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    Simple Physical And Objective
    Simple Physical And Objective
    Simple Physical And Objective
    Ebook216 pages1 hour

    Simple Physical And Objective

    By Paulo Byron Oliveira Soares Neto

    ()

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    About this ebook

    After teaching at state and private schools in São Paulo, I noticed needs in the teaching of physics. As an experimental matter can not arouse the interest of students? Yes, this was my question. How could I handle the physics of simple and objective way for students? The answer was given by them, the students, greater objectivity and clarity in the theories. A detailed statement of interpretation and resolution of an exercise. The purpose of this work is to treat teaching the theory and problem solving physics in a simple and objective manner, so that the teacher has more time to demonstrate physics through experiments.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherClube de Autores
    Release dateJan 2, 2018
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      Book preview

      Simple Physical And Objective - Paulo Byron Oliveira Soares Neto

      Simple physical and objective - Kinematic and Dynamic Mechanical - Professor Paulo Byron Presentation

      After teaching at state and private schools in São Paulo, I noticed needs in the teaching of physics.

      As an experimental matter can not arouse the interest of students?

      Yes, this was my question.

      How could I handle the physics of simple and objective way for students?

      The answer was given by them, the students, greater objectivity and clarity in the theories. A detailed statement of interpretation and resolution of an exercise.

      The purpose of this work is to treat teaching the theory and problem solving physics in a simple and objective manner, so that the teacher has more time to demonstrate physics through experiments.

      Paul Byron

      2

      Simple physical and objective - Kinematic and Dynamic Mechanical - Professor Paulo Byron summary

      KINEMATICS

      Introduction................................................. .................................................. .................... 4

      uniform rectilinear motion ............................................... ......................................... 7

      miscellaneous uniform motion ............................................... ......................................... 18

      freefall and vertical launch ............................................. .................................... 26

      Graphics MU and MUV ............................................ .................................................. 30

      Oblique throw................................................ .................................................. ..... 37

      uniform circular motion (MCU) ............................................ ................................. 44

      Circular motion uniformly varied (MCUV) ........................................... ........ 50

      Dynamics

      Force................................................. .................................................. 59 ............................

      1st law of Newton or principle of inertia .......................................... ............................. 62

      2nd Law of Newton .............................................. .................................................. ............ 63

      Weight of a body .............................................. .................................................. ........... 68

      Hooke's law ............................................... .................................................. .................. 71

      3rd Law of Newton .............................................. .................................................. ............ 74

      Frictional force............................................... .................................................. ............... 87

      Centripetal force................................................ .................................................. ........... 93

      Universal Gravitation ................................................ .................................................. .... 96

      Work of a Force .............................................. .................................................. .109

      Energy................................................. .................................................. ....................... 130

      Push of a Force .............................................. .................................................. ..148

      3

      Simple physical and objective - Kinematic and Dynamic Mechanical - Professor Paulo Byron kinematics

      Kinematics is the part of the mechanical physics that studies the movements, not its causes. It aims to describe how to move the bodies. The causes of the movements will be addressed during the course.

      POINT AND BODY MATERIAL EXTENSIVE

      •

      Material point - it's all body whose dimensions do not interfere in the study of a particular phenomenon.

      •

      extensive body - whole body is the dimensions interfere in the study of certain phenomena.

      TRAJECTORY

      It is the particular line the various positions that occupies a body over time.

      SCALAR MEDIUM SPEED (R)

      When a body moves in a given space over a given period of time, the ratio between the change of covered space and the variation in the time taken to travel it is called medium speed.

      Vm = Ds / Dt

      The SI (International System) the speed measuring unit is in m / s (Meters per second).

      Remember if:

      To convert units that are in km / h to m / s, just divide by 3.6.

      4

      Simple physical and objective - Kinematic and Dynamic Mechanical - Professor Paulo Byron Space variation:

      It is the difference between the end space and the initial space.

      S = Ds - s 0

      The SI (International System) unit of measurement space (distance) is given in m ( meters).

      m (

      Remember if:

      1 km = 1000 m

      1 cm = 100 m

      Time range:

      It is the difference between the end time and start time.

      Dt = t - t 0

      Dt = t - t

      The SI (International System) the time measurement unit is in s The SI (International System) the time measurement unit is in (Seconds).

      Remember if:

      = 1 minute 60 seconds

      1 hour = 3600 s

      Example: In a road, a car passes by milestone 218 at 10h and 15 min and at 236 for 10h March 30

      min. What is the average speed of the car between the landmarks?

      Resolution:

      Step 1 - After reading the statement we should note the problem of data: initial space (s 0) = 218 km

      0) =

      Final space (s) = 236 km

      Initial time (t 0) =

      Initial time (t

      10h and 15 min

      0) =

      End time (t) = 10h and 30 min.

      5

      Simple physical and objective - Kinematic and Dynamic Mechanical - Professor Paulo Byron Step 2 - Let's calculate the variation in space Ds:

      Step 2

      Ds = s - s 0

      Ds = 236-218

      Ds = 18km

      Step 3 - Let's calculate the variation of time Dt:

      Step 3

      Dt = t - t 0

      Dt = t - t

      Dt = 10h 30min - 10h 15min

      Dt = 15min

      Step 4 - Let's convert the variation of time is in minutes to hours: Dt = 15min

      We have than 1 hour 60 minutes 15 then divide by 60:

      15/60 = ¼ = 0.25h

      Step 5 - Now we will calculate the average speed:

      Vm = Ds / Dt

      Vm = 18 / (1/4)

      Vm = 18 * 4/1

      Vm = 72km / h

      Note that the problem was solved with the division of fractions, it is easier to work with than in decimal form. Remembering that it is not allowed to use calculator in competitions and vestibular.

      Step 6 - We have found the average speed required in the problem, but we'll make it to the SI unit (m

      / s).

      Vm = 72 / 3.6 = 20m / s

      6

      Simple physical and objective - Kinematic and Dynamic Mechanical - Professor Paulo Byron PROPOSED EXERCISES

      1) (ESPM - SP) What is the speed in km / h, an aircraft must attain to 1)

      match the sound propagation velocity in the air, assuming this is of 330m / s?

      2) A cyclist must travel 35km in 1h. He noted that spent 40min to 2)

      go 20km. What should be your average speed to go the remaining distance in the allotted time?

      3) A car travels half of his career with an average speed of 3)

      30km / h and the other half with an average speed of 70km / h. What is the average speed in m / s, across trajectory?

      UNIFORM MOVEMENT

      When a body moves equal distances in equal time intervals, your movement is called uniform motion.

      In a uniform motion speed of the body not suffer variation, ie is constant.

      In uniform motion the trajectory is straight (straight), it is called uniform rectilinear motion (MRU).

      TIME FUNCTION

      When a body is in uniform motion, its position varies with respect to time.

      S = S 0 +

      S = S vt

      0 +

      At where:

      S = final space

      s 0 = initial space

      7

      Simple physical and objective - Kinematic and Dynamic Mechanical - Professor Paulo Byron V = Velocity

      T = time

      Note that S = S 0 + Vt is a function of the 1st degree, therefore, your chart is represented by a straight line.

      Examples:

      1) A cyclist runs at a constant speed of 12 m / s along a track 1)

      rectilinear. The moment passes by March 4m, fires a timer that starts counting from zero.

      The) Considering the starting point as the source of the positions which the time function The)

      movement?

      B) What position will the rider when the timer dial 6s?

      w) At what time will the rider at the track in March 184m?

      w)

      d) How far the rider will travel between times 5s and 40s?

      d)

      and) Build the graph of position versus time of this movement.

      Resolution:

      Step 1 - After carefully reading the statement, noted the data: V = 12m / s

      s 0 = 4m

      0 =

      Constant speed and moving line Uniform Rectilinear Motion reta- (MRU).

      Step 2 - Now that we know the movement is MRU, and the data provided, we set the time function: S = S 0 +

      0 vt

      S = 4 + 12t

      With this we answer the item.

      Step 3 - In item b, is asked to rider's position after 6s. Then T = 6s thus replace the value of t in the time function found in part a.

      S = 4 + 12t

      S = 4 * 12 + 6

      8

      Simple physical and objective - Kinematic and Dynamic Mechanical - Professor Paulo Byron S = 72 + 4

      S = 76m

      Thus we find the response of the item b.

      Step 4 - In item c, it is requested the moment the rider will by March 184, then they are requesting the time (t) and determining a final space (S = 184). We replace this value in time function found in part a.

      S = 4 + 12t

      184 = 4 + 12t

      184-4 = 12t

      12t = 180

      180/12 = t

      t = 15s

      Thus we find the time (t = 15 s) in which the rider reached the milestone 184m, response item c.

      5th step - In item d, it is required to calculate the distance between the moments 5s and 40s. In this case 5th step

      we must apply the time function found in the item, for each of these moments.

      For t = 5s

      S = 4 + 12t

      S = 4 +

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