Laboratory investigation of soil reinforcement using shredded waste plastic bottles

Soil stabilization is the technique by which the physical properties of the soil are changed. Stabilizing a problematic soil increases the shear strength of the soil; it increases the bearing capacity of the soil by chemical admixtures, mechanical and dewatering depending on the soil characteristics. Waste plastic has been effectively used to reduce the challenges of the societies. Waste plastic products are the most dangerous materials which bring a significant problem on the environment and human health. Since it is a non-biodegradable material, it can stay in the soil for a long period of time and it gets contact with the underground water and which is difficult to treat. Recycling these waste plastic products meets many advantages. These materials can be used as a soil stabilizer or as a reinforcement by infilling the stone aggregates or fly ashes. Cutting these plastics into small strips and mixing with the soil with different percentages, the properties of the problematic soil...

IRJET, 2023

Extensive complexion clay soils are the types of soils in which the volume changes with respect to the change in their water content. They have a geste of swelling and shrinking that is a serious hazard to structures erected over them. Extensive soils are abundantly being soil types in Ethiopia, particularly Addis Ababa. This paper shows the issues of an attempt to supports and stabilize extensive completion clay soil with plastic bottle strips. The plastic strips were prepared and added at three different mixing ratios (0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%) by weight and in three different aspect rates (5.0 mm × 7.5 mm, 10mm × 15mm, 15mm ×20mm). The experimental results showed that there was a significant enhancement in shear strength parameters. The lump and desiccation cracking geste of the soil were also expressively reduced. There was a substantial reduction in the optimum moisture content and slight prolifiration in the maximum dry density. Stabilizing extensive complexion clay soils with waste plastic bottles contemporaneously solves the challenges of indecorous plastic waste recycling that is presently a teething problem in at most developing countries. The results attained from this study positively suggest that addition of this material in extensive soils would be effective for ground improvement/enhancement in geotechnical engineering.

International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science & Technology (IJIRCST), 2023

Any procedure that enhances the physical characteristics of soil, such as raising its shear strength or bearing capacity, is referred to as soil stabilization. This can be accomplished through the use of controlled compaction or by adding the right admixtures, such as cement, lime, and waste products like fly ash and phosphogypsum. Since good quality soil for embankments and pavements is difficult to come by, using plastic bottles as a soil stabilizer is an inexpensive use of waste materials. This project entails a thorough investigation into the potential use of used plastic bottles for stabilizing soil. In order to conduct the analysis, a CBR test was performed on soil that had been reinforced with layers of plastic bottles at varying percentages (0.5%, 0.7%, and 0.9% for distinct soils). The CBR test is carried out on red, loamy soil and black cotton soil. It is discovered that the strength of the soil is increased, resulting in a bearing ratio of 3.3 for black cotton soil and 0.7% for red soil after the addition of plastic stripes. Additionally, loamy soil's strength is boosted by adding 0.7% of plastic strips, resulting in a bearing ratio of 2.9.

Soil stabilisation is any process which improves the physical properties of soil, such as increasing shear strength, bearing capacity etc. which can be done by use of controlled compaction or addition of suitable admixtures like cement, lime and waste materials like fly ash, phosphogypsum etc. The cost of introducing these additives has also increased in recent years which opened the door widely for the development of other kinds of soil additives such as plastics, bamboo etc. This new technique of soil stabilisation can be effectively used to meet the challenges of society, to reduce the quantities of waste, producing useful material from non-useful waste materials. Use of plastic products such as polythene bags, bottles etc. is increasing day by day leading to various environmental concerns. Therefore the disposal of the plastic wastes without causing any ecological hazards has become a real challenge. Thus using plastic bottles as a soil stabiliser is an economical utilization si...

Open Journal of Civil Engineering, 2020

2018

As good soil becomes scarcer and their location becomes even more difficult and costlier, the need to improve its quality using innovative new technique is becoming ever more important. This research involves a study on the possible use of waste plastic bottles as soil reinforcement elements. A series of tri-axial test were carried out on three different samples of soil prepared from typical soil used for routine construction in and around Kathmandu valley. The analysis was carried out by varying the percentage of plastic used varying from 0.5% to 1.5% by weight of dry soil. The results indicate 25% to 125% increase in shear strength of soil for an addition of 0.5% to 1.5% of plastic strips by weight of soil under laboratory conditions. The primary objective of this research is to find out an effective utilization of waste plastic bottles in the geotechnical engineering application, simultaneously addressing some aspects of solids waste management without adversely affecting the nat...

Stabilization is the combination of soils and additives to change its properties and remain in its stable compacted state without undergoing any change under effect of exposure to weather and traffic. Soil stabilization through the reinforced soil construction is an efficient and reliable technique for improving the strength and stability of soils. The lateritic soil used in this study was taken along Papa-Ilaro road Ajegunle at Abalabi, Ogun State, Nigeria and the solid plastic wastes were taken from different locations in Ilaro. The plastics were grounded into pellets and substituted with laterite at 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% for compaction test and at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% for California bearing ration (CBR) test. The tests conducted in line with BS 1377 (1990) are the specific gravity, compaction and CBR. From the results, it was also observed that plastic pellets reduce the bulk densities and dry densities in the same proportion as the percentage water content increases. From the results, it is hereby suggested that plastic pellets could be mixed with lateritic material around underground pipes to mitigate the effects of accidental explosions. Consequently, environmental risk and hazards caused by plastic wastes and accidental explosions could be greatly reduced. Over the last three decades there has been increasing global concern over the public health impacts attributed to environmental pollution, in particular, the global burden of diseases (Kimani, 2007). The world Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about a quarter of the diseases facing mankind today occurs due to prolong exposure to environmental pollution. Most of these environmental-related diseases are however not easily detected and may be acquired during childhood and manifested later in the adulthood. Improper management of solid waste is one of the main causes of environmental pollution and degradation in many cities, especially in developing countries. Many of these cities lack solid waste regulation and proper disposal facilities, including harmful waste which may be infectious, toxic or radioactive. Municipal waste dumping sites are designated places set aside for waste disposal. Depending on a level of waste generated, such waste may be dumped in an uncontrolled manner or simply burnt. Plastics are inexpensive, lightweight, strong, durable, corrosion-resistant materials, with high thermal and electrical insulation properties. The diversity of polymers and the versatility of their properties are used to make a vast array of products that brings medical and technological advances, energy savings and other numerous societal benefits. As a consequence, the production of plastics has increased substantially over 60 years from around 0.5 million tons in 1950 to over 260 million tons today. In Europe alone, according to European Public Health Alliance, (2009) the plastics industry has a turnover in excess of 300 million Euros and employs 1.6 million people (Plastics Europe, 2009). Out of all the plastic waste generated around the world, only 5 per cent is recycled while the remaining 95 per cent ends up in landfills, worse, as litter or in the oceans according to Carter, (1985). In line with the basic environmental edicts; reduce, reuse and recycle which is the main focus of this study. The specific objectives are to determine the moisture content of lateritic soil and plastic pellets, to determine the specific gravity of laterite and laterite mixed with plastic pellets, to determine the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density laterite and laterite stabilized with varying degrees of plastic pellets, to determine the bearing capacity of lateritic soil stabilized with plastic pellet using the California Bearing Ratio (CBR). Stabilization is the combination of soils and additives in such a way the, when it is compacted under specified conditions and to specified extent, would undergo material change in its properties and would remain in its stable compacted state without undergoing any change under effect of exposure to weather and traffic. Stabilization could be mechanical, bituminous, chemical (cement, lime etc.) or a combination of two or more of these materials depending on the nature of deficiency observed in a particular lateritic soil. Soil stabilization involves the use of stabilizing agents (binder materials) in weak soils to improve its geotechnical properties such as compressibility, strength, permeability and durability (Olarewaju, 2013).

IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research and Development, 2018

— Soil stabilization could be a method that improves the physical properties of soil, like increasing shear strength, bearing capability etc. which might be done by use of controlled compaction or addition of appropriate admixtures like cement, lime and waste materials like ash, phosphor mineral etc. This new technique of soil stabilization is effectively wont to meet the challenges of society, to scale back the quantities of waste, manufacturing helpful material from non-useful waste materials. Plastic like searching luggage is employed to as a reinforcement to perform the cosmic microwave background studies whereas admixture with soil for improving engineering performance of sub grade soil. Plastic strips obtained from waste plastic were mixed randomly with the soil. A series of California Bearing quantitative relation (CBR) tests were dole out on every which way bolstered soil by varied share of plastic strips with totally different lengths and proportions. Results of cosmic microwave background tests demonstrated that inclusion of waste plastic strips in soil with acceptable amounts improved strength and deformation behavior of sub grade soils considerably.

GRD Journals , 2019

The correct stabilization of foundation soils constitutes an increasingly important issue in the present Civil Engineering wo rld. Concerns over the environment have taken significant proportions, and there is the awareness today that efforts must be made to diminish the environmental damage caused by the development of infrastructures. Therefore, it has become urgent not only to f ind building procedures, which will allow this objective to be achieved, but also to accelerate their implementation. This study consists of improving the Engineering properties of Black Cotton soil using recycled glass and plastic. Recycling material from the or iginal site, independently of the simplicity avoids its substitution by better materials, recovered elsewhere; which has severe consequences for the environment. This also eliminates the need for a deposit site of unused material. The main goal of this work is to qu antify the benefits achieved with the stabilization of a black cotton soil, with respect to its Engineering properties .

Advances in Civil Engineering

Black cotton soils, which are expansive, are present in abundance in Ethiopia. This type of soil possesses expansion when saturated with water and contraction during hot seasons, due to which it is labelled as “weak soil.” They may remain a threat to the structures if they are constructed over them without precautions. The quality of such soils can be improved by treating them with suitable stabilizers or soil reinforcers. This paper discusses the chances of using the second waste of plastic bottles as a reinforcer to strengthen weak black cotton soils in Ethiopia. Second, plastic bottle waste was added at 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9% to the soil, and numerous trials were conducted to ensure the reliability of the results. The effects were analyzed based on the results from the Atterberg limit tests, compaction tests, unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests, and the California bearing ratio test (CBR) for soaked and unsoaked conditions. The results were compared against the natura...