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    Fluids and Electrolytes: An Easy and Intuitive Way to Understand and Memorize Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acidic-Base Balance
    Fluids and Electrolytes: An Easy and Intuitive Way to Understand and Memorize Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acidic-Base Balance
    Fluids and Electrolytes: An Easy and Intuitive Way to Understand and Memorize Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acidic-Base Balance
    Ebook149 pages1 hour

    Fluids and Electrolytes: An Easy and Intuitive Way to Understand and Memorize Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acidic-Base Balance

    By Nathan Orwell

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    About this ebook

    Are you curious about Fluids and Electrolytes?
    Would you like to be able to understand them once and for all?
    If so, then keep reading!

     

    Biofluids are one of the main components of the body's metabolical and regulatory mechanisms that regulate homeostasis.
    Their circulation, composition, and style of activities vary, so it is necessary to study the mode of circulation and what these changes in body fluids imply in reality.

    Even the slightest imbalances in body fluid composition can reveal hidden and underlying conditions that can't be discovered otherwise.

     

    That is why it's important to know at all times what every deviation means. Since it is impossible to store every bit of information in your brain, you might need quick access to such information – that's what this practical guide offers.This guide is written from a skilled nurse's personal experience so that you can have easy access to all essential information at all times.

     

    Organized the way a nurse thinks, up-to-date, and easy to navigate. Perfect when you are in a rush and have no time to search for the information you need—an excellent choice for medical students and doctors, not just nurses.

     

    Here is what this practical medical handbook to body fluids can offer you:

    ✅ Way to refresh your knowledge on basic medical concepts regarding bodily
    fluids
    ✅ Quick access to relevant information (abbreviations, measurements, etc.)
    ✅ Complete information on the diagnostically significant biofluids
    ✅ Easy access to referent values of their composition – serum sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, etc.
    ✅ Easy way to reference increased and decreased values with clinical implications and factors that can
    affect results
    ✅ Quick way to review or update yourself on some concepts and procedures
    ✅ And much more!

     

    If you want to stay on the top of your game and be the expert that you and your patient deserve to be, then this practical guide is a Must-Have in your collection.

     

    What are you waiting for? Scroll up, and Get Your Copy Now!

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherNathan Orwell
    Release dateApr 21, 2021
    ISBN9798201245641

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    • 5/5
      The best way to start studying a new subject is to learn the basic fundamentals before diving into the details, and this book succeeds very well in accomplishing that goal. Great source of study for even beginning students. Usefull also for a quick review.

      1 person found this helpful

    • 5/5
      I am really satisfied with this purchase! This book is a must-have for all nursing and medical students looking to broaden or refreshen their skills of understanding human pathophysiology. It is perfect for anyone that wishes to work in the medical field.

      1 person found this helpful

    Book preview

    Fluids and Electrolytes - Nathan Orwell

    Fluids and Electrolytes

    An Easy and Intuitive Way to Understand and Memorize Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acidic-Base Balance.

    By
    Nathan Orwell
    © Copyright 2021 – by Nathan Orwell
    All rights reserved

    The content contained within this book may not be reproduced, duplicated, or transmitted without direct written permission from the author or the publisher.

    Under no circumstances will any blame or legal responsibility be held against the publisher, or author, for any damages, reparation, or monetary loss due to the information contained within this book, either directly or indirectly.

    Legal Notice:

    Note that this book is copyright protected. It is only for personal use. You cannot amend, distribute, sell, use, quote, or paraphrase any part, or the content within this book, without the consent of the author or publisher.

    Also, note the information contained within this document is for educational and entertainment purposes only. All effort has been executed to present accurate, up-to-date, reliable, complete information. No warranties of any kind are declared or implied. Readers acknowledge that the author is not engaging in the rendering of legal, financial, medical, or professional advice. The content within this book has been derived from various sources. Please consult a licensed professional before attempting any techniques outlined in this book.

    By reading this document, the reader agrees that under no circumstances is the author responsible for any losses, direct or indirect, that are incurred as a result of the use of the information contained within this document, including, but not limited to, errors, omissions, or inaccuracies.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Chapter 1

    1.0 Body Fluids or Biofluids

    Chapter 2

    2.0 Body Fluids and Compartments

    Chapter 3

    3.0 Serum Potassium

    Chapter 4

    4.0 Serum Phosphate

    Chapter 5

    5.0 Serum Sodium

    Chapter 6

    6.0 Serum Magnesium

    Chapter 7

    7.0 Serum Calcium

    Chapter 8

    8.0 Serum Chloride

    Chapter 9

    9.0 Arterial Blood Gases

    Chapter 10

    10.0 Causes of Acid-Base Disturbances

    Chapter 1

    1.0 Body Fluids or Biofluids

    ––––––––

    Biofluids or body fluids are the main fluid components in the body that contribute to all the regulatory and metabolic activities in the body. As far as all humans are living, the body fluids do not stop circulating. The circulation, composition, and style of activities vary. Moreover, this is the motive why it is necessary to study the mode of circulation and what body fluids imply in reality.

    In an adult human, the amount of biofluids should be at the average level of 60% of the total body weight. The amount of water level in males and females differs. While the male measures are between 60% - 67%, the female one is slightly below this range. Another case is the study of biofluids via the measures of body fat. Body fat measure is proportional to body fluids in an inverse manner. Furthermore, this is crucial to measures the number of biofluids and the composition of the body fluids.

    Biofluids are grouped into two categories; extracellular and intracellular fluids. The grouping is analyzed based on the position of the fluids, the composition, and the presence/absence of some particles or determinants. Based on composition, the extracellular fluids are grouped into interstitial fluids and intravascular fluids.

    ––––––––

    ●  Extracellular fluid

    ○  Intervascular fluid

    ○  Intravascular fluid

    ○  Lymphatic fluid

    ○  Transcellular fluid

    ●  Intracellular fluid

    1.1 Health Significance of Body fluids

    Body fluids are significant to the medical world. One of the health practice measures is the implications of body fluids in monitoring sicknesses' nature and the importance of pinpointing the type of illness regarding serum tests, among others. Also, body fluids are an indication of opportunistic pathogens. The body fluids give way to vectors, and these pathogens can influence the body without much restriction due to the presence and wide distribution of the pathogens.

    Therefore, it is mandatory to know the level of these fluids, their nature, and the composition mode in time intervals. Thus, medical measures like blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases are infectious illnesses that are confined and monitored via the observation of body fluids. Also, the act of practicing safe sex and precautions, especially in regards to body fluids", is directly related to the practice of avoiding the exchange of body fluids between two individuals (either the same sex or opposite sex).

    Health methods of extracting body fluids:

    ●  Thoracentesis

    ●  Lumbar puncture

    ●  Venous blood sampling

    ●  Arterial blood sampling

    ●  Paracentesis

    ●  Amniocentesis

    1.2 Basic Concepts of Body fluids

    Body fluids — Solutions, Colloids, Osmolality, Electrochemical terms, and Suspensions

    This section gives the background knowledge of biofluids. The study and understanding of body fluids require the necessary interpretation and meaning of some terminologies surrounding solutions, colloids, and suspensions. The three factors contribute to either balanced or unbalanced body fluids in a human. And this further determines the interpretation and type of solutions. All in all, it contributes to the understanding of body chemistry.

    Solution

    The solution is the combination of solutes and solvents. In the body, the amount of solution is known via the interaction of solutes and solvents. The solute-in-solvent dissolution (in the body) determines if the combination is dissolved or suspended solutions. The principal solvent in the body is water, it is widely distributed, and contains various solutes in different parts of the body. Water has direct implications on the behavior of dissolved materials because it is a polar solvent itself. Meaning, water may not be the dissolving vehicle for non-polar solutes. Thus, other solvents in the body are purely non-solvent.

    Suspension

    The suspension is the terminology of a solute that floats in a solvent. In this sense, a solute does not dissolve in the solution. It instead flows and moves in the direction of the solvents. For example, red blood cells do not dissolve in the plasma. It floats and moves in the direction of the plasma. The state of motion and action shows if the suspended particles settle or keep moving.

    ––––––––

    Colloids

    Colloids are water-loving substances. They attract water and become sticky or gel-like. For example, the protoplasm inside the cells is a direct image of colloids. On average, the level of water in such cells or a colloid in the body should be monitored, especially in a patient that has related issues with body fluids. Often, the level of water should not rise to the story of a hypotonic environment.

    Body fluids — Basic Concepts

    Concentration of Solutions

    The concentration of a solution is the number of dissolved solutes in a solvent. Although the solvent has significant importance, the measures are basically based on the number of solutes keeping the solvent constant. The act of removing solvent/adding solutes increases the concentration and vice versa. So, it is mandatory to monitor the situation whereby a patient may contribute to an increase/decrease in fluid concentration at a particular point in time. Some of the fluid concentrations are urine concentration, blood concentration, sugar concentration, among others.

    The concentration is affected by temperature and pressure. Thus, they determine the solubility of a fluid.

    ●  Saturated solutions happen when the maximum amount of a solute has dissolved in a solvent. Meaning, if the additional solute is added to the solvent, it will not dissolve.

    ●  Supersaturated solutions occur when the condition is the same, and the solvent has more solute than the saturated solutions.

    Osmotic Pressure of Solutions

    Osmotic pressure, or oncotic pressure, is the force that moves solvents across a semipermeable membrane. The number of solvents and solutes should equal on both sides of the membranes. A semipermeable membrane allows solvents to pass through the membrane and mostly

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