Gurkha Guns

Preface - by the author

I was born in Nepal, on November 18 1961.

One September evening in 1978, when I was sixteen years old, and having passed my high school exams and eagerly waiting to enrol for pursuing higher education in college level, an Area Recruiting Officer (ARO) came to my remote home.The ARO was accompanied by my father, who was an Area Welfare Officer (AWO): that is a retired British Gurkha army officer who works for the support and welfare of all Gurkha soldiers.

They were heading to Chisapani, a small village where potential recruits were to assemble for Hill Selection the next day.

The ARO, Honorary Captain (Queen’s Gurkha Officer) Man bahadur Limbu had been known to me ever since I was a student at Gurkha Army Children School at British Ghopa Camp Dharan where my father was also an ARO. ARO Man bahadur Limbu asked me about my studies and future plans then advised and encouraged me to follow in my father’s footstep. I wasn’t very keen at first, however, I made up my mind overnight. As a Gurkha, I was of course very conscious of the illustrious military tradition of my people. For Gurkhas, the alternative to being a soldier would typically be becoming a farmer, earning a steady but frankly probably meagre living from the land.

So that was how I joined the British Army at British Gurkhas Depot Dharan, Eastern Nepal, the following year. After successfully completing rigorous Recruit training at Training Depot at Sek kong Hong Kong, I joined my regiment at Gallipoli Lines Hong Kong.

Becoming a Gurkha soldier, I found life totally different from what I had been through as a simple village boy. I trained hard, and travelled to many parts of the globe. In the spring of 1981, my regiment came to UK for a two years tour when, my company was assigned to the duty of protecting Belize against Guatemala’s aggression. A war broke out in the Falklands (Malvinas) when we were defending Belize and my regiment the First Battalion, 7th DEO Gurkha Rifles got involved in the Falklands War. A young and immature soldier of twenty years of age, I fought in the war and gained lot of experience.

Having served the British Crown for sixteen years and worked at different levels, I volunteered for early retirement, holding the rank of Warrant Officer Class II. With loads of fond memories and some bitter experiences of my military career, in 1995, I returned to Nepal, where I stayed for next three years. During this stay, I opened and ran a guest house in the capital, Kathmandu.

After retirement, I was looking for a second career abroad and there came an opportunity so, in 1998, I returned to Hong Kong to work in a security sector. After working in Hong Kong for eight years, I moved to the UK with my family. Since then, I have been in employment again in the security field with various security companies.

Currently I am employed as a customer service officer in a prestigious global company, Deloitte, where I meet and greet their clients with, I hope, a true Gurkha courtesy.

The term ‘Gurkhas’ applies to soldiers who are of Nepalese nationality and ethnic Nepalis of Indian nationality recruited for military forces such as the British Army, Nepalese Army, Indian Army, United Nations peacekeeping forces and in other war zones around the world.

The word Gurkha derives from that of a medieval Hindu warrior-saint Guru Gorakhnath, who has a historic shrine in the Gorkha district in Nepal. The word itself most likely stems from the Nepali word go-raksh, which is connected etymologically with rakhawala, meaning ‘protector.’

Today, there are Gurkha military units in the Nepalese, British and Indian armies enlisted in Nepal, UK and India, and also in Singapore Police and in the French Foreign Legion.

Gurkhas are closely associated with the kukri, a forward-curving Nepali knife, and have a reputation for fearless military prowess. Former Indian Army Chief of Staff Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw once remarked:

If a man says he is not afraid of dying,he is either lying or he is a Gurkha.

During the Anglo-Nepalese War - which lasted from 1814 to 1816 - between the Gorkha Kingdom (the present-day Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal) and the East India company - the courage and ferocity of the Gorkhali soldiers made a powerful impression on the British, who called them Gurkhas.

The Anglo-Nepalese war was fought between the Gurkha Kingdom of Nepal and the British East India Company. A British political agent named William Fraser was among the first to recognise the potential of Gurkha soldiers in British service and to suggest that the adversaries could be formidable and valuable allies. Subsequently the British proposed forming them into a battalion. This regiment, which later became the 1st King George’s Own Gurkha Rifles.

Ever since then, Gurkha forces have been a vital part of the British Army. It is arguable that the role of Gurkha soldiers was no less important than that of British soldiers to establish the British Empire and protect Britain. Gurkhas and their bravery are well renowned in the world.

Sir Ralph Turner, who served with the 2nd Battalion, 3rd Queen Alexandra’s Own Gurkha Rifles in the British Indian Army during World War I, wrote the following:

Bravest of the brave, most generous of the generous, never had a country more faithful friends than you [Gurkhas].

Sir Ralph appreciated the Gurkhas because he found them utterly reliable, completely honest and unflaggingly loyal.

Gurkha soldiers fought many wars for the British Empire throughout the world. Many Gurkhas suffered and sacrificed their lives during the war. Gurkha courage, bravery and loyalty towards duty always remained outstandingly high. They always fulfilled their duty with unique courage and bravery both in war and peace.

When Argentina invaded the Falklands, which the Argentines called the Malvinas, on Friday April 2 1982, its government hoped to bolster its support at a time of economic crisis by reclaiming sovereignty of the Islands. In course of fighting many wars for the British, we Gurkha soldiers were deployed to the Falklands to fight the war against the Argentines.

During the war to recapture the Falklands, I fought for the British in the 1st Battalion Seventh Duke of Edinburgh’s own Gurkha Rifles. While the Falklands conflict was not officially a war, as Britain never declared war on Argentina nor vice versa, in practice it was one of the most ferocious wars ever fought. In freezing weather and the bleakest and harshest of environments, we fought like tigers.

Gurkhas are great fighters, but like all true warriors they ideally prefer peace. They are sensitive, thoughtful, easily hurt and the image that is sometimes and perniciously perpetrated about them: that they are merely deadly single-minded fighters only obsessed with victory and killing the enemy is totally unreasonable and absolutely unfair.

True, their allies have sometimes found promoting this idea to be a useful propaganda devices and it was applied in the Falklands conflict with the intention of helping to win the war by frightening the Argentinians. Certainly, this strategy was effective: there was a rumour that the Argentine Head of the Government wrote to Nepal government pleading not to send Gurkha soldiers to combat against them since they harboured no hostility with Nepal. Admittedly there is no authentic proof whether the letters of such nature were written but such rumours were heard at that time both in Nepal and Britain.

Whenever war would break out, the British Foreign Office habitually wrote an application to the monarch of Nepal for requesting to grant permission to involve Gurkhas in the battle. The same process was followed in the case of the Falklands war. When the British Ministry of Defence (MOD) issued a notice that a Gurkha battalion was being dispatched to the Falklands as part of the British Task Force, the then British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher inquired why only one being dispatched. Her question is quite enough to clarify the significance and bravery of the Gurkhas.

At the start of the Second World War, the British Foreign Office wrote an application to Rana of Nepal seeking permission to involve Gurkhas in the war. In response, Rana replied, ‘Yes of course you may involve Gurkha soldiers. We are your friends. If you win that will be our victory and if you get defeated that will be our defeat as well.’

Throughout the Falklands war, we Gurkhas fought with the utmost bravery and loyalty following the international rules of war.

Unfortunately, soon after the war, false news started to be spread. Articles were written and published blaming Gurkha soldiers of committing war crimes in the Falklands. They accused the honest Gurkhas of violating the basic norms of human rights. Such mercenary intellectuals through their writing cultivated accusations of the most serious nature such as that the Gurkhas under the influence of intoxicating drugs killed each other, slaughtered their own co-warriors and after the war was over they even beheaded their enemies.

In terms of humanity, nobody has to teach the Gurkhas how to treat Prisoners of Wars (POW) humanely and how to obey international humanitarian law. We know what and how rules are to be followed in the war and how to treat war prisoners humanly and lawfully. We acquired sufficient knowledge and experiences that was needed during and after the wars. We always followed the laws of war and human rights laws in the war. History has shown the truth about Gurkhas. We don’t want to have the need of false writers speak for us rather we are capable enough to write our own true history.

This book, Gurkha Guns, is one of those histories, and it relates what happened to me, privately, during and in the aftermath, of a huge and momentous international military event, which cost the lives of 255 British soldiers and 649 Argentinian soldiers, and led to 775 British soldiers and 1,657 Argentinian soldiers being wounded. Everyone who fought was extremely brave and willing, whatever their scruples, to lay down their life for their cause. I hope the issue of British sovereignty over the Falklands Islands has now been resolved, and that blood will never more be shed on those islands.

Ganesh Rai, London, November 2019

Chapter 1: Patrolling the Belize-Guatemala Border

Friday April 2 1982

While observing the border between Belize and Guatemala, throughout the day, I was busy with the fighting patrol along with the section commander and other co-warriors. After returning to the camp I was taking a rest in Tree Top Defensive Position, where shelters and trenches were dug.

Suddenly I heard the BBC news broadcast from the VHF 320 radio set, that was a little further in the platoon Headquarters trench (a pit equal to a person’s height made for protection from the enemy). I listened very carefully. My attention was drawn towards the news just like the way a butterfly gathers towards the burning lamp. The news said: ‘Argentine troops have attacked and invaded the Falklands which was under British rule. Moreover, Argentine troops have captured the Falklands.’

I was shocked to hear this breaking news. Additionally, my surprise was intensified by the news that the British troops were defeated. It was, in fact, the first time in my life I had heard that a country named the Falkland Islands even existed.

After a while, I listened to more of the news of an A351 radio set. The radio operator hurriedly called the platoon commander as though something serious had happened. The platoon commander was WO2 (Warrant Officer) Mani Prasad Rai who communicated the message received from Headquarters to the platoon. As he explained: ‘We have received a message that Argentina attacked the Falklands and British marine has been captured. A preparation for war is going on in order to recapture the Falklands. After initial preparations are complete, a British Task Force will make its way to the Falklands with the aim to recapture the islands.’

It had just been two and half years that I was recruited in the British Army. Though I had learnt war skills, I didn’t have enough knowledge and experience about war. So, the possible effects of war didn’t affect me as much as it was anticipated. Perhaps I was not much worried about the prospects of a Falklands war and its intensity because I didn’t get any information of our immediate involvement to join the war. Possibly, I didn’t feel anything extraordinary as I was being already involved in an undeclared war against Guatemala. Therefore, I took the news of the Falklands war in a normal and pretty calm way.

The BBC repeatedly broadcast the news of the Argentine attack on two dozen of British Marine Corps and how the Falklands had been captured. The Argentine had been taken