Baseball in Washington, D.C.
By Frank Ceresi, Mark Rucker and Carol McMaines
()
About this ebook
Later, the Homestead Grays played at Griffith Stadium and fielded a team featuring legendary Negro League greats such as Josh Gibson and Buck Leonard. The powerhouse Grays, during a ten-year span, won nine Negro League World Championships, a record that may never be equaled in any team sport again.
When the Grays disbanded, the original Senators left for Minnesota in 1960, and the expansion Senators of the 1960s relocated, the city was left without a professional baseball team. While many feared that baseball in D.C. was over, a spirit remained on the diamond and is still felt today as children and adults team up in one way or another to play the national pastime in the nation's capital. Hopes for a new professional team linger, and those remembering baseball's heyday will enjoy this extensive and unusual collection ofhistoric photos that celebrate a time when the crowds roared and Washingtonians believed that the summer game would never end.
Frank Ceresi
Frank Ceresi is a well-known baseball historian and writer living in the D.C. area.
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Baseball in Washington, D.C. - Frank Ceresi
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INTRODUCTION
When a group of government clerks organized the Washington Nationals in the late 1850s just prior to the Civil War, little did they know that they would start a tradition in the capital city that can still be felt today. Baseball, called the summer game, or as American poet Walt Whitman aptly stated, America’s Game,
reflects man’s desire to play a simple yet complex contest requiring skill, strategy, and basic talent. Two teams would be organized in groups of nine and they would play one another in the great outdoors with only a bat, ball, and some scruffy clothing. If the players were lucky, each might even have a leather glove.
Washington, D.C. would see the game played professionally for well over a century. The city’s fans, from everyday men and women to presidents and congressmen, would enjoy witnessing all of the greats of the game, from Babe Ruth and Shoeless Joe Jackson, who visited the city with their American League teams, to hometown heroes like the Senators’ own Walter Johnson, arguably the greatest pitcher the game has ever seen.
Sadly and with little warning, D.C.’s professional baseball roots were ripped from the city some 30 years ago. Many of us are still waiting to enjoy the crack of a bat, to smell the popcorn, and to once again cheer on a major league hometown team. Others continue to play the game as it was intended . . . in a park, at a picnic, or even in the streets of the city. Once again, rumors persist that D.C. may, at long last, host a new team soon. We’ll see! In the meantime, we hope that you enjoy the great memories that these images evoke and re-live, at least for a while, the glory of the past.
WASHINGTON FANS PRESENT MONEY CUP TO WALTER JOHNSON, 1913. Walter Johnson, after winning 36 games for the Washington Senators in 1913, is presented with a silver loving cup filled with money by the appreciative fans of the capital city. Presenting the cup to Johnson is D.C. Commissioner Oliver P. Newman. (B. Loughman.)
One
THE NATIONAL PASTIME IN THE NATION’S CAPITAL 1850S–1899
Baseball, dubbed America’s Game
by Walt Whitman over 150 years ago, has deep roots in Washington, D.C. In fact, the Washington Nationals, a team organized by a group of city government clerks looking to enjoy the outdoors, was founded in 1859, a scant 13 years after Alexander Cartwright codified the first rules of the game. By the end of the Civil War, ballplayers were so skilled at the sport that by 1866 they not only played just off the White House grounds with President Andrew Johnson rooting them on, but they also traveled south to the capital of the Confederacy itself, Richmond, Virginia, and north to Albany, New York, where they beat some of the top ballplayers in the country.
A year later, in 1867, the Washington Nationals spread the baseball gospel by traveling westward as far as Missouri. Spalding’s Baseball Guide rightly called the tour significant
for not only were the Nationals our nation’s first touring professional baseball team, but the team was joined by a traveling sports journalist—the granddaddy of baseball writers and the inventor of the baseball box score, the famed Henry Chadwick. The team’s exploits as reported by Chadwick (they only lost one game during the entire tour) were duly noted in the Washington Star and carried by other city newspapers throughout the east and midwest.
Within three short years, Washington resident and another recognized giant of the game, Nicholas H. Young, formed a rival team of ballplayers within the city limits. That team was called the Washington Olympics. Nick Young was later credited with organizing the National League of Professional Ballplayers, the very same major league that exists to this day! Within short order, D.C. baseball teams like the Capitals, Empires, Interiors, Unions, and Jeffersons sprung up throughout the city and its suburbs.
By the end of the 1870s and into the 1880s, inter-city rivalries flourished while the Nationals and Olympics played teams from all over the northeast, consistently drawing kranks
—fanatics, or, as they became popularly known, fans. By the end of the century, Washington, D.C.-based teams were part of the short-lived Union and American Association Leagues and, for a brief period of time, the Nationals even joined Nick Young’s own National League.
NATIONAL BASE-BALL CLUB CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS, 1859. Edmund F. French, a clerk in the Treasury Department, compiled the organizational charter of the Washington National Base-Ball Club. That team of government clerks was amongst the earliest organized ball clubs in the United States. The Nationals played in a field on Capitol Hill located about a mile from the United States Capitol. (Historical Society of Washington, D.C.)
EARLY BASEBALL TICKET STUBS AND INVITATIONS. The ticket stubs and invitations shown here are from the Washington Nationals and other baseball teams who played in the city in the mid-19th century. (Historical Society of Washington, D.C.)
GEORGE WRIGHT, C. 1867. George Wright, a giant of 19th-century baseball, along with his brother Harry, was a member of the touring 1867 Washington Nationals. He is said to have hit six home runs for Washington in a game against the Indianapolis Westerns in Indiana during the tour. George was a member of the Cincinnati Red Stockings, the first professional salaried team in 1869, and was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1937. He is also known for starting Wright & Ditson, a very early sporting goods company. (T.G.)
BASEBALL PIONEER NICHOLAS H. YOUNG. Nick Young learned the game of baseball as a soldier during the Civil War.