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    Monism as Connecting Religion and Science A Man of Science
    Monism as Connecting Religion and Science A Man of Science
    Monism as Connecting Religion and Science A Man of Science
    Ebook80 pages1 hour

    Monism as Connecting Religion and Science A Man of Science

    By Ernst Haeckel

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    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 26, 2013
    Monism as Connecting Religion and Science A Man of Science
    Author

    Ernst Haeckel

    Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919) was a pioneering German scientist, credited with popularising Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution in Germany. He discovered and named thousands of new species in his lifetime, and coined many biological terms still in use today, such as ‘ecology’. His magnum opus, ‘Art Forms in Nature’ (1904), couples his analytical mind with his creative spirit.

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      Book preview

      Monism as Connecting Religion and Science A Man of Science - Ernst Haeckel

      The Project Gutenberg EBook of Monism as Connecting Religion and Science, by Ernst Haeckel

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

      Title: Monism as Connecting Religion and Science

      Author: Ernst Haeckel

      Release Date: October, 2005 [EBook #9199 This file was first posted on September 15, 2003 Last Updated: May 8, 2013

      Language: English

      *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MONISM ***

      Produced by Lee Dawei, Thomas Berger and Distributed Proofreaders

      MONISM AS CONNECTING RELIGION AND SCIENCE

      A MAN OF SCIENCE

      By Ernst Haeckel

      Translated From The German By J. Gilchrist, M.A., B.Sc., Ph.D.

      PREFACE

      The following lecture on Monism is an informal address delivered extemporaneously on October 9, 1892, at Altenburg, on the seventy-fifth anniversary of the Naturforschende Gesellschaft des Osterlandes. The immediate occasion of it was a previous address delivered by Professor Schlesinger of Vienna on Scientific Articles of Faith. This philosophical discourse contained, with reference to the weightiest and most important problems of scientific investigation, much that was indisputable; but it also contained some assertions that challenged immediate rejoinder and a statement of the opposite view. As I had for thirty years been very closely occupied with these problems of the philosophy of nature, and had set forth my convictions with respect to them in a number of writings, a wish was expressed by several members of the Congress that on this occasion I should give a summary account of these. It was in compliance with this wish that the following Scientific Confession of Faith was uttered. The substance of it, as written from recollection on the day after its delivery, first appeared in the Altenburger Zeitung of 19th October 1892. This was reproduced, with one or two philosophical additions, in the November number of the Freie Bühne für den Entwickelungskampf der Zeit (Berlin). In its present form the Altenburg address is considerably enlarged, and some parts have been more fully worked out. In the notes (p. 9 I) several burning questions of the present day have been dealt with from the monistic point of view.

      The purpose of this candid confession of monistic faith is twofold. First, it is my desire to give expression to that rational view of the world which is being forced upon us with such logical rigour by the modern advancements in our knowledge of nature as a unity, a view in reality held by almost all unprejudiced and thinking men of science, although but few have the courage (or the need) to declare it openly. Secondly, I would fain establish thereby a bond between religion and science, and thus contribute to the adjustment of the antithesis so needlessly maintained between these, the two highest spheres in which the mind of man can exercise itself; in monism the ethical demands of the soul are satisfied, as well as the logical necessities of the understanding.

      The rising flood of pamphlets and books published on this subject, demonstrates that such a natural union of faith and knowledge, such a reasonable reconciliation of the feelings and the reason, are daily becoming a more pressing necessity for the educated classes. In North America (in Chicago), there has been published for several years a weekly journal devoted to this purpose: The Open Court: A Weekly Journal devoted to the Work of Conciliating Religion and Science. Its worthy editor, Dr. Paul Carus (author of The Soul of Man, 1891), devotes also to the same task a quarterly journal under the title The Monist. It is in the highest degree desirable that so worthy endeavours to draw together the empirical and speculative views of nature, realism and idealism, should have more attention and encouragement than they have hitherto received, for it is only through a natural union of the two that we can approach a realisation of the highest aim of mental activity-the blending of religion and science in monism.

      ERNST HAECKEL. JENA, October 31, 1892

      MONISM

      A society for investigating nature and ascertaining truth cannot celebrate its commemoration day more fittingly than by a discussion of its highest general problems. It must be regarded, therefore, with satisfaction that the speaker on such an august occasion as this—the seventy-fifth anniversary of your Society—has selected as the subject of his address a theme of the highest general importance. Unfortunately, it is becoming more and more the custom on such occasions, and even at the general meetings of the great Association of German Naturalists and Physicians, to take the subject of address from a narrow and specialised territory of restricted interest. If this growing custom is to be excused on the grounds of increasing division of labour and of diverging specialisation in all departments of work, it becomes all the more necessary that, on such anniversaries as the present, the attention of the audience should be invited to larger matters of common interest.

      Such a topic, supreme in its importance, is that concerning Scientific Articles of Faith, upon which Professor Schlesinger has already expounded his views.[1] I am glad to be able to agree with him in many important points, but as to others I should like to express some hesitation, and to ask consideration for some views which do not coincide with his. At the outset, I am entirely at one with him as to that unifying conception of nature as a whole which we designate in a single word as Monism. By this we unambiguously express our conviction that there lives one spirit in all things, and that the whole cognisable world is constituted, and has been developed, in accordance with one common fundamental law. We emphasise by it, in

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