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    Mastering phpMyAdmin 3.1 for Effective MySQL Management
    Mastering phpMyAdmin 3.1 for Effective MySQL Management
    Mastering phpMyAdmin 3.1 for Effective MySQL Management
    Ebook773 pages5 hours

    Mastering phpMyAdmin 3.1 for Effective MySQL Management

    By Marc Delisle

    3/5

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    About this ebook

    In Detail

    MySQL has gained wide popularity because of its open-source nature, performance, reliability, robustness, and support for various platforms.

    phpMyAdmin is a web-based front-end to manage MySQL databases and has been adopted by a number of open-source distributors. It is one of the most widely used open-source applications written in PHP. phpMyAdmin supports a wide range of operations with MySQL. Currently, it can create and drop databases, create/drop/alter tables, delete/edit/add fields, execute any SQL statement, manage keys on fields, manage privileges, export data into various formats and is available in 52 languages. The powerful graphical interface of version 3.1 has made phpMyAdmin an indispensable tool for MySQL and web developers.

    This is the first book that covers version 3.1, the latest version of phpMyAdmin. It has been fully updated from the previous version that covered phpMyAdmin Version 2.11. It is a comprehensive guide to unlocking the full potential of phpMyAdmin. It builds a solid understanding of the core capabilities of phpMyAdmin before walking you through every facet right from showing you how to set up and manage the database with clear, step-by-step instructions and screenshots to exploring the less well known and generally under-used features and capabilities of phpMyAdmin in depth. Along the way you'll build a more detailed understanding of SQL and how it works in MySQL.

    Whether you are an experienced developer, system administrator, web designer or new to MySQL and phpMyAdmin, this book will show you how to increase your productivity and control when working with your MySQL.

    Unlock the full potential of phpMyAdmin

    Approach

    The book is a step-by-step tutorial for phpMyAdmin explaining and demonstrating the potential of this tool with clear instructions and screenshots. After covering installation and basic features of phpMyAdmin it goes on to show its less well known and generally under-used features and capabilities.

    Who this book is for

    phpMyAdmin is a must-have tool for everyone who needs to manage their MySQL databases and tables in an effective manner. This book is a must-read for every serious phpMyAdmin user who would like to use this outstanding application to its full power.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherPackt Publishing
    Release dateMar 13, 2009
    ISBN9781847197870
    Mastering phpMyAdmin 3.1 for Effective MySQL Management
    Author

    Marc Delisle

    Marc Delisle was awarded "MySQL Community Member of the year 2009" because of his involvement with phpMyAdmin. He started to contribute to the project in December 1998, when he made the multi-language version. He is still involved with phpMyAdmin as a developer and project administrator. Marc is a system administrator at Cegep de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada. He has been teaching networking, security, and web application development. In one of his classes, he was pleased to meet a phpMyAdmin user from Argentina. Marc lives in Sherbrooke with his wife and they enjoy spending time with their four children.

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      Book preview

      Mastering phpMyAdmin 3.1 for Effective MySQL Management - Marc Delisle

      Table of Contents

      Mastering phpMyAdmin 3.1 for Effective MySQL Management

      Credits

      About the author

      About the reviewer

      Preface

      What this book covers

      What you need for this book

      Who is this book for

      Conventions

      Reader feedback

      Customer support

      Errata

      Piracy

      Questions

      1. Introduction and Installation

      Introducing phpMyAdmin

      Web applications

      PHP and MySQL:The leading open source duo

      What is phpMyAdmin?

      phpMyAdmin features

      Installing phpMyAdmin

      Required information

      System requirements

      Downloading the files

      Installation procedure

      Installation on a remote server using a Windows client

      Installation on a local Linux server

      Installation on local Windows servers (Apache, IIS)

      Configuring phpMyAdmin

      The config.inc.php file

      Permissions on config.inc.php

      Configuration principles

      Web-based setup script

      Manual creation of config.inc.php

      Tips for editing config.inc.php on a Windows Client

      Description of some configuration parameters

      PmaAbsoluteUri

      Server-specific sections

      extension

      PersistentConnections

      connect_type, socket and port

      compress configuration

      Upgrading phpMyAdmin

      Summary

      2. Authentication and Security

      MySQL authentication

      Root user without password

      Single-user authentication using config

      Testing the connection

      Multi-user authentication

      Authentication types offered

      The control user

      Logging out

      HTTP authentication

      Cookie authentication

      Signon authentication

      Multi-server configuration

      Servers defined in the configuration file

      Arbitrary server

      Security

      Directory-level protection

      Error handling

      IP-based access control

      Rules

      Order of interpretation for rules

      Simplified rule for root access

      Restricting the list of databases

      Protecting in-transit data

      Swekey hardware authentication

      Configuration

      Usage

      Security note

      Summary

      3. Interface Overview

      Panels and windows

      Login panels

      Left and right panels

      Homepage

      Views

      Query window

      Starting page

      General customization

      Window titles configuration

      Icon configuration

      Natural sort order for database and table names

      Site-specific header and footer

      MySQL documentation links

      Themes

      Theme configuration

      Theme selection

      The color picker

      Sliders

      Character sets, collations and language

      Collations

      Unicode and UTF-8

      Language selection

      Effective character sets and collations

      Left panel (navigation)

      Logo configuration

      Database and table list

      Light mode

      Tree display of database names

      Full mode

      Table short statistics

      Table quick-access icon

      Nested display of tables within a database

      Server-list choice

      Handling many databases or tables

      Limits on the interface

      Improving fetch speed

      Right panel (main)

      Homepage

      Database view

      Table view

      Server view

      Icons for homepage and menu tabs

      Query window

      Summary

      4. First Steps

      Database creation

      No privileges?

      First database creation is authorized

      Creating our first table

      Choosing the fields

      Table creation

      Choosing keys

      Manual data insertion

      Data entry panel tuning for CHAR and VARCHAR

      Browse mode

      SQL query links

      Navigation bar

      Query results operations

      Sorting results

      Headwords

      Color-marking rows

      Limiting the length of each column

      Display options

      Browsing distinct values

      Browse-mode customization

      Creating an additional table

      Summary

      5. Changing Data

      Edit mode

      Moving to next field with the tab key

      Moving with arrows

      Handling NULL values

      Applying a function to a value

      Duplicating rows of data

      Multi-row editing

      Editing the next row

      Deleting data

      Deleting a single row

      Deleting many rows

      Deleting all the rows in a table

      Deleting all rows in many tables

      Deleting tables

      Deleting databases

      Summary

      6. Changing Table Structures

      Adding a field

      Vertical mode

      Horizontal mode

      Editing field attributes

      TEXT

      BLOB (Binary Large Object) fields

      Binary content uploads

      ENUM and SET

      DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP

      Calendar pop up

      TIMESTAMP options

      Bit

      Index management

      Single-field indexes

      Multi-field indexes and index editing

      FULLTEXT Indexes

      Table optimization—explaining a query

      Detection of index problems

      Summary

      7. Exporting Structure and Data (Backup)

      Dumps, backups, and exports

      Scope of the export

      Database exports

      The export subpanel

      SQL

      SQL options

      The Save as file subpanel

      File name template

      Compression

      Choice of character set

      Kanji support

      CSV

      CSV for MS Excel

      PDF

      Microsoft Excel 2000

      Microsoft Word 2000

      LaTeX

      XML

      Native MS Excel (pre-Excel 2000)

      Open document spreadsheet

      Open document text

      YAML

      CodeGen

      Texy! text

      Table exports

      Split-file exports

      Selective exports

      Exporting partial query results

      Exporting and checkboxes

      Multi-database exports

      Saving the export file on the server

      User-specific save directories

      Memory limits

      Summary

      8. Importing Structure and Data

      Limits for the transfer

      Time limits

      Other limits

      Partial imports

      Temporary directory

      Importing SQL files

      Importing CSV files

      Differences between SQL and CSV formats

      Exporting a test file

      CSV

      CSV using LOAD DATA

      Requirements

      Using the LOAD DATA interface

      Web server upload directories

      Summary

      9. Searching Data

      Daily usage of phpMyAdmin

      Single-table searches

      Entering the search subpage

      Search criteria by field—query by example

      Searching for empty / non-empty values

      Print view

      Wildcard search

      Case sensitivity

      Combining criteria

      Search options

      Selecting the fields to be displayed

      Ordering the results

      Applying a WHERE clause

      Obtaining distinct results

      Complete database search

      Restricting search to a column

      Summary

      10. Table and Database Operations

      Table maintenance

      Changing table attributes

      Table storage engine

      Table comments

      Table order

      Table collation

      Impact of switching connection collation

      Table options

      Renaming, moving, and copying tables

      Appending data to a table

      Multi-table operations

      Repairing an in use table

      Database operations

      Renaming a database

      Copying a database

      Summary

      11. The Relational System

      Relational MySQL

      InnoDB and PBXT

      Linked-tables infrastructure

      Goal of the infrastructure

      Location of the infrastructure

      Installing linked-tables infrastructure

      Multi-user installation

      Infrastructure and config.inc.php

      Single-user installation

      Defining relations with the relation view

      Internal relations

      Defining the relation

      Defining the display field

      Foreign key relations

      Foreign keys without linked-tables infrastructure

      Defining relations with the Designer

      Interface overview

      Defining relations

      Foreign key relations

      Defining the display field

      Exporting for PDF schema

      Benefits of the defined relations

      Foreign key information

      The drop-down list of foreign keys

      The browseable foreign-table window

      Referential integrity checks

      Automatic updates of metadata

      Column-commenting

      Automatic migration

      Summary

      12. Entering SQL Commands

      The SQL query box

      The Database view

      The Table view

      The Fields selector

      Clicking into the query box

      The Query window

      Query window options

      Session based SQL history

      Database based SQL history (permanent)

      Editing queries in the query window

      Multi-statement queries

      Pretty printing (syntax-highlighting)

      The SQL Validator

      System requirements

      Making the Validator available

      Validator results

      Standard-conforming queries

      Non-standard-conforming queries

      Summary

      13. The Multi-Table Query Generator

      Choosing tables

      Column criteria

      Field selector: Single-column or all columns

      Sorts

      Showing a column

      Updating the query

      Criteria

      Adjusting the number of criteria rows

      Adjusting the number of criteria columns

      Automatic joins

      Executing the query

      Summary

      14. Bookmarks

      Comparing bookmark and query history features

      Bookmark creation

      Creating a bookmark after a successful query

      Storing a bookmark before sending a query

      Public bookmarks

      The default initial query for a table

      Multi-query bookmarks

      Recalling from the bookmarks list

      Bookmark execution

      Bookmark manipulation

      Bookmark parameters

      Creating a parameterized bookmark

      Passing a parameter value to a bookmark

      Executing bookmarks by browsing the pma_bookmark table

      Summary

      15. System Documentation

      Structure reports

      Using print view

      The database print view

      The selective database print view

      The table print view

      The data dictionary

      Relational schema in PDF

      Adding a third table to our model

      Editing PDF pages

      Page planning

      Creating a new page

      Editing a page

      Displaying a page

      A note about fonts used

      Using the Designer for PDF layout

      Summary

      16. MIME-Based Transformations

      Display behavior in browse mode

      Display options

      Enabling transformations

      The MIME column's settings

      MIME types

      Browser transformations

      Transformation options

      Requirements for image generation

      The GD2 library

      The JPEG and PNG libraries

      Memory limits

      Examples of transformations

      Clickable thumbnail (.jpeg or .png)

      Links to an image

      Date formatting

      Links from text

      text/plain: link

      text/plain: imagelink

      Preserving the original formatting

      Displaying parts of a text

      Download link

      Hexadecimal representation

      SQL pretty printing

      IP address

      External applications

      External application example: In-cell sort

      Summary

      17. MySQL 5.0 and 5.1 Support

      Views

      Manually creating a view

      Right panel and views

      Creating a view from results

      Renaming a view

      Performance hint

      Routines—stored procedures and functions

      Creating a stored procedure

      Changing the delimiter

      Entering the procedure

      Testing the procedure

      Manipulation

      Manually creating a function

      Testing the function

      Exporting stored procedures and functions

      Triggers

      Manually creating a trigger

      Testing the trigger

      Information_schema

      Profiling

      Partitioning

      Table creation

      Operations

      Exporting

      Event scheduler

      Activating the scheduler

      Granting EVENT permission

      Creating an event

      Event manipulation

      Exporting

      BLOB streaming

      System requirements

      Configuration

      Implementation limitations in phpMyAdmin

      Creating the PBMS system tables

      Table preparation

      Uploading to BLOB repository

      Streaming the data from repository

      Changing repository data

      Summary

      18. MySQL Server Administration

      User and privileges management

      The user overview

      Privileges reload

      Adding a user

      User name

      Host

      Password

      Database creation and rights

      Global privileges

      Resource limits

      Editing a user

      Edit privileges

      Database-specific privileges

      Changing the password

      Changing login information or copying a user

      Removing a user

      Database information

      Enabling statistics

      Sorting statistics

      Checking the database privileges

      Dropping selected databases

      Server information

      Server status verification

      The general status page

      InnoDB status

      Server variables

      Server processes

      Storage engines

      Available character sets and collations

      The binary log

      Summary

      A. History of phpMyAdmin

      Early events

      Project re-launch

      Distributors

      Evolution

      GoPHP5 and the 3.x branch

      Awards

      Summary

      B. Troubleshooting and Support

      System requirements

      Base configuration

      Solving common errors

      Error messages

      Cannot load MySQL extension

      #2003 - Can't connect to MySQL server

      Socket problem (Linux/UNIX)

      Named pipe problem (Windows)

      MySQL said: Access denied

      When using http authentication

      When using http, cookie, or config authentication

      Access denied ... using password: NO

      Access denied ... using password: YES

      Warning: cannot add header information

      MySQL said: Error 127, Table Must Be Repaired

      BLOB column used in key specification without a key length

      IIS: No Input File Specified

      A 404: page not found error when modifying a row

      Other problems

      Blank page or weird characters

      Not being able to create a database

      Problems importing large files or uploading large BLOB files

      MySQL root password lost

      Duplicate field names when creating a table

      Authentication window displayed more than once

      Column size changed by phpMyAdmin

      Seeing many databases that are not ours

      Not being able to store a value greater than 127

      Seeking support

      FAQs

      Help forums

      Creating a SourceForge account

      Choosing the thread title

      Reading the answers

      Support tracker

      Bug tracker

      Environment description

      Bug description

      Contributing to the project

      The code base

      Translation updates

      Patches

      Future phpMyAdmin versio]ns

      Summary

      Index

      Mastering phpMyAdmin 3.1 for Effective MySQL Management

      Marc Delisle

      Mastering phpMyAdmin 3.1 for Effective MySQL Management

      Copyright © 2009 Packt Publishing

      All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

      Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, Packt Publishing, nor its dealers or distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

      Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

      First published: March 2009

      Production Reference: 1050309

      Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. 32 Lincoln Road Olton Birmingham, B27 6PA, UK.

      ISBN 978-1-847197-86-3

      www.packtpub.com

      Cover Image by Marc Delisle (< Marc.Delisle@cegepsherbrooke.qc.ca>)

      Credits

      Author

      Marc Delisle

      Reviewer

      Kai Oswald Seidler

      Acquisition Editor

      Shilpa Dube

      Development Editor

      Shilpa Dube

      Technical Editor

      Gaurav Datar

      Copy Editor

      Sumathi Sridhar

      Indexer

      Rekha Nair

      Production Editorial Manager

      Abhijeet Deobhakta

      Editorial Team Leader

      Akshara Aware

      Project Team Leader

      Lata Basantani

      Project Coordinator

      Rajashree Hamine

      Proofreaders

      Mark Reardon

      Joel T. Johnson

      Production Coordinator

      Rajni R. Thorat

      Cover Work

      Rajni R. Thorat

      About the author

      Marc Delisle, owing to his involvement with phpMyAdmin, is a member of the MySQL Developers Guild that regroups community developers. He began contributing to this popular MySQL web interface in December 1998, when he made its first multi-language version. As a developer and project administrator, he has been actively involved with this software project since 2001.

      Since 1980 Marc has worked at Cegep de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, as an application programmer and network manager. He has also been teaching networking, security, and PHP/MySQL application development. In one of his classes, he was pleased to meet a phpMyAdmin user from Argentina. Marc lives in Sherbrooke with his wife, and they enjoy spending time with their four children.

      This book is an update to Marc's first book on phpMyAdmin, published by Packt Publishing in 2004, followed by Creating your MySQL Database: Practical Design Tips and Techniques, also by Packt Publishing.

      I am truly grateful to Louay Fatoohi, who approached me for this book project, and to the Packt team whose sound comments were greatly appreciated during production. My thanks also go to Garvin Hicking, Alexander Marcus Turek, and Kai 'Oswald' Seidler—the reviewers for the successive editions of this book. Their sharp eyes helped in making this book clearer and more complete.

      Finally, I wish to thank all contributors to phpMyAdmin's source code, translations, and documentation. The time they gave to this project still inspires me and continues to push me forward.

      About the reviewer

      Kai Oswald Seidler was born in Hamburg in 1970. He graduated from the Technical University of Berlin with a Diplom-Informatiker degree (the equivalent of a Master of Science degree) in Computer Science. In the '90s, he created and managed Germany's biggest IRCnet server—irc.fu-berlin.de, and co-managed one of the world's largest anonymous FTP servers—ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de.

      He set up his first professional public web server in 1993. From 1993 to 1998, he was a member of Projektgruppe Kulturraum Internet—a research project on net culture and network organization. In 2002, he co-founded Apache Friends and created the multi-platform Apache web server bundle XAMPP. Around 2005, XAMPP became the most popular Apache stack worldwide.

      In 2006, his third book, Das XAMPP-Handbuch, was published by Addison Wesley.

      To Carole, André, Corinne, Annie, and Guillaume, with all my love.

      Preface

      Providing a powerful graphical interface for managing MySQL, phpMyAdmin is one of the most popular open source applications. While most developers use routine features of phpMyAdmin every day, few are aware of the power and potential its advanced features have. This book builds a solid understanding of the core capabilities of phpMyAdmin, and then walks you through every facet of this legendary tool.

      Used by millions of developers, MySQL is the most popular open source database. It supports numerous large, dynamic websites and applications. MySQL has acquired this wide popularity by virtue of its open source nature, performance, reliability, robustness, and support for multiple platforms. However, this popularity has also been helped by the existence of phpMyAdmin—the industry standard administration tool that makes database management easy for both, the experienced developer and the novice one.

      Bringing a web interface to MySQL has made phpMyAdmin an indispensable tool for MySQL and web developers, be they professionals or in the classroom. Every user can benefit from phpMyAdmin, by unlocking the full potential of this powerful application.

      What this book covers

      Chapter 1 gives us the reasons why we should use phpMyAdmin as a means of developing web applications. It then covers the downloading and installation procedures for phpMyAdmin.

      Chapter 2 provides an overview of various authentication types used in MySQL. It then covers the security issues related to phpMyAdmin installation.

      Chapter 3 gives us an overview of the phpMyAdmin interface. It includes the login panel, the left and the right panel including the Light and the Full mode, and the Query window.

      Chapter 4 is all about database creation. It teaches us how to create a table, how to insert data manually, and how to sort the data.

      Chapter 5 covers the aspects of data editing in phpMyAdmin. It teaches us handling NULL values, multi-row editing. Finally, it covers an important aspect of any database tool—data deletion.

      Chapter 6 explores the subject of changing the structure of tables. Its primary focus is on editing field attributes and index management.

      Chapter 7 deals with backups and exports. It lists various ways to trigger an export, available export formats, the options associated with export formats, and the various places where the export files may be sent.

      Chapter 8 tells us how to bring back exported data created for backup and transfer purposes. It provides an overview of the various options available in phpMyAdmin to import data, and different mechanisms involved in importing SQL and CSV files. Finally, it covers the limitations that may be faced while importing files, and the ways to overcome them.

      Chapter 9 presents the mechanisms that are useful for searching data effectively.

      Chapter 10 covers ways to perform some operations that influence and can be performed on entire tables or databases as a whole. Finally, it deals with table maintenance operations for table repair and optimization.

      Chapter 11 is where we start covering advanced features of phpMyAdmin. The chapter explains how to define inter-table relations. It also explains how to install the linked-tables infrastructure—a prerequisite for the advanced features.

      Chapter 12 helps us enter our own SQL commands. The chapter also gives us an overview of Query window—the window used to edit an SQL query. Finally, it also helps us to obtain the history of typed commands.

      Chapter 13 covers the multi-table query generator, which allows us to produce multi-table queries without actually typing them.

      Chapter 14 covers Bookmarks—one of the features of the linked-tables infrastructure. It covers how to record bookmarks and how to manipulate them. Finally, it covers passing parameters to bookmarks, and executing bookmarks directly from the pma_bookmark table.

      Chapter 15 gives an overview of how to produce documentation, which explains the structure of the databases, using the tools offered by phpMyAdmin.

      Chapter 16 explains how to apply transformations to the data in order to customize its format at view time.

      Chapter 17 covers phpMyAdmin's support for the MySQL features that are new in versions 5.0 and 5.1.

      Chapter 18 is about the administration of a MySQL server, focusing on the management of user accounts and privileges. The chapter discusses how a system administrator can use phpMyAdmin's server management features for day-to-day user account maintenance, server verification, and server protection.

      Appendix A provides a history of the phpMyAdmin project, from its roots back in 1998 through the project re-launch in 2001, and its subsequent evolution.

      Appendix B explains how to troubleshoot phpMyAdmin by examining some of its error messages, and proposing appropriate solutions. It also explains how to interact with the development team for support, bug reports, and contributions.

      What you need for this book

      You need to have access to a server or workstation that has the following installed:

      MySQL version 5.0 or newer

      PHP version 5.0 or newer

      Web server software with PHP support (this book explains phpMyAdmin's installation on Apache and IIS)

      Who is this book for

      phpMyAdmin is a must have tool for everyone who needs to manage their MySQL databases and tables in an effective manner. This book is a must read for every serious phpMyAdmin user who would like to use this outstanding application to its fullest potential.

      Conventions

      In this book, you will find a number of styles of text that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an explanation of their meaning.

      Code words in text are shown as follows: If we are using the config authentication type, no login panel is displayed.

      A block of code will be set as follows:

      $cfg['MySQLManualBase'] = 'http://www.mysql.com/doc/en';

      $cfg['MySQLManualType'] = 'searchable';

      When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items will be shown in bold:

      $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order'] = 'allow,deny';

      Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

      tar -xzvf phpMyAdmin-3.1.1-all-languages.tar.gz

      New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, in menus or dialog boxes for example, appear in our text like this: The Home link from the left panel is used to display this page.

      Note

      Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

      Tip

      Tips and tricks appear like this.

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