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Intellectual Property: A Guide for Engineers
Intellectual Property: A Guide for Engineers
Intellectual Property: A Guide for Engineers
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Intellectual Property: A Guide for Engineers

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Because of their inherent role as creators and managers of new technology, engineers need a basic understanding of the various forms of intellectual property and their underlying laws and governing principles. Topics include: patents, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade secrets, intellectual property and the Internet, and international protection of intellectual property.
LanguageEnglish
Release dateJan 10, 2017
ISBN9780791861547
Intellectual Property: A Guide for Engineers

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    Intellectual Property - American Bar Association

    Statement from By-Laws: The Society shall not be responsible for statements or opinions advanced in papers. . .or printed in its publications (7.1.3)

    INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS WORK HAS BEEN OBTAINED BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS FROM SOURCES BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE. HOWEVER, NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS OR EDITORS GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY INFORMATION PUBLISHED IN THIS WORK. NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. THE WORK IS PUBLISHED WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT ASME AND ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS ARE SUPPLYING INFORMATION BUT ARE NOT ATTEMPTING TO RENDER ENGINEERING OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF SUCH ENGINEERING OJ* PROFESSIONAL SERVICES ARE REQUIRED, THE ASSISTANCE OF AN APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL SHOULD BE SOUGHT.

    For authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use under circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act, contact the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: 978-750-8400, www.copyright.com.

    Requests for special permission or bulk reproduction should be addressed to the ASME Technical Publishing Department.

    Copyright © 2001 by

    THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

    All Rights Reserved

    Printed in U.S.A.

    FOREWORD

    Intellectual property, the product of creative and hard working people, needs to be protected in ways that allow creative people to benefit from their efforts. Engineers create and use intellectual property and manage knowledge to their own benefit, as well as to the benefit of their company and society at large. To help engineers understand intellectual property issues, the Committee on Issues Identification of the Council on Public Affairs of ASME International collaborated with the Committee on Public Information of the Section of Intellectual Property Law of the American Bar Association (ABA) to create an intellectual property guide for engineers.

    The guide is designed to provide a basic understanding of intellectual property issues, specifically those related to patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets. The guide is not meant to be a comprehensive statement of the law, and legal advice is always recommended when making a business decision.

    As Chair of the Committee on Issues Identification, I would most like to thank the Honorable Gerald J. Mossinghoff, Senior Counsel, Oblon, Spivak, McClelland, Maier & Neustadt, P.C., and Chair of the ABA Committee, for his outstanding contribution to this guide and for his interest, inspiration, generosity, and patience throughout the project. He is the primary author and an expert in intellectual property issues.

    I would also like to thank fellow members of the Committee on Issues Identification for their thoughtful contributions, particularly in reviewing and commenting on the drafts of the guide: Guy Arlotto, retired; George Flowers, Auburn University; William Hutzel, Purdue University; Dena Sue Potestio, National Conference of State Legislatures; Arnold Rothstein, Facilities Services Company; William Weiblen, retired; and Dave Wieland, John Deere Waterloo Works.

    The contributions of the following people are also greatly appreciated: Sonya Engle, ASME Public Affairs Program Manager, for her efforts in coordinating the overall project; John Paul, Chair, ASME Technology & Society Division; Gloria C. Phares, Patterson, Belknap, Webb & Tyler; Phil Hamilton, Managing Director, Public Affairs; Chor Tan, Managing Director, Education; Harry Armen, immediate past Senior Vice President, Public Affairs; Yogi Goswami, Senior Vice President, Public Affairs; and Steven Lustig, past Leadership Development Initiative intern, Public Affairs.

    Marc Goldsmith

    Chair, Committee on Issues Identification

    CONTENTS

    FOREWORD

    INTRODUCTION

    Part I PATENTS

    History

    What Is a Patent?

    What Conditions Must Be Met?

    Why Obtain a Patent

    The Nature of Patent Rights

    How to Obtain a Patent

    The Employed Engineer as Inventor

    Enforcement of a Patent

    Trends in Patents

    Patent Issues

    PART II COPYRIGHTS

    History

    What Does a Copyright Protect?

    How Is Copyright Acquired?

    Who Owns the Copyright in a Work and How Is It Transferred?

    How Long Does a Copyright Last?

    What Copyright Can Do for You

    Registration and Copyright Notice

    PART III TRADEMARKS AND SERVICE MARKS

    What Is a Trademark?

    The Importance of Registering a Mark

    Obtaining a Federal Registration

    The Examination Process — Searching for Conflicts

    Types of Registrable and Non-Registrable Marks

    The Supplemental Register

    Term of Federal Registrations

    Protecting Trademarks

    PART IV TRADE SECRETS

    State Trade Secret Law

    Economic Espionage Act

    PART V INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND THE INTERNET

    Patents

    Copyrights

    Trademarks and Internet Domain Names

    Electronic Databases

    PART VI INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

    Patents

    Copyrights

    Trademarks

    Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)

    CONCLUSION

    REFERENCE

    MAJOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTERNET SITES

    INTRODUCTION

    In 1776, the philosopher/economist Adam Smith taught us that the wealth of any nation rested on three pillars: Labor, Capital and Natural Resources.¹ Our generation has added a fourth pillar — Intellectual Property in all of its forms. Patents protect new technology. Copyrights protect literary and artistic works, as well as computer software. Trademarks assure orderly commercial development and consumer protection. Trade Secrets provide competitive advantage to creative companies. Intellectual property provides important incentives in the burgeoning use of the Internet for e-commerce.² It is also an indispensable part of effective knowledge management — so critical in today’s business and educational environment.

    Because of their inherent role as creators and managers of new technology, engineers should have a basic understanding of the various forms of intellectual property and their underlying laws and governing principles. The purpose of this guide is to provide a summary of these forms of intellectual property and to

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