CNC Router Pt. 2

In the last issue, we began building our shop-made CNC router. In the first part of the project, the main bed of the CNC was built, along with the gantry. In this second installment, you’ll be building the Z-axis mount.

THREE DIMENSIONS. When CNC routers first hit the workplace, most of them were limited to two dimensional work. This meant they could cut out parts, but they couldn’t cut relief carvings. By adding the third (Z-axis) to the CNC, you can transform the router from a part cutter to a carving powerhouse.

The Z-axis mount consists of a small stepper motor and carriage that rides left and right along the gantry. Attached to the carriage is a clamp where your router will be held.

THE MOTOR. While we’re on the subject of the router, let’s talk a little bit about what type of router you’ll want to add to your machine.

For my CNC, I used a small palm router. Anything over 1-HP should be powerful enough for most tasks you’ll ask of this CNC. This doesn’t mean that you can’t up-size the motor to suit your needs. Just be aware that a larger motor will be heavier and any time you use a large bit, you’ll need to cut slower.

The combination of three axes and a large bed allows the CNC to not only cut out two dimensional parts, but also to relief carve items such as moldings and appliqués. So, continue on to finish the final steps in building your own CNC router.