JPJO 5 (2) (2020) 233-244 Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga Available online at: https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/penjas/article/view/26743 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpjo.v5i2.26743 Olympism and Positive Youth Development (PYD): A New Goal in Extension Development Youth Sports for Basketball in Indonesia Alen Rismayadi*, Herman Subarjah, Yunyun Yudiana, Agus Rusdiana Prodi Pendidikan Olahraga, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia Article Info Abstract Article History : Received June 2020 Revised June 2020 Accepted August 2020 Available online September 2020 The basic principle of Olympism aims to make sport a harmonious human development tool to create a peaceful society and care for the respect of human dignity. The results of this study will reveal how the basic principles of Olympism are applied as an approach in basketball coaching in the context of the positive development of youth. The research method used is descriptive about Olympism values in the context of a positive development of young man, as well as the historical journey of basketball development including the competition system which has been running before through document review and semi-structured interviews. The responses of parents, builders, and coaches regarding the new approach in the basketball coaching system are explored and discussed deeply. Keywords : olympism, positive youth development, basketball  Correspondence Address : Jln. Dr. Setiabudhi 229, Bandung, Indonesia E-mail : rismayadialen@upi.edu http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/penjas/index 233 Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) INTRODUCTION There are growing concerns about the future of adolescents today. Concern based on increasing adolescent problem behaviour (mischief, drug use), coupled with changing social forces (both working parents, increased youth without supervision at home), (FraserThomas, J. L., Côté, J., & Deakin, J., 2005). Over the past two decades, researchers and practitioners have taken a ' deficit reduction 'for young people's behaviour problems, (Benson, P. L., 2006). Olympism is a philosophy of life, elevating and combining in a balanced way the qualities of body, will, and mind. Integrating sport with culture and education, Olympism seeks to create a way of life-based on excitement, educational values, good examples, social responsibility and respect for universal fundamental ethical principles, (IOC, 2019). In connexion with the above explanation, we must think of ways for youth to develop themselves optimally. Optimal development in youth enables individuals to live healthy, satisfying, and productive lives as young people, and then as adults because they gain competence to earn a living, to engage in activities, to interact with others, and to participate in social relations and cultural activities, (Hamilton, S. F., Hamilton, M. A., & Pittman, K., 2004). Four main areas of youth development: physical, intellectual, psychological/emotional, and social. For each area of development, several things are suggested that are appropriate and facilitate positive youth development, (Fraser-Thomas, J. L., Côté, J., & Deakin, J., 2005). Basketball is a collective sport that is very popular in Serbia and around the world because of its attractiveness and dynamism (Marinković, D., & Pavlović, S, 2013). Kamble, P., Daulatabad, V., & Baji, P. S. (2012) explains that basketball is one of the most popular big ball games in the world, in which many things happen every second. More than 70 million people play basketball and more than 210 countries are FIBA members. The performance of Indian athletes in various national and international competitions is very poor and this is of great concern especially to coaches, sports scientists, doctors and researchers. We have done everything we can to raise the athlete's standard for achievement, but little success has been achieved. Each player's performance will depend on his physical fitness. Basketball is a dynamic team sport and is divided into four rounds of play with high intensity, requiring rapid changes of direction, and requiring specific technical skills and good physical abilities (Stojanović, E., Stojiljković, N., Scanlan, A. T., Dalbo, V. J., Berkelmans, D. M., & Milanović, Z., 2018; Ziv, G., & Lidor, R., 2010; Ferioli, D., Rampinini, E., Bosio, A., La Torre, A., Azzolini, M., & Coutts, A. J., 2018). Basketball is a team sport game that demands cooperation from every player on the field in accordance with the duties and roles of each position according to the game tactics used (Trninić, S., 2006; Bhadu, A. P., & Singh, P., 2016). Basketball is a very popular sport in the world and has grown quite significantly, so the number of young people involved in the sport has increased significantly. Due to the large number of young people involved in basketball, forming a strong team requires player selection (Anastasiadis, 2006; Apostolidis, N., & Zacharakis, E., 2015). Basketball has the highest youth sports participation rate and is perfect for offering young athletes the opportunity to get these benefits, (DiFiori, J. P., Güllich, A., Brenner, J. S., Côté, J., Hainline, B., Ryan, E., & Malina, R. M., 2018). Youth participation in sports such as basketball offers many potential benefits for children and adolescents. Youth participation in sports and providing a way to develop peer relationships, self-esteem, and leadership qualities, (FraserThomas, J. L., Côté, J., & Deakin, J., 2005). It can even lay the foundation for an active and healthy adult lifestyle, (Dobosz, R. P., & Beaty, L. A., 1999; Vella, S. A., Cliff, D. P., Magee, C. A., & Okely, A. D., 2014; McCabe, K. O., Modecki, K. L., & Barber, B. L., 2016). Based on the above explanation, it will be elaborated on the development of basketball in Indonesia, the model of basketball competition in Indonesia, the Olympism values in Indonesian Basketball, Positive Young Development and Basketball in Indonesia. METHODS The population and sample in this study were parents whose children were involved in school basketball activities or basketball clubs and basketball coaches. The number of samples in this study were 15 parents and 15 basketball coaches in the city of Bandung. The Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 234 Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) city of Bandung is used as a place of research because the city of Bandung is one of the cities in West Java which produces many national players. the abilities of the Residency teams consisting of Chinese players were far higher than those of native players.. This research will describe the development of basketball in Indonesia from 1920 - 1954, the model of basketball games in Indonesia from 1982 to 2019, Olympic values in Indonesian basketball, positive youth development and basketball in Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive method, with data retrieval using questionnaire techniques, interviews, and document review. The data analysis used the percentage technique from the perceptions of parents and trainers and the presentation of documents found by the researcher. In 1951 during the 2nd PON performance, basketball was played for men and women. The team sent no longer represented the Residency but already represented the Province. Teams from East Java, DKI Jakarta, West Java, and North Sumatra are the leading forces on the PON stage. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Basketball Development in Indonesia Basketball entered Indonesia in the 1920s, brought by Chinese nomads. Then, they formed their community, including establishing a Chinese school. So, basketball is developing fast in Indonesian Chinese schools. Chinese schools make basketball one of the compulsory sports that must be followed by every student so that in every school there is always a basketball court and basketball players whose performance stands out from the Chinese. Basketball clubs began to form in Indonesia in the 1930s in Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, and Medan; became central to the establishment of basketball associations in Indonesia. For example in Semarang the association of Chinese English School, Tionghwa Hwee, Fe Leon Ti Yu Hui, and Pheng Yu Hui who joined in Sahabat Semarang with their legend of Sony Hendrawan (Liem Tjien Sion). After the Independence Proclamation on August 17, 1945, basketball began to be widely known in cities which became the basis of struggles such as Yogyakarta and Solo. At the 1st PON (National Sports Week) (1948) in Solo, basketball was played for the first time at the national level. The 1st PON participants are still limited to the strongest man of each 'Residency', and also associations with native players such as PORI Solo, PORI Yogyakarta, and Sarangan Sports Academy. However, it must be admitted that for game techniques, In 1951, Maladi, a national sports figure, asked Tonny Wen and Wim Latumeten to form a basketball organisation in Indonesia. Maladi's position at that time was the secretary of the Indonesian Olympic Committee (KOI). On the initiative of these two figures, on October 23, 1951, an organisation was formed under the name "All Indonesia Basketball Association". In 1955, the name was perfected according to Indonesian rules. The name is "Indonesian Basketball Association" abbreviated as Perbasi. The first Perbasi executive is Tonny Wen as chairman and Wim Latumeten as secretary. Do not want to join with the formation of Perbasi, is the development of Indonesian basketball increasing rapidly? Apparently no. The first challenge came from Chinese associations who were not willing to join because they already had their associations. To solve this problem, in 1955 Perbasi held a Basketball Conference in Bandung. The conference was attended by delegates from Yogyakarta, Semarang, Jakarta, and Bandung. The most important decision of this conference is that Perbasi is the only basketball main organisation in Indonesia. The terms for Chinese basketball clubs are no longer recognised. This conference is also preparing for the holding of the 1st Perbasi Congress. Perbasi was accepted as a member of FIBA in 1953. A year later, in 1954, Indonesia for the first time sent a basketball team to the Manila Asian Games. Model of Basketball Competition in Indonesia Professional Competition After being accepted by the international basketball federation, Perbasi established a basketball competition in Indonesia in 1982 named KOBATAMA (Main Basketball Competition) which is the first national-level amateur basketball competition in Indonesia for men's groups. While the women's group basketball competi- Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 235 Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) tion was named KOBANITA (Women's Basketball Competition). KOBATAMA rolled for 28 years before finally being frozen in 2010 after difficulties in finding sponsors. In 2008, KOBATAMA was no longer held, while in 2009 the tournament lasted only 1 week. Some of the teams in the KOBATAMA competition were able to promote a professional basketball competition called the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL) which was established in 2003 and was participated in by 10 teams. As for the Women's Basket Ball competition, it was halted. Unfortunately, at the end of the 2009 season, the IBL performance threatened to disband after repeatedly changing promoters. en's Ballet Competition in the name Woman Basketball League (WNBL). In 2016, the National Basketball League (NBL) changed its name again to the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL) and for the women's basketball competition, the championship name was Srikandi Cup. Until this article was written, the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL) competition and the Srikandi Cup were ongoing. College Competition The college basketball competition in Indonesia has been running since the era of the 1990s, the name of Table 1. Indonesia Basketball League Champions 2003 – 2009 Year Champions Finals Result Runners-up Reference 2003 Aspac Jakarta 2-0 (best-of-3) Satria Muda BritAma [5] 2004 Satria Muda BritAma 2-0 (best-of-3) Aspac Jakarta [6] 2005 Aspac Jakarta 2-0 (best-of-3) Satria Muda BritAma [7] 2006 Satria Muda BritAma 2-0 (best-of-3) Aspac Jakarta [8] 2007 Satria Muda BritAma 3–2 (best-of-5) Aspac Jakarta [9] 2008 Satria Muda BritAma 3–1 (best-of-5) Garuda Bandung [10] 2009 Satria Muda BritAma 3–1 (best-of-5) Aspac Jakarta [11] Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_Basketball_League Table 2. National Basketball League Champions Year Champions Final Score (Single Game) Runners-up Reference 2010-11 Satria Muda BritAma 67-50 CLS Knights [12] 2011-12 Satria Muda BritAma 59-42 Aspac Jakarta [13] 2012-13 Aspac Jakarta 63-50 Pelita Jaya Jakarta 2013-14 Aspac Jakarta 83-67 Satria Muda BritAma 2014-15 Satria Muda BritAma 62-54 Pelita Jaya Jakarta Table 3. Indonesia Basketball League Champions 2016 – 2019 Year Champions Finals Result Runners-up Finals MVP 2016 CLS Knights Surabaya 2-1 (best-of-3) Pelita Jaya Energi Mega Persada Jamarr Johnson 2017 Pelita Jaya 2-1 (best-of-3) Satria Muda Pertamina Jakarta Martavious Irving 2018 Satria Muda Pertamina Jakarta 2-1 (best-of-3) Pelita Jaya Energi Mega Persada Jamarr Johnson 2019 Stapac Jakarta 2-0 (best-of-3) Satria Muda Pertamina Jakarta Savon Goodman Until finally in 2010, IBL changed its name to the National Basketball League (NBL). As for the Wom- competition is the Student Basketball League (LIBAMA) organised by PERBASI. Because the State Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 236 the Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) of Indonesia is an archipelago consisting of 34 provinces, the tiered competition system starts at the provincial level. The provincial basketball competition was named Liba Student Basketball (LIBAMA) followed by the province, for example, LIBAMA West Java. Then in each province, two teams were promoted to the national level. The name of the national level student competition is the National Basket League (LIBAMANAS). The student basketball league (LIBAMA) lasted until 2011, then the name of the competition was changed to the Basketball Student League (LIMA), which was organised by the Event Organiser and was established on May 15, 2012. LIMA has the intention and objective to create a container that is capable of being a place work for students and students in Indonesia in the sports field. The Student League or LIMA is an independent organisation that stands on three main pillars, namely Athletics, Education, and Social Responsibility. Athleticism is the first pillar of LIMA which is an illustration of one of the goals of LIMA as an organisation, which is to make the best contribution in the sports field. Athleticism is translated into every sport held by LIMA and through these sports the participants are motivated to learn to uphold sportsmanship values, such as recognising the excellence of others, being honest, disciplined, and mentally strong. Education is the second pillar of LIMA which refers to the concept of studentathlete which is believed to be LIMA. This concept means students are encouraged to be not only physically strong but also academically smart. This is implemented in the standard LIMA rules, every league participant must have at least a 2.00 cumulative achievement index (GPA) to be able to participate. This regulation is expected to be able to motivate for LIMA participants to maintain their academic values and teach them to be able to balance sports life without leaving their education. Being strong and smart is incomplete without Social Responsibility which is the third foundation of LIMA. This social care is applied by requiring LIMA participants to take part in social action for a minimum of six hours as a requirement to become LIMA participants. This social action is expected to be able to foster empathy and sympathy amongst the participants towards their environment. Make them more concerned about what is happening around them, (https:// id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liga_Mahasiswa). The Student League is not only focussed on the success of the competition but also pays attention to aspects of sports development at the college level. One form of concern for the Student League is to carry out a programme of activities that involve the active role of students as supporters of these activities so that it will raise awareness and pride in the alma mater of higher education competing in the Student League. Vision: To become one of the biggest student leagues (communities/associations) in the sports field all over Indonesia by always carrying out the educational and social concepts in each of its activities. Mission: 1. Contribute to sports through a series of sports competitions by holding quality annual sports events. 2. Conducting activities for the development of Indonesian sports by holding regular socialisation about sports to universities all over Indonesia and other LIMA stakeholders. 3. Actualising social care through a series of activities involving young people, especially college students. The Student League intends to be a "bridge" between education and sports, by introducing the concept of sports competitions involving student-athletes in Indonesia. The Student League has five sports competitions, namely basketball, badminton, futsal, swimming, and golf. The names of the Student League (LIMA) conferences are Prim-A Mineral Water Greater Jakarta Conference, Blibli.com West Java Conference, McDonalds East Java Conference, Kaskus Central Java-DIY Conference, and Nusantara Conference. The 1st Season of LIMA basketball was participated by 44 men's teams and 37 women's teams from 45 universities all over Indonesia. The success of the 1st season of LIMA basketball made a significant increase in the number of participants in the 2nd season. The 2nd season of the LIMA Basketball event featured 101 teams from 56 universities, consisting of 56 men's teams and 45 women's teams, (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Liga_Mahasiswa). The Basketball Student League (LIMA) West Conference will be held in August 2020. Student Competition In Indonesia, there are student competitions that are held officially by the government (a separate discussion), some are held by the private sector. But, of the Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 237 Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) many competitions between students, there is only one competition that has been nationwide, namely Deteksi Basketball League organised by PT. DBL Indonesia. The following is a glimpse of the competition. DBL was started in Surabaya in 2004. This league was intended as a simple high school league but organised in the right way. No professional or semipro players, no sponsors of cigaretes, alcohol and energy drinks. Players must be student-athlete. Their performance in the classroom is as important - or even more important than their performance on the basketball court. A total of 96 teams joined this first season, from various cities in East Java Province. Since the inaugural match, many people have realised that something special is happening. DBL's first match was very tight and emotional. The women's team of SMAN 20 Surabaya defeated SMA Santo Stanislaus 2 Surabaya. Sad and happy tears were seen around the field, watched by around 1,000 spectators. That year, the number of spectators was extraordinary for a high school level basketball competition. Since then, more enthusiasts have come to watch. In the final round, more than 5,000 people came to watch (the record for most basketball spectators in East Java at that time), and they are entertained by emotional and dramatic matches. SMAN 2 Surabaya won the men's championship, after forcing extra time through desperate shots from outside the three-figure line. The success of DBL's first season helped the league grow significantly. The more teams that join, the more viewers watch. Because so many teams want to appear, DBL runs out of capacity to accept everything. Therefore, new participants must appear first in the qualifying round, eliminating each other towards the main round (the record for the largest basketball audience in East Java at that time), and they are entertained by emotional and dramatic matches. SMAN 2 Surabaya won the men's championship, after forcing extra time through desperate shots from outside the three-figure line. Year to year, the implementation standards also continue to increase. New rules were introduced to make game presentations even better. The team and the audience continue to be forced to follow increasingly strict rules. In 2007, DBL matches were held as best or as possible better than professional and international matches. More than 55 thousand viewers watched DBL in 2007, almost four times more than in 2004. A total of 220 teams competed in 2007, more than twice the participants in 2004. This 2007 success signalled that the time had come for DBL to developing their wings. Since 2008, this basketball league is professionally managed. Jawa Pos established its subsidiary to manage the basketball league, PT Deteksi Basket Lintas Indonesia or better known as PT DBL Indonesia. Since 2018, DBL Indonesia has become an independent company that is no longer under the Java Pos. Until now, Azrul Ananda is still listed as the founder and CEO of PT DBL Indonesia. DBL established itself as the largest basketball league in Indonesia in 2008. In that year, DBL started a new point to be handled more professionally with the establishment of PT. Deteksi Basket Lintas (DBL) Indonesia. The name Deteksi Basketball League also evolved into Developmental Basketball League. The league's scope was extended to ten other cities in ten provinces. To meet the demands of the number of participants, in East Java DBL was divided into two regions: North Region in Surabaya, South Region in Malang. The other nine new cities are spread over nine provinces, on five islands in Indonesia. As in Surabaya, DBL received a warm reception in other provinces. DBL can break the record of participants and spectators. For example, in the cultural city of Jogjakarta, more than 16,500 people watched DBL in just six days. Figures that have never before been achieved for a basketball event. Along with the regional expansion, DBL also made history through two international collaborations. The first is a long-term collaboration with the most prestigious basketball league in the world: the NBA. Every year, the NBA will send its players and coaches to help the development of DBL's top players and coaches. The first official NBA event in Indonesia was held in Surabaya, August 23-24, 2008. The star was Danny Granger, Indiana Pacers' top scorer. The second international collaboration is with the Australian government. In October 2008, DBL sent its first All-Star Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 238 Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) Table 4. Composition of the Men’s All-Star 2009 DBL Team player No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Name Arif Hidayat Raymon Cuwondo Hendry Satria Santosa Indra Wijaya Alvin Nabil Zakariah Randika Aprilian Kevin Pratama Eki Rakity Leonardo Ozzie Okky Arista Herdanu Yudistira Place, Date of Birth Jember, 13-10-1991 Singkawang, 14-9-1992 Denpasar, 3-11-1993 Jakarta, 8-1-1992 Bandung, 15-3-1992 Surabaya, 5-1-1992 Bandung, 21-4-1992 Bandung, 11-4-1992 Pontianak, 28-12-1992 Jogjakarta, 30-7-1993 Batang, 12-10-1991 Balikpapan, 6-7-1993 School Origin SMAN 2 Jember SMA Santo Paulus Pontianak SMAN 1 Denpasar SMA Santa Maria Surabaya SMA Trinitas Bandung SMA Ta’miriayah Surabaya SMAN 9 Bandung SMA Trinitas Bandung SMA Santu Petrus Pontianak SMA Kolese de Brito Jogja SMA Theresiana Semarang SMKN 1 Balikpapan Source: http://coachsuryo.blogspot.com/2009/10/all-star-dbl-2009.html Table 5. Women's All-Star 2009 DBL team player composition No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Name Maria J R Kezia Marisya Rizkia Laura Salvadora Cynthia Dewiriani Yohana M Momot Amelia Herawati Diana Puspaningtyas Veti Vera Ayu Lestari Isara Nur Latifah Novi Apriyani Hervita Mandariani Place, Date of Birth Jakarta, 29-10-1992 Bandung, 10-3-1992 Jakarta, 16-10-1992 Malang, 25-9-1993 Sorong, 1-7-1991 Semarang, 19-6-1992 Bandung, 26-1-1993 Slemen, 1-7-1992 Banjarmasin, 30-8-1991 Bandung, 31-1-1992 Palembang, 13-11-1992 Surabaya, 19-10-1992 School Origin SMAN 1 Denpasar SMAN 1 Bandung SMA Satya Wacana Salatiga SMA Kolese Santo Yusuf SMA Teruna Bakti Jayapura SMA Karangturi Semarang SMAN 1 Bandung SMA Stella Duce Jogjakarta SMAN 7 Banjarmasin SMAN 9 Bandung SMAN Banyuasin III SMAN 8 Surabaya Source: http://coachsuryo.blogspot.com/2009/10/all-star-dbl-2009.html Table 6. Composition of the DBL Indosensi All-Star 2009 Coach Team No 1 2 3 4 5 Name Hanindito Nurfian Samsi Alen Rismayadi Wahyu Budi Njoo Soen Eng Place, Date of Birth Jember, 18-6-1972 Bogor, 24-11-1978 Tasikmalaya, 28-12-1976 Probolinggo, 16-4-1983 Surabaya, 23-3-1980 School Origin SMA Budi Mulia Jogjakarta SMAN 7 Bogor SMAN 1 Bandung SMA Petra 1 Surabaya SMA Frateran Surabaya teams (men and women) to Perth, to study and compete with young teams selected by Western Australia. As a refinement, in 2008 DBL also opened its new basketball building, DBL Arena. The building was built in only seven months. One of the best buildings in Indonesia has a capacity of 5,000 spectators, (https:// id.wikipedia.org/Delopmental_Basketball_League). In this DBL student competition, the writer was a DBL All-Star trainer from West Java in 2009 and was dispatched to Australia with four other trainers. The following are DBL All Stars 2009. On the 17th of October, the 18th team from the DBA (Darwin Basketball Association) will compete against the DBL Indonesia All-Star team at the DBL Arena Surabaya. After that, the DBL Indonesia All-Star team flew to Australia. On 24 October, they will compete against the Western Australia youth team in the City of Perth. The following is the composition of the DBL Indonesia All-Star team players. Age Group Competition Indonesia currently consists of 34 provinces de facto, five of them have different statuses (Aceh, Special Region of Yogyakarta, West Papua, Papua, and DKI Jakarta). Provinces are divided into 416 districts and 98 cities or 7,024 districts at the sub-district level, (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2015). or 81,626 regions at the village level, (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2015). Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 239 Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) Because Indonesia consists of an island nation, the competition system is adapted to these conditions. The competition starts from the District/City level which has members of the clubs in their area. The name of the district-level competition in the Age Group club competition. Whereas the Provincial level competition was named the Regional Championship (Kejurda) of the Age Group, the participants of which were District/City representatives. Then, for the national level, the Age Group National Championship (Kejurnas) is held. Participants are representatives of the provinces in Indonesia. This type of competition is the age group competition of 12 years, 14 years, 16 years, and 18 years. Basketball Competition Held at Multievent In addition to the above competitions, namely professional competitions, Higher Education competitions, and Age Group competitions. There is also a basketball competition that is held as a sport at multi-events. Student At the provincial level, the competition is called the Regional Student Sports Week (POPWILDA), namely the competition at the regional level in the province. For example in West Java Region consists of four regions, namely Region I consists of (Bogor District, Bogor City, Depok City, Cianjur District, Sukabumi District, West Bandung District, and Sukabumi City), Region II consists of (Bekasi City, Bekasi District, Purwakarta District, Karawang District, Cimahi City, and Subang District), Region III consists of (Indramayu District, Cirebon City, Cirebon District, Majalengka District, Sumedang District, Kuningan District, and Pangandaran District), Region IV consists of (Banjar City, Ciamis District, Tasikmalaya District, Tasikmalaya City, Garut District, Bandung District, and Bandung City). In the implementation of the POPWILDA finalists, each region will qualify to represent their region to compete at the Regional Sports Week (POPWILDA). For the national level, the competition is called the Students National Region Sports Week (POPWILNAS), the division of which is Region I consisting of Sumatra, Region II consists of Java, Bali, Kalimantan, and Region III of the Eastern Indonesian islands, namely Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku Papua. Finalists from each region will qualify to represent their respective regions to compete at the Students National Sports Week (POPNAS). Organisers and student participants all involve the education department, both district/ city, provincial and national levels. General For the provincial level, the competition is called the Regional Sports Week (PORDA). The concept of competition is the same as the level of students starting with the regional allowance. For example in West Java, the preliminary concept is called the PORDA qualification round which is divided into five regions, namely Region I consists of (Bogor District, Bogor City, Depok City, Sukabumi District, Sukabumi City, dan Cianjur District), Region II consists of (Bekasi City, Bekasi District, Subang District, Purwakarta District, and Karawang District), Region III consists of (Indramayu District, Cirebon City, Cirebon District, Majalengka District, and Kuningan District), Region IV consists of (Pangandaran District, Banjar City, Ciamis District, Tasikmalaya City, Tasikmalaya District, and Garut District), Region V consists of (Bandung District, Bandung City, West Bandung District, Cimahi City, and Sumedang District). Then each finalist from each region will represent their region at the Regional Sports Week (PORDA). At the national level, the competition is called the National Sports Week (PON). The preliminary concept is called the PON qualification round which is divided into three regions, namely Region I consists of Sumatra island, Region II consists of Java, Bali, Kalimantan, and Region III Eastern Indonesia islands namely Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua. Finalists from each region will qualify to represent their respective regions to compete at the National Sports Week (PON). Organisers and participants at the District/City and Provincial levels involve the sports department and the Indonesia National Sports Committee of District/City and province, while at the national level it involves the sports ministry and KONI Centre. Olympism Values in Indonesian Basketball The Olympic Movement has developed into something bigger than sport, as Baron Pierre de Coubertin meant from the start. It has attempted, with varying degrees of success, to promote concepts such as 'international understanding', 'brotherhood', and Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 240 Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) 'tranquillity'. Moral values, often called 'Olympics', distinguish the Olympics from all other major sporting events, (Crowther, N, 2004). Paradoxically, over the last century, the Olympics have evolved in different directions, such that the Olympics that exist today are in some ways the opposite of the Olympic ideals they should represent, (K. B. Wamsley, 2004). In all basketball competitions in Indonesia, every time they start the final match, it is always the song of Indonesia Raya, this is to implement one of the Olympic values about nationalism, in addition to that at the beginning and at the end of the match, all personnel (athletes, referees, coaches, and officials) to shake hands, this to instil the value of brotherhood following the mandate of the Olympics. Any individual who has never participated in a competition that is open to all entrants; or compete for cash prises; or gifts of money regardless of source, especially from acceptance into the field - or with professionals - and who have never, at any time in his life, a teacher or instructor paid in physical training, (Coubertin, P. D, 2000). This is the definition of amateur athlete that Coubertin presented at the Paris Congress in 1894, where he adopted the English amateur elitism code for the Olympics, and excluded 'athletes who do all kinds of manual work, regardless of whether the work was done or not related sports, (Guttmann, A, 2002). The participation of children and adolescents in all competitions in Indonesia is an amateur athlete because all the activities they carry out whether defending the school or the region do not get a steady income as stated by Coubertin. Even in the competition between students of Deteksi Basketball League (DBL), there is one competition rule that prohibits teenage athletes who have been paid for participating in the competition. There is only one competition involving athletes becoming professionals in Indonesia, namely the Indonesia Basketball League which is a professional basketball competition in Indonesia. Positive Young Development and Basketball in Indonesia An understanding of optimal youth development has emerged amongst researchers. Optimal development in youth enables individuals to live healthy, satisfying, and productive lives as young people, and then as adults, because they gain the competence to earn a living, engage in daily activities, interact with others, and to participate in social relations and cultural activities, (Hamilton, S. F., Hamilton, M. A., & Pittman, K, 2004). It is recommended that through optimal development, good youth will emerge. Good youth are those who experience more positive influences than negative ones, must be satisfied with their lives as they have lived, to recognise what they are doing well and use their strengths to achieve their goals, and to become members of the community that contribute, (Peterson, C, 2004). Positive youth development (PYD) refers to a broad approach that aims to build the competencies, skills, and abilities of youth that they need to grow and develop throughout life. PYD is a philosophy and approach for youth development. As a philosophy, PYD views youth as a valuable asset that must be nurtured and developed. The approach that flows from this philosophy works to build mutually beneficial relationships between youth and their families, peer groups, schools, workplaces, communities, other government institutions, communities, and culture to provide opportunities for young people to increase their knowledge, interests, skills, and abilities, (Examples of Positive Youth Development Program).⁸ Basketball has the highest youth sports participation rate and is perfect for offering young athletes the opportunity to get these benefits, (Ferioli, D., Rampinini, E., Bosio, A., La Torre, A., Azzolini, M., & Coutts, A. J, 2018). Youth participation in organized basketball has been linked to behavioural and development indicators related to adolescent's physical, social, psychological, and achievement. Groups organising basketball activities in Indonesia are organised in schools for every level, from elementary, junior high school, senior high school, and university. In addition, basketball activities in Indonesia are gathered at basketball clubs in every city in every province, and some are members of basketball academies. A concrete example in Bandung city, West Java. Almost all schools of each level have basketball extracurricular activities, and 32 basketball clubs are members of the Bandung City PERBASI Pengcab, all of whom foster children and adolescents from the age of 10 years and under, 12 years, 14 years, 16 years, and 18 years. In the rules of the basketball game, the planting of positive values is highly valued, for example, listed in Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 241 Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) nies. In fact, writers are often visited by private companies, banks, and state-owned companies (BUMN), they ask employees to be employed in their companies. This happens because, in Indonesia, there are many basketball matches between private companies, banks, and between state-owned companies (BUMN). The author also conducted interviews with coaches in schools and clubs. They have all instilled the values of Olympism and positive young development in the training process. article 37 regarding technical foul article 1 point 1 namely; The proper behaviour of the match requires full and loyal co-operation from the players, head coaches, assistant coaches, substitute players, players who have not played and delegation members who accompany the referees, desk staff and commissioners if present, (PERBASI, 2018). Judging from article 37.1.1, it is clear that basketball is very concerned about the behaviour of its players, not even just the players, but includes the coach, coach assistant, and all the officials involved in the team. Social control refers to how a group or society encourages adherence to norms. In the context of sports, the rules represent the norm, and officials are the rule enforcers and the administrator of the penalties in case of violations of certain rules. In sports such as basketball, ice and field hockey, football and lacrosse, which contain quick action and body contact, penalties are placed on the ability of officials to enforce rules in a way that maintains (social) game control, (Snyder, E. E., & Purdy, D. A, 1987). One of the concerns of the government about the appreciation for those involved in sports activities, especially in basketball, the Indonesian government is very concerned about the fate of education for those involved in sports activities. For example, in Bandung city, through Perwal 013 in 2019 on the Acceptance of the New Students Participation (PPDB), the second part of article 8 namely; The City Government implements PPDB registration through a. zoning; b. achievement; and c. transfer of duties of parents/guardians, (Peraturan Wali Kota Bandung Nomor 013, 2019). In Perwal 013 in 2019 it was clearly set that potential children could be accepted or continue their education to a higher level, namely elementary school to junior high school or junior high school to high school with an achievement track. Even especially in West Java, Indonesia, this basketball achievement track applies also to the admission of new students, there are even some private universities that can provide full scholarships (free of cost of education, given a place to live in the mess, even given meal allowance) to those who have basketball expertise. Coach and Parents' Perceptions about the Purpose of Basketball Coaching in Indonesia Based on research in the field, in this case, the researchers used data collection techniques through interviews with 15 athletes' parents and 15 coaches. Data obtained from the interviews and concluded as follows: S R TS Positive Young Development (PYD) S R TS Parents 73,3% 26,6% 0,00% 73,3% 26,6% 0,00% Coach 73,3% 26,6% 0,00% 93,3% 6,6% 0,00% Parents & Coach 73,3% 26,6% 0,00% 83,3% 16,6% 0,00% Olympism Information: S: Agree; R: Doubt; TS: Disagree Based on the writer's observations in the field during basketball training since 1997, there have been many young athletes who were trained by the author and no already working. If observed, the majority of them can work both in government and private compa- From the table above, it can be concluded 73.33% of parents agree with the concept of basketball coaching directed to the values of Olympism and positive young development (PYD). But for trainer respondents, there is a difference in the percentage of perception of the concepts of Olympism values (73.33%) and positive young development (PYD) (93.33%), this is due to the trainer's understanding of Olympism values and positive young development. Then if combined the perception of parents and coach, it was found that 73.33% agreed with the application of the Olympism concept and 83.33% agreed with the application of the positive young development values. Some respondents answered doubtfully, both parents of athletes and coaches. The researcher's assumption for those who answer is doubt because they are still achievement-oriented in coaching teenage athletes. Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 242 Alen Rismayadi, et.al/ Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga 5 (2) (2020) CONCLUSION Basketball is one of the sports that has a high degree of Olympism and positive young development, this is proven by the values contained in the characteristics of the game. A team will be great if there is a positive interaction between team members, athletes with athletes, athletes with coaches, athletes with officials, and coaches with officials. Even in basketball, the habit of shaking hands is one of the symbols to uphold friendship. The inculcation of positive values in basketball has been reflected in the rules of the game which almost all of the articles are oriented towards respecting opponents and disciplining themselves so as not to violate the rules of the game. 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