Dinosaurs And Their World
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About this ebook
Paul Harrison
Paul Harrison is a UK-based writer and editor of fiction and nonfiction books for children.
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Dinosaurs And Their World - Paul Harrison
THE BEGINNING
If you could see the earth when it first came into being, about 4.5 billion years ago, you would see little more than a ball of molten rock. It gradually cooled, rains fell and seas formed. It was in the seas that life began.
FIRST LIFE
The first living things were bacteria so small they were invisible to the naked eye. They produced oxygen and, over time, created an atmosphere in which other life forms could grow.
WATERY WONDERS
After bacteria came simple animals such as sponges, jellyfish and trilobites. Trilobites were like underwater woodlice. They flourished for nearly 300 million years despite never growing bigger than 70 cm (2 ft). They vanished from the seas about 250 million years ago.
At Hamelin Pool in Australia there are living fossils called stromatolites. They began to form over 3 billion years ago and are still growing.
LATE DEVELOPER
The first fish appeared over 500 million years ago. Within 100 million years, bigger creatures were terrorizing the seas. Dunkleosteus (dunk-lee-OWE-stee-us) was a super-predator at over 10 m (33 ft) long. The first sharks appeared then, too.
NOT SO FUNNY
One of the earliest predators was a strange creature called Anomalocaris (a-nom-uh-lo-CARE-is). It was the scourge of the seas over 500 million years ago. It looked like a large shrimp but with a trunklike arm next to its mouth for catching prey.
ON LAND
One of the reasons animals evolve is to adapt to new places. Some creatures left the crowded seas to escape predators. They adapted to life on land.
IT’S A MYSTERY
The first animal to venture onto land remains a mystery. Scientists believe it must have been able to breathe air as well as live under water. Some people think a creature called Pederpes (peh-DER-pees) was the first to walk on the land. It lived around 350 million years ago.
PLANTS POP UP
Plants appeared on earth over 400 million years ago, changing earth’s atmosphere. Over the next few million years, plant life evolved from leafless shoots to huge forests.
BIG INSECTS
Once the land had been conquered, creatures took to the air. Insects were the first to fly. Some species developed wings and evolved into the most impressive insects ever seen, such as dragonflies with wingspans of 70 cm (2 ft)!
An animal that can live on land and in water is called an amphibian.
FINTASTIC
Reptiles evolved around 70 million years after the first land animals. Initially, they were quite small. One of the most ferocious was Dimetrodon (di-MET-ro-don). Like