STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING OF PHONOLOGY

STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF PHONOLOGY Ira Wardani Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Email: irawardani222@gmail.com ABSTRACT Phonology is a branch of linguistics that deals with the ways in which sounds are used systematically in various languages to form words and speech. Phonology aims to understand the silent system used by speakers in understanding and manipulating their language. The research in this article aims to determine students' understanding of phonology. The sample of this research is 20 students majoring in English Education. This research is a type of survey research using a questionnaire. The number of students in this study was 20 students. The results showed that students understood phonology as a study that studies sounds or sound patterns in a language. However, students said that studying phonology was difficult because it was really about how to pronounce words with. some students already understand phonology well, but some still do not understand. Keywords : Phonology, Students’Understanding INTRODUCTION There are two subdisciplines in linguistics education study program through the which deal with sound, namely phonetics answers that the researchers got from the and phonology. Which is to provide an results of the questionnaire. They studied outline of the sounds of various English phonology courses in semester 4. In accents and how those sounds combine phonology they discussed how the correct and pattern together, we will need aspects sound of a letter was. Them this course is of both. Phonetics provides objective ways helpful for in English pronunciation. of describing and ana lysing the range of Phonology is not so difficult for some sounds humans use in their languages. students but for other students phonology Phonology is one of the English education is courses. Based on research conducted on understand. 4th semester students of the English still quite difficult for them to Through this research, the reader will Language should be described using the know what phonology actually . The same terms as phonology. Verhaar (1982) extent to which students' ability to pointed out that phonology is the study of understand phonology courses, so that the phonology teachers in particular are able discourses, the differences are always in to innovate in teaching phonology. the smallest words as differences between "components". speech analysis consists of two levels, voice and BRIEF LITERATURE phoneme. Units of sound (fonts) are 1. Phonology discussed at the phonetic level, while units Phonology is an experimental science, of phonemes are discussed at the phonetic although it also requires a considerable level. Phonemes (La Bolivar: 1980). View degree, Roughly formal analysis and abstract the same as Bloomfield theory. The main data on which the theory (1933:78), defines a phoneme as a unit, the of speech is based is speech data, that is, smallest sound, capable of distinguishing observations of the phonetic form of meanings. According to April McMohan utterances. The goal phonology is the (2002) Phonetics including research default system of rules that speakers use to voice sounds, including sound created and understand and understand manipulate produced by human voice. there's a few their voices. Since voice data is speech, components combined into a product and since (as we'll see). Voice rules speaking voice. These include articulator depend on voice, suitable for first graders or movement mouth. speech organs, such voice first. Specifically, a phonetologist as respiratory system, assisted production trying to get data without a native speaker language and auditory phonetics. That previous training in speech production and The human voice can produce many perception time. languages voices that vary by language. Phonology is about differences in the That English has 13 vowels and 24 meanings that sounds represent. Note that consonant; due to dialect. The occlusal there is a growing body of literature on system includes nose, mouth, tongue, symbolic phonological languages; this is teeth, not to underestimate its importance, but to structures working together to produce focus on the acoustical relevance of speech. Air flow through the nose, then meaning The tongue touches the back of the front can in be language. difficult However, the regularity of the symbols is not obvious. roof mouth and lips. These teeth, produces the sound of the letter "n". Closed lips make a "p"-like sound by exhausting air. Specific action and the indicate field of study or student it has no placement of these components produce glue to understand. Powerful internalizing different sounds. The speech organ also ingredients work with articulators sound production. comprehensive An example is respiratory system or lungs, Sardiman (at Shodiq:2009:18). Emphasize chest muscle and functional trachea understanding dynamic content, expected with throat. Throat up the trachea has two understanding vocal cords or strings that work like lips. understanding will stimulate imagination air off lungs, in coordination with the chest and ideas tengan if it is an area of study or muscles, sound on and off vibrating rope, student. I really get it, it's over get a creating voice sound. specific answer problems or problems in In learning, the element of understanding is not can be separated from elements . psychological factors: in a concept a understanding will be of. creative, study. Meanwhile, Bloom and Winkle (in 2. Student Understanding Other learn i.e. motivation, concentration and response. Shodiq 2009:17;18). Understanding in the cognitive domain,comprehension includes ability understand the meaning and significance of the material being taught student as Disciplines can develop Facts, ideas and skills. Then Organizing elements METHOD to learn subjects organize and find these This research was conducted on 4th things together in a pattern logical since a semester students of the English Studies range of data is checked In this way, program at the State Islamic University of learners gradually begin to understand and North Sumatra. Researchers researched their impact on the overall problem. based on the questionnaire given to Understanding means more than just students. The subject of study is all having to but also requires areas of study students in the 4th Semester of English Use materials that have already been used Education Study Program at the State Understand, if so, you will learn easier, but Islamic University of North Sumatra. This actually many subjects in school is the type of research is descriptive qualitative. element of understanding. E.g: a lot has This study does not include calculations. happened, students study at night. There Therefore, the relevant data appears in was an exam the morning before sky. but words instead of numbers. To collect data, if you ask two or three days later, what the study used a questionnaire. The about most people forget about that researcher asked the students to answer the questions in the questionnaire about 4 students answered that phonology is the phonology. Then the researcher looked at study of sound. This section concludes that the extent to which students understood most students have understood phonology the study of phonology. In analyzing the correctly. data, the researcher analyzed based on the answers by students from the answers in b. What is the purpose of studying phonology? the questionnaires they filled out. The list of questions in the questionnaire they are : In this section, the researcher found 10 students answered phonology to be 1. What do you know about phonology? pronunciation. 4 students answer so 2. What is the purpose of studying phonology? that we know the difference between sounds. And 4 students answered to 3. What do we study in phonology? give 4. Is learning phonology easy or difficult? include the reason 5. useful in developing good English our understanding how to pronounce a word. In this section the researcher concludes based on the Do you understand phonology well? answers they cannot conclude what is the real purpose of phonology. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION c. What do we study in phonology? 1. Findings In this section, the researcher found In this subsection, the results of this work 18 students answered in our phonology is presented. The study consisted of 5 study of vowels, consonants, and syllables. questions . This research data is taken Based on these answers, the researcher from concluded that students already knew what student answers based on questionnaire. Questions answered by 20 4th semester students majoring in English education. was discussed in phonology. d. Is learning phonology easy or difficult? include the reason 1.1. Statement of results a. What do you know about phonology? In this section, the researcher found that almost some students said learning phonology was difficult. Because to follow In this section, the researcher found 16 students said that phonology is a studio about the speech sound of a language. And the way of speaking a native speaker is definitely difficult and it takes practice to have a clear pronunciation. Based on this in sound sounds in a word about the answer, the researcher concludes that in process of formation, announcement / studying phonology, it is only concerned pronunciation. The workings of human with how to maintain pronunciation with organs, especially those related to the use native speaker. of language. Some students think that learning phonology is difficult. Based on e. Do you understand phonology the well? research conducted. Researchers explain explanations about phonology and In this section, the researcher found that how students understand in learning it. some students could understand phonology CONCLUSION well and some could not. The conclusion of this research in understanding the phonology of students learning English. English students already understand well although there are some students who feel that learning phonology is still difficult. This research is also useful for lecturers to get information about the 2. Discussion extent to which students understand English Student at North Sumatra State phonology. Furthermore, the results of this Islamic study University in understanding can be used as additional phonology is quite good. According to the information for readers to phonology answers from the students they studied, course. they said that phonology is a study of the speech sounds of a language. As April Mcmohan said that the study of phonology about sound. According to the understanding of the 4th semester students majoring in English, the purpose of studying phonology is to develop how to pronounce the language well and know the difference in sounds. According to the researcher's perception, the purpose of learning phonology is to find out changes REFERENCES De lacy, Paul. (2007). Introductory of phonology.UK: Blackwell’s publishing. Gut, Ulrike.(2009). Introduction to English phonetics and phonology.Germany: Peter lang. Hannahs.S.J, and Davenport, Mike.(2010). Introducing phonetics and Hodder phonology.London: education. Roach, Petter.(1991). English phonetics Huls.der.van.Harry, Heuven van, J,Vincent and Jeroen van de weijer.(2003).The phonological Spectrum. 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