﺮ ‪' !3‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪ C' ?3‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ' ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮ'*‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﺮ'‪ 8‬ﻣﺠﺎ‪ C‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻰﺳﺎ‪C‬ﻧﺪ‪! ،‬‬ ‫● ﻫﺮ ‪ *''3 !3‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﻫﺎ* ﺳﺎ‪C‬ﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ‪3‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ 'ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪' :‬‬ ‫'ﻣﻜﺎ‪ 8‬ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ)‪.(6‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﻰ ! ﺗﻌﻤﻖ ‪ 3‬ﺗﻌﺎﻳﻒ ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ ! -‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﻃﺮﻫﺎ* ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫‪' 3‬ﻳﻦ ‪C‬ﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﺸﺎ‪ 8‬ﻣﻰ‪3‬ﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ*‬ ‫‪3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ -‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮ ﻛﻠﻲ ‪! *''3‬ﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎ* ‪C‬ﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﻫﺎ* ﺳﺎ‪C‬ﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻫﻤﺴﺎ‪ ! 8‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ‬ ‫‪'3‬ﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﻮ‪ ' 3‬ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺟﻮ'ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻰ ''ﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﺣﺪ'ﻗﻞ ﺑﺮ'* ﻳﻚ ﮔﺮ!? ﺧﺎ 'ﻣﻜﺎ‪8‬‬ ‫'ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪' 43‬ﻳﮕﺎ‪ ' 8‬ﻓﺮ'ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫‪' .4‬ﻣﻜﺎ‪3 8‬ﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ! ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫' ﻓﺮ'ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰ"!ﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ .5‬ﻋﻼ!? ﺑﺮ 'ﻣﻜﺎ‪3 8‬ﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫"ﻣﻮ‪ C‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﭘﺮ‪C'3‬ﻧﺪ‪! ،‬‬ ‫‪ *''3 .6‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎ*‬ ‫'ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﻮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ -‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ'*‬ ‫'‪ C‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ 'ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ 'ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ '‪ C‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ*‬ ‫ﻃﺮ‪+‬ﺣﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ" ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﺮ‪$‬ﺣﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ( ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ P‬ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ‪$ ،‬ﺻﻮ‪ P‬ﺳﺎ‪J‬ﻣﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎ‪،(+‬‬ ‫ ﺟﻮ‪$‬ﻣﻊ ‪$‬ﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ‪$‬ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﺘﻰ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﺮ‪A7‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎ( ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻴﺎ‪J‬ﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮ‪$‬ﻣﻮ‪ A‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‪+ ،‬ﻫﺎ( ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫‪$‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ،L‬ﻣﻌﻤﺎ‪$ (+‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪$ ،L‬ﺑﺮ‪37$7‬ﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ‪$‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ،L‬ﻃﺮ‪$‬ﺣﻰ ﻧﺮ‪$‬ﻓﺰ‪+$‬ﻫﺎ(‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ! ‪) 66‬ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ ‪(85‬‬ ‫‪$‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‪ِ ،‬ﺳﺮ ِ‪+‬ﻫﺎ( ﭘﺴﺖ ‪$‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮﻧﻴﻜﻰ‪ ،‬‬ ‫>ﺳﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎ( ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮔﺮ‪ (+67‬ﺷﺪ‪$ 3‬ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪$‬ﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮ‪3‬ﻫﺎ( ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮ‪ A‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‪،(+$‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎ‪J‬ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ‪ 3+$7$  ،‬ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ P‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ‪$‬ﻓﺰ‪$ A7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ L‬ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ ‪$‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪ 7‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ‪ +7‬ﻣﺤﺘﻮ‪$ ($‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ $+ L‬ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫‪$7‬ﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮ‪ +‬ﻛﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ( ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪P‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮ‪$‬ﻧﻨﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻘﺎ‪7‬ﻳﺮ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ‪$‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ $+ L‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ  ﺑﻪﻃﻮ‪+‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎ> ‪6J+‬ﻣﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ؛‬ ‫‪$ .2‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ L‬ﻣﺘﻨﻰ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ(‪ ،‬ﺷﻨﻴﺪ‪،(+$‬‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺋﻮﻳﻰ‪  ،‬ﭼﻨﺪ‪+‬ﺳﺎﻧﻪ‪ $+ ($‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‪ (+$‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ؛ ‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺎ ‪$+$‬ﺋﺔ ‪$+‬ﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻰﻫﺎ( ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ‪+‬ﺑﺮ‪،A$‬‬ ‫‪6‬ﻧﺎ‪ $+ A‬ﻗﺎ‪ +7‬ﺳﺎ‪J‬ﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ‪$‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ L‬ﻣﻮ‪ 7+‬ﻧﻴﺎ‪ J‬ﺧﻮ‪7‬‬ ‫‪ +7 $+‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎ( ‪7‬ﻟﺨﻮ‪+7 3$‬ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ)‪.(11‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎ‪+‬ﺑﺮ‪ A$‬ﭘﺲ ‪ J$‬ﺟﺴﺖﺟﻮ ‪ +7‬ﺧﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫‪$‬ﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗﻰ ﻣـﻮﺟـﻮ‪ +7 7‬ﻛﺘـﺎﺑﺨـﺎﻧـﺔ ‪7‬ﻳﺠـﻴﺘـﺎ‪،P‬‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮ‪$‬ﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ‪$‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ L‬ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‪J +7 3‬ﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﻣﻮ‪ 7+‬ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺧﻮ‪7‬‬ ‫‪7‬ﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‪6 ،‬ﻧﻬﺎ ‪ +7 $+‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎ( ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮ‪A‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪ‪  3‬ﺧﻴﺮ‪  3‬ﻳﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ‪ !+76‬ﭘﺴﺖ‬ ‫‪$‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺧﻮ‪ 7‬ﻳﺎ ‪7‬ﻳﮕﺮ‪+$ A$‬ﺳﺎ‪ P‬ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪$‬ﺳﻄﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ‪J+$ ،‬ﻳﺎﺑﻰ‪  ،‬ﻳﻜﭙﺎ‪+‬ﭼﮕﻰ ‪+7‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎ‪$ +‬ﺣﺪ ‪$‬ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪ‪ P‬ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ‪$‬ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ‪ J$‬ﻃﺮ‪$‬ﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ P‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺎ‪+‬ﺑﺮ‪$  A$‬ﻓﺮ‪$+ (7$‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ‪$ +7‬ﻳﻦ ﻃﺮ‪7 $‬ﺧﻴﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ‬ ‫‪ +7‬ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﻴﺪ‪ ،( %‬ﻣﺮ‪7‬ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮ‪$‬ﻧﺪ ‪$ +7‬ﻧﺘﺨﺎ> ‪ +‬ﻃﺮ‪$‬ﺣﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ P‬ﻛﺎﻣ ً‬ ‫ﻼ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪6 J$ .‬ﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺮ‪6 7‬ﻣﻴﺰ‪ J$ ($3‬ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﻫﺎ( ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ +‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺺ‪ ،‬ﺷﻐﻞ‪  ،‬ﺳﻠﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ( ‪6‬ﻧﺎ‪A‬‬ ‫‪$‬ﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮ‪ $‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪P‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ‪+7‬ﺑﺮﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ %‬ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﺻﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻠﻮﻳﺤﺎ‪L‬‬ ‫ ﻣﺤﺪ‪7‬ﻳﺖﻫﺎ( ‪$‬ژﮔﺎ‪ A‬ﻣﻮ‪$ 7+‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪+7 37‬‬ ‫‪$‬ﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﻫﺎ( ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﻴﺪ‪%‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻳﻨﺸﺘﺎﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ( ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ +7 P‬ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‪ ($‬ﻗﺮ‪+$7 +$‬ﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ‪ +7‬ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‪0‬ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎ‪$ A‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪  L‬ﻫﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎ‪A‬‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎ‪  L‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎ( ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ P‬ﺣﻀﻮ‪+‬‬ ‫‪+$7‬ﻧﺪ  ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ‪7‬ﻟﻴﻞ ‪ +7‬ﻃﺮ‪$‬ﺣﻰ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ P‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻴﺎ‪J‬ﻫﺎ  ﻧﻈﺮ‪ L$‬ﻫﺮ ‪ 7‬ﮔﺮ‪3‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪  3‬ﻣﺼﺮ‪0‬ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪$ %‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ L‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮ‪ .7‬ﮔﻮ‪+‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ ‪$‬ﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎ( ﺟﺴﺖﺟﻮ(‬ ‫‪$‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ ،L‬ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎ‪+‬ﺑﺮ‪ A$‬ﻣﻮ‪$7+‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪37‬‬ ‫ﻗﺮ‪ +$‬ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮ‪ ،7‬ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮ‪  37‬ﺟﻮ‪$ 7‬ﺑﺰ‪+$‬ﻫﺎ(‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ( ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ‪ $+‬ﺑﺮ‪$ ($‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪  7‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫‪$‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ‪ L‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪ +7 7‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎ( ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪P‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮ‪ (+‬ﻣﻰ‪$7‬ﻧﺪ)‪.(7‬‬ ‫‪ +7‬ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎ‪ ،P‬ﻃﺮ‪$‬ﺣﻰ‪$ ،‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪$  ،7‬ﺟﺮ‪($‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ( ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ P‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺺﻫﺎ(‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮ‪ A‬ﻧﻴﺎ‪ .7+$7 J‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎ‪ J$ (+‬ﭘﺮژ‪3‬ﻫﺎ(‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ( ‪7‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪$ P‬ﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ‪ ($+$7‬ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻ‪A‬‬ ‫‪+‬ﺳﻤﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﺮﻫﻰ ‪$ J$‬ﻓﺮ‪7$‬‬ ‫‪245‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮ‪0‬ﻧﺎﻳﻰﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﻔﺎ*) ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺳﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷﺒﻜﻪﺳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻰ ﻧﺮ‪06‬ﻓﺰ‪،30‬‬ ‫‪3‬ﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺣﻘﻮ‪ A‬ﻣﻌﻨﻮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ‪0‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ)‪،‬‬ ‫* ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎ) *‪0‬ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻃﺮ‪0‬ﺣﻰ * ‪0‬ﺟﺮ‪0‬‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ)‪ .(8‬ﺑﻪ ‪0‬ﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮ‪F‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪F‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ‪ 0‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎ‬ ‫‪3‬ﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﻰ ﭼﻮ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ * ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺪ‪0 * 30‬ﻃﻼ‪3$‬ﺳﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮ‪0 ،‬ﻗﺘﺼﺎ‪ * ،F‬ﻧﻈﺎﻳﺮ &ﻧﻬﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮ‪.F‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ‪0‬ﻳﻦ‪ 3F ،‬ﻃﺮ‪0‬ﺣﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪F‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮ‪0‬ﻳﻨﺪ ‪0‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪ * F‬ﺗﻬﻴﺔ ﻣﻮ‪0 F0‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ * ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ‪- * ،‬ﺧﻴﺮ‪+‬ﺳﺎ‬ ‫& ﻛﺎﻣ ً‬ ‫ﻼ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ‪0F‬ﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪F‬ﺳﺘـﺮﭘﺬﻳـﺮ‪ ،21‬ﻗﺎﺑـﻠﻴـﺖ ﺟﺴـﺖ*ﺟـﻮ‪،22‬‬ ‫‪&*3‬ﻣﺪ ﺑﻮ‪ * ،F‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ‪ .23‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮ‪ 3‬ﻛﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮ‪0 F0‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ‪F‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ‪*F‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮ*‪ +‬ﻋﻤﺪ‪ +‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ‪0‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎ * ﻣﺠﻼ)‬ ‫* ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ‪0‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ*ﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﺎ ‪0‬ﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻮ ‪0‬ﺷﺘﺮ‪& 0‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮ‪ )3‬ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮ‪ * F‬ﺳﭙﺲ ‪ 3F‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻛﺎ‪3‬ﺑﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ‪3‬ﺑﺮ‪ & 0‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ‪030‬ﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮ‪F‬‬ ‫* ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ‪3F 0‬ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺠﻮ ‪0‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪0 0 +F‬ﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪0‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ) ﻣﺒﻠﻐﻲ ‪ 03‬ﻣﻲﭘﺮ‪F0F‬؛ *‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻮ‪F F0‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ‪ 3F‬ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫‪0F‬ﻧﺸﮕﺎ‪ +‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮ‪ * F‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ‪0 )3‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ*ﻧﻴﻜﻰ‬ ‫‪F 3F‬ﺳﺘﺮ ﻛﺎ‪3‬ﺑﺮ‪ 0‬ﻗﺮ‪ 30‬ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮ‪.F‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮ‪0‬ﻳﻨﺪ ‪0‬ﻧﺘﺨﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ‪0‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ*ﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪0‬ﻧﺘﺨﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﭼﺎﭘﻰ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺷﺮ‪0‬ﻳﻂ * ﺿﻮ‪0‬ﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ‪0‬ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻮ‪0‬ﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ‪3F‬‬ ‫‪0‬ﻧﺘﺨﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ‪0‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ*ﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﻋﺒﺎ‪3‬ﺗﻨﺪ ‪:0‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺤﺘﻮ‪ :240‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻴﺖ ‪0‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ)‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪ 3F F‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﭼﺎﭘﻰ‪'3*F ،‬‬ ‫‪&*3‬ﻣﺪ ﺷﺪ‪F ،‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﮕﺎﻧﻰ‪ * ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫&؛‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪0 (30 .2‬ﻓﺰ*‪ : +F‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪F (30‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮ‪+F‬ﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺟﺴﺖ*ﺟﻮ‪&*3 ،‬ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮ‪F‬؛‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ * ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮ‪ F‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪ :‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎ‪3‬ﺑﺮ‪ F‬ﺑﻮ‪ (*3 ،26F‬ﻫﺎ ‪0‬ﻧﺠﺎ‪ 6‬ﺟﺴﺖ*ﺟﻮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﻗﺮ‪ 30‬ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ؛‬ ‫‪24.Content‬‬ ‫‪19.Ease of use‬‬ ‫‪25 . Added Value‬‬ ‫‪20 . Dynamism‬‬ ‫‪26 . Usability‬‬ ‫‪21 . Accessibility‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮ‪. .‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ" ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ! ‪) 66‬ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ ‪(85‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ‪0‬ﻋﻢ ‪F 0‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫* ﻳﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ &‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ‪0‬ﺳﺎ ﻧﻮ‪ $‬ﻣﻮ‪0 F0‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮ‪ F3‬ﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻬﻴﺔ &ﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‪ * ،‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‪& 30‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮ‪ 3F .F‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪F‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪0 ،‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻴﺎ‪3‬ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻋﻮ‪0‬ﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪ‪F‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪ‪+‬ﺗﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮ‪ ،F‬ﻳﺮ‪ 0‬ﻣﻮ‪0 F0‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ‪F‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ‪)3‬ﻫﺎ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮ ﻣﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺻﺪ‪،0‬‬ ‫ﻧﺮ‪06‬ﻓﺰ‪ ،30‬ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ * ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ & *ﺟﻮ‪F‬‬ ‫‪ * F30F‬ﺣﺘﻰ ‪ 0‬ﻳﻚ ﺻﻮ‪ )3‬ﺧﺎ‪ #‬ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎ‪3‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪0 F‬ﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻦ ﺳﺎ‪ * HTML ،PDF ،Word ،+F‬ﻏﻴﺮ‪.+‬‬ ‫‪0‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ) ‪F‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ‪ 030F‬ﻣﺰ‪0‬ﻳﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﺪ‪F‬‬ ‫‪0‬ﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ‪0‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪ ،19+F‬ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻳﻰ‪،20‬‬ ‫‪22 . Searchability‬‬ ‫‪246‬‬ ‫‪23 . Interactivity‬‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﻣـﻼﺣﻈـﺎ* ﻓﻨﻲ‪ :‬ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺮﻓﺰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖﻓﺰ‪ 1 ،‬ﺳﺎ‪9‬ﮔﺎ‪ 3‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮ‪1‬ﮔﺮﻫﺎ‪2701 3‬؛‬ ‫‪ .5‬ﺗﻮﻓﻘﺎ* ﺗﺠﺎ‪ :C‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺧﺬ ﻣﺠﻮ‪9‬‬ ‫‪I‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ‪ 1 ،‬ﺑﻬﺮ‪J‬ﺑﺮ‪ 9 3I‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ*؛ ‪1‬‬ ‫‪ .6‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎ* ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻰ ‪1‬‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎ* ﻣﻮ‪9‬ﺷﻰ)‪.(5‬‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪ 9 JI‬ﻣﻮ‪I I‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ‪ I‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ‪ 1‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‪  3‬ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮ‪،I‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻳﻦ ﻣﻮ‪ I‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﺪ ﻧﺘﺨﺎ‪ 1 0‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ‪ 1‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‪ 3‬ﺷﺪ‪ 1 J‬ﭘﺲ ‪I  9‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎ‪ 3‬ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮ ‪I I‬ﺳﺘﺮ‪ ,‬ﻛﺎﺑﺮ ﻗﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪I‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ﻋﻼ‪ J1‬ﺑﺮ ‪9‬ﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺰ‪ 1 I1‬ﺣﺬ‪ 1‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ‪ I‬ﻣﺮﺣﻞ ﺳﻔﺎ‪1 1 3‬ﺟﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮ‪.I‬‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎ) ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ" ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪I 3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺳ ًﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎ ‪ 1‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ* ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪I‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ ﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ‪ 3I1‬ﺗﻮﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎ* ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪ 3‬ﺳﻨﺘﻰ  ﻧﻴﺰ ‪I‬ﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ‪ 9‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪-‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪I 3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺑﺮ ﺧﻮ‪ I‬ﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺗﻨﺪ ‪: 9‬‬ ‫● ﺟﺴﺖ ﺟﻮ ﺑﺎﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻃﻼﻋﺎ)‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ‪I 3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﻣﻜﺎ ﺟﺴﺖ‪1‬ﺟﻮ‪3‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ‪I‬ﺧﻮﺳﺖ ﻛﺎﺑﺮ ‪ I‬ﻛﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ‪1‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ‪I‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ 3‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪9 JI‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻣﺮ‪1‬ﮔﺮ  ‪I‬ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺑﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﻧﻨﺪ ‪I‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺨﺎ‪ 1 0‬ﺳﻔﺎ‪ 3‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺮ‪ 3‬ﻫﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫‪1‬ﻧﺪ‪ 3‬ﺳﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ ‪ 1‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮ‪3‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ‪  I‬ﻧﻴﺎ‪ 9‬ﻛﺎﺑﺮ ‪ 1‬ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻫﺮ ‪1I‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮ‪ I‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ I .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪3‬‬ ‫‪29 . Current Awareness Service‬‬ ‫‪27 . Web Browser Capability‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎ) ﻛﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪28 . Frequently Asked Questions‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ! ‪) 66‬ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ ‪(85‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ 3‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺴﺖ‪1‬ﺟﻮ ﭘﺮ‪I‬ﺧﺘﻪ ‪1‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻓﻴﻠﺪﻫﺎ‪ 3‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ 1‬ﻧـﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪ‪  J‬ﺑـﺎ ﺳﺘﻔـﺎ‪ 9 JI‬ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮﻫـﺎ‪3‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﻟﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻛﺮ‪ 1 JI‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ* ﻣﻮ‪ I‬ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﻮ‪  I‬ﺑﺎ‪9‬ﻳﺎﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫● ﺧﺪﻣﺎ) ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪3‬‬ ‫‪I‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ‪ 3I‬ﻣﻜﺎ ﺋﺔ ﺧﺪﻣﺎ* ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮ* ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ‪ ,I‬ﭘﺴﺖ ﻟﻜﺘﺮ‪1‬ﻧﻴﻜﻰ  ﺑﺮ‪ 3‬ﺑﺮﻗﺮ‪3‬‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎ‪ ,‬ﻋﻼ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ‪ 1‬ﻳﺎ ﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻃﻼﻋﺎ*  ‪9‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﺔ ‪ FAQ‬ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻫﺎ‪ 3‬ﻣﺘﺪ‪I 281‬‬ ‫ﺧﺘﻴﺎ ﻛﺎﺑﺮ ﺧﻮ‪ I‬ﻗﺮ ﻣﻰ‪I‬ﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫● ﻣﻮ ﻛﺎﺑﺮ‪ .‬ﻣﻮ‪ 39‬ﻛﺎﺑﺮ ‪I‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪I 3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺗﻨﺪ ‪ :9‬ﻫﻨﻤﺎﻫﺎ‪3‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎ‪ 3‬ﻣﻮ‪9‬ﺷﻰ‪ 1 ،‬ﺻﻔﺤﺎ*‬ ‫ﻫﻨﻤﺎ‪ 3‬ﺟﺴﺖ‪1‬ﺟﻮ‪.‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫● ﺧـﺪﻣﺎ) ﮔـﺎﻫﻰ ﺳﺎﻧـﻰ ﺟـﺎ" ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ ًﺎ ﻫﻤﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ‪I 3‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎ*‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺟﺎ‪ 3‬ﺧﻮ‪  I‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ* ﻳﻚ‬ ‫‪91‬ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ‪ 1‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ* ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮ "ﺧﺒﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ" ‪ 9 1‬ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﭘﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺘﺮ‪1‬ﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺋﻪ ﻣﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ)‪.(8‬‬ ‫‪247‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ! ‪) 66‬ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ ‪(85‬‬ ‫‪/‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ ،+‬ﻫﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﺳﻔﺎ'& ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫‪7‬ﺷﺘﺮ‪ =7‬ﻳﺎ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ‪7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮ‪،/‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ‪7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ? ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪'/ /‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ‪7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ‪/‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ 7' +‬ﻫﻢ‬ ‫‪'/‬ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮ‪7 ./‬ﻣﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ‪ JK L7‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ‪7‬ﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ‪7/‬ﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ‪K‬ﻳﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ‪/‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ +‬ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻣﻮ'‪/‬‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ‪ L7‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪ /‬ﺑﻮ‪ S T/‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ‪ 7' JK‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮ‪ '/ ./‬ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎ‪S' ،+‬ﻧﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﺘﻮ‪ J‬ﭼﺎﭘﻰ‬ ‫‪ S‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‪ X‬ﺑﻪ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ‪/‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﺑﺮ ‪S‬‬ ‫‪S‬ﻗﺖﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﻮ‪ S T/‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻬﻴﺔ ﻣﺪ'=‪7 ،‬ﺳﻜﻦ‬ ‫)ﭘﻮﻳﺶ(‪ ،‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮ‪ S +‬ﺑﺮ'ﺳﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‪L‬ﺑﻴﻨﻰ‪S ،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪﺳﺎ‪7 JK XL‬ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‪ S X'7‬ﺑﺎﻳﮕﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ‪7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪7 X‬ﻟﻜﺘﺮ‪S‬ﻧﻴﻜﻰ ‪/ L7‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪7‬ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮ'‪ /‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﺎ` ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‪J7‬‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎ ﻗﺮ‪ '7‬ﮔﻴﺮ‪ S /‬ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‪7‬ﺗﻰ ﺑﺮ‪X7‬‬ ‫'‪KLS‬ﻣﺪ ﻛﺮ‪ J/‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ‪ S‬ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ‪/‬ﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﮕﺎﻧﻰ ‪7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ? ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪﻧﮕﺮ ‪ '/‬ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮ‪./‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻰ ﻣﻮ‪7 /7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ‪'/‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪/ X‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ‪ 7L‬ﺑﻮ‪ S T/‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪7‬ﺧﺬ ﻣﺠﻮ‪ /S'S L‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎ‪X‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮ‪7/‬ﺧﺖ‪7 ،‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪ e/‬ﻣﺠﺎ‪ S ،L‬ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺎ'ﺑﺮ‪J7‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎ‪ '/ ./'7/ L‬ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎ‪ ،+‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ‪X‬‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻰ ‪ S‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎ‪7'S‬ﻧﻪ‪ S ،‬ﺣﻘﻮ‪f‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻮ‪ '/ 30X‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪/ X‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ +‬ﻫﻨﻮ‪'/ L‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎ‪ +‬ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺪ‪7 J‬ﺳﺖ)‪.(8‬‬ ‫‪ '/‬ﺳﻤﺖ ‪/‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺎ? ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫‪/‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ ،+‬ﻛﺎ'ﺑﺮ‪7‬ﻧﻰ ﻗﺮ‪'7/ '7‬ﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ‪ L7‬ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫‪7‬ﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻳﺎ ‪7‬ﻳﻨﺘﺮ‪7‬ﻧﺖ ‪ L7‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﺬﻛﻮ'‬ ‫‪7‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪ T/‬ﻛﺮ‪ S T/‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ‪7‬ﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎ‪X‬‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺧﺮ‪7‬ﺑﻰ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ‪ ?7‬ﺳﺨﺖ ‪7‬ﻓﺰ‪X'7‬‬ ‫‪ S‬ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻧﺸﺪ‪ J‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ X‬ﻧﺮ ‪7‬ﻓﺰ‪X'7‬‬ ‫ﻻ‪ L‬ﺑﺮ '‪ XS‬ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻮ'‪ /‬ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫‪7‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪K e/‬ﻧﺎ‪ L7 7' J‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ‪7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪ‪ /S‬ﻣﻰ ﺳﺎ‪7 .(4)/L‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪ S /‬ﺑﺮﻗﺮ‪ X'7‬ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪/‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ +‬ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫‪7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ‪ S‬ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ‪ ?7‬ﻓﻨﻰ ﻧﻴﺎ‪،/'7/ L‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ‪7‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪/‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪،+‬‬ ‫ﻋﻼ‪ TS‬ﺑﺮ '‪KLS‬ﻣﺪ ﻛﺮ‪7 J/‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ? ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ‪7‬ﻳﺠﺎ‪ /‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺎ'ﺑﺮ‪ X‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪،‬‬ ‫'ﻓﻊ ﻧﻘﺎﻳﺺ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ‪7‬ﺗﻰ‪ S ،‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ‪'7‬ﺗﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ ‪7‬ﻓﺰ‪ S '7‬ﻧﺮ ‪7‬ﻓﺰ‪'7‬ﻫﺎ‪ X‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ' ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‪ '/ T‬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ‪7/‬ﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪K L7‬ﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ‪7'7‬ﺋﺔ ﺧﺪﻣﺎ? ‪7‬ﻃﻼ'ﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎ'ﺑﺮ‪' ،J7‬ﺳﺎﻟﺖ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻫﻤﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪/ X‬ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ‪ +‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼ?‬ ‫‪S‬ﻳﮋ‪L '/ 7' X7T‬ﻣﻴﻨﺔ ‪K‬ﻣﻮ‪ &L‬ﻛﺎ'ﺑﺮ‪ J7‬ﻓﺮ‪7‬ﻫﻢ‬ ‫‪'SK‬ﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ‪ /S'S X7‬ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎ‪ X‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﺠﺎ‪ XL‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺟﺴﺖ‪S‬ﺟﻮ ‪ '/‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫‪7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ S ،‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ‪7‬ﻃﻼﻋﺎ?‬ ‫ﺧﺎ` ﻣﻮ'‪7 /‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪K e/‬ﻧﺎ‪ J‬ﻗﺮ‪ '7‬ﮔﻴﺮ‪ ./‬ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‪?7‬‬ ‫‪K‬ﻣﻮ‪L‬ﺷﻰ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ‪7‬ﺳﺖ ‪ '/‬ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎ‪ X‬ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ'ﺑﺮ‪7'7 J7‬ﺋﻪ ﺷﻮ‪ ،/‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻮ' ﻣﺠﺎ‪XL‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‪ X7‬ﺑﺎ‪/L‬ﻳﺪ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﺔ ‪ ،Help‬ﻓﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻫﺎ‪ X‬ﻣﺘﺪ‪ ،(FAQ) +S7‬ﻛﺎ'ﮔﺎ‪T‬ﻫﺎ ‪S‬‬ ‫‪7‬ﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎ‪K X‬ﻣﻮ‪L‬ﺷﻰ‪7 ،‬ﻧﻮ‪ 7‬ﺟﺴﺖ‪S‬ﺟﻮﻫﺎ‪X‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎ‪ S T/‬ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ 31‬ﺑﺎ ‪7‬ﺳﺘﻔﺎ‪7S L7 T/‬ژﮔﺎ‪J‬‬ ‫‪30 . Copyright‬‬ ‫‪248‬‬ ‫‪31 . Advanced‬‬ Assistive Technology in Libraries". [online]. Available: http://web. Simmones. edu/~reiner/adapt/index.htm 5. Miller, R.G. "Shaping Digital Library Content". The Journal of Academic Librarianship, Vol.28, No3 (2002):97103. 6. Peek, R. "Miss Web Manners on digital libraries". Information Today, Vol.15, No.7 (1998):36. 7. Peters, T.A. "Assessing digital  ،33‫ ﻣـﻮﺿﻮﻋـﻰ‬#‫  ﺳـﺮﻋﻨﻮ'&ﻫﺎ‬32#‫ﻛﻠﻴـﺪ‬ .#0‫ﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺟﺎ‬0‫ﮔﺎﻫﻰ‬6 7‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ ?ﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎ; ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬#‫ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ‬ #‫ ﻫﺎ‬#‫  ﺗـﻮ'ﻧﻤﻨﺪ‬7‫'ﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗـﻰ  'ﻣـﻜـﺎﻧـﺎ‬ &'‫ﺑﺮ‬0‫ ﻛﺎ‬0‫ 'ﺧﺘﻴﺎ‬0? '0 #‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ  ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺗﺮ‬ ،7‫ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺸﻜﻼ‬L‫ 'ﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﻮ‬،‫ ﻣﻰ ?ﻫﻨﺪ‬0'‫ﺧﻮ? ﻗﺮ‬ ‫ ﻃﺮ'ﺣﻰ‬0? #?‫ ﻣﺘﻌﺪ‬#‫  ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎ‬،‫ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻰ ﻫﺎ‬ ?‫ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﺟﻮ‬#‫ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ 'ﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ ﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬V‫ ﻣﻄﻠﻮ‬7‫'ﺋﺔ ﺧﺪﻣﺎ‬0' #'‫? ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ‬0'?  Z‫ﻧﻬﺎ 'ﻧﺪﻳﺸﻴﺪ‬6 ‫ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ‬#'‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ'ﺗﻰ ﺑﺮ‬ .?‫'ﺟﺮ' ﺷﻮ‬ library services". Library Trends, Vol.49, No.2 (2000):221-385. ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ 8. Schwartz, C. "Digital Libraries: An Overview". The Journal of Academic 1. Bush, V. "As We May Think". The Librarianship, Vol.26, No.6 (2000):385- Atlantic Monthly, Vol.176, No.1 (1945): 393 101-108. 9. Wang J. A "Knowledge Network Constructed by Integrating, Classification, (85 ‫ )ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ‬66 !‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ‬ Thesaurus digital library collection collections still (2003): 383-397. matter". Online, Vol.22, No.1(1998):42Calarco, PV; 48. Ghaphery, JS. "Digital Library: keywords". 3. Digital Libraries Initiative Phase Reference Service Review, Vol.27, No,4 One. [on-line]. Available: http://www. (1999): 344-352. dli2. nsf.gov/dlione. 11. Yang, Y. …[et al]. "Agent based data 32 . Keywords 249 computer/ bushf. htm Library". Intl Inform & Libr Rev, No.35 SB; in www.theatlantic.com/unbound/flashbks/ 2. Crawford, W. "Paper Persists: why Watstein, Metadata http:// Digital 10. and [on-line]. Available: 33 . Subject Headings 4. Laurq, Rainer. "Adaptive & View publication stats management in digital libraries". Parallel Computing, Vol.28, No.5 (2002):773792. (85 ‫ )ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎ‬66 !‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ‬ 1383 /4/17:‫ﺗﺎﻳﺦ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ 250