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Essay on Criticism
Written by Alexander Pope
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An Essay on Criticism was the first major poem written by the English writer Alexander Pope (1688-1744). However, despite the title, the poem is not as much an original analysis as it is a compilation of Pope's various literary opinions. A reading of the poem makes it clear that he is addressing not so much the ingenuous reader as the intending writer. It is written in a type of rhyming verse called heroic couplets. (Summary from Wikipedia)
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Alexander Pope
Alexander Pope kommt 1688 in London zur Welt. Als Katholiken beargwöhnt, zieht sich die Familie bald nach der Geburt Alexanders aufs Land zurück, was die Ausbildung des Jungen schwierig gestaltet. Autodidaktisch erlernt er Latein und Griechisch, aber auch Französisch und Italienisch und beginnt früh, Verse zu schreiben. Die Pastorals erscheinen 1709 und begründen seinen Ruhm als einer der bedeutendsten englischen Dichter des beginnenden 18. Jahrhunderts. Äußerlich kleinwüchsig und an vielerlei Gebrechen leidend, erhalten viele seiner geschliffenen Verse den Stellenwert von Sprichwörtern.Pope ist der erste englische Dichter, der schon zu Lebzeiten bleibenden Ruhm im gesamten europäischen Ausland erfährt. Er führt das Versepos in England zur Blüte und macht es zur beherrschenden poetischen Form seines Jahrhunderts. Bis 1725 widmet sich Pope der Übersetzung der Ilias und der Odyssee, ein Projekt, das so lukrativ für ihn wird, daß es ihn fortan finanziell unabhängig macht. 1733 entsteht dann das philosophische Lehrgedicht Vom Menschen, in dem Pope bezweifelt, das das Wesen des Menschen aus spekulativer Vernunft heraus bestimmt werden kann. Die welthaften Bedingungen und Beziehungen des menschlichen Lebens seien vielmehr Voraussetzung für die philosophische Erkenntnis. Menschliches Glück könne nur in einer Gesellschaft erlangt werden, die größtmögliche Individualität erlaube.Pope stirbt 1744 in Twickenham bei London.
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