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Swarm Intelligence: Fundamentals and Applications
Swarm Intelligence: Fundamentals and Applications
Swarm Intelligence: Fundamentals and Applications
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Swarm Intelligence: Fundamentals and Applications

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What Is Swarm Intelligence


The collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, either natural or artificial, is what is referred to as swarm intelligence (SI). The idea is used in research that is being done on artificial intelligence. In 1989, Gerardo Beni and Jing Wang were the ones who first used the expression "cellular robotic systems" in connection with their respective fields of study.


How You Will Benefit


(I) Insights, and validations about the following topics:


Chapter 1: Swarm intelligence


Chapter 2: Quorum sensing


Chapter 3: Cellular automaton


Chapter 4: Complex system


Chapter 5: Collaborative intelligence


Chapter 6: Artificial immune system


Chapter 7: Distributed artificial intelligence


Chapter 8: Global brain


Chapter 9: Multi-agent system


Chapter 10: Promise theory


(II) Answering the public top questions about swarm intelligence.


(III) Real world examples for the usage of swarm intelligence in many fields.


(IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of swarm intelligence' technologies.


Who This Book Is For


Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of swarm intelligence.

LanguageEnglish
Release dateJul 1, 2023
Swarm Intelligence: Fundamentals and Applications

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    Swarm Intelligence - Fouad Sabry

    Chapter 1: Swarm intelligence

    The collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, either natural or artificial, is what is referred to as swarm intelligence (SI). The idea is used in research that is being done on artificial intelligence. In 1989, Gerardo Beni and Jing Wang were the ones who first used the phrase cellular robotic systems in connection with their respective fields of study. In natural systems, swarm intelligence may be seen in things like ant colonies, bee colonies, bird flocking, hawk hunting, animal herding, bacterial growth, fish schooling, and microbial intelligence. Other examples include animal herding.

    Swarm robotics refers to the application of swarm principles to robots, while swarm intelligence refers to the more broad collection of algorithms that may be used in swarm robotics. The concept of swarm prediction has been used to the resolution of forecasting issues. In the field of synthetic collective intelligence, similar techniques to those that have been suggested for swarm robots are being studied for genetically engineered animals.

    Boids is a software that replicates the behavior of birds flocking together that was created by Craig Reynolds in 1986 as part of an artificial life system. His article on this subject was included in the proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH conference in 1987 and was published there. A bird-like thing is referred to as a boid, which is an abbreviated form of the phrase bird-oid object. The word boid relates to this reduced version.

    Boids is an example of emergent behavior, which is to say that the complexity of Boids comes from the interaction of individual agents (the boids, in this instance), each of which adheres to a set of basic rules. This is true of the majority of artificial life simulations. The following guidelines govern behavior in the most basic form of the Boids world::

    separating: steer to avoid squeezing in with the other nearby sheep.

    alignment: go in the general direction that the majority of nearby flockmates are going.

    cohesion: migrate toward the average location (center of mass) of nearby flockmates by following the leader's instructions to do so.

    It's possible to throw in more complicated rules, such avoiding obstacles and working toward your goals.

    Self-propelled particles, or SPP for short, were first described by Vicsek and colleagues in 1995. This model is also known as the Vicsek model.

    The majority of work in the subject of nature-inspired metaheuristics is done using evolutionary algorithms (EA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), differential evolution (DE), and ant colony optimization (ACO), as well as its derivatives. The algorithms released up to about the year 2000 are included in this list. The research community has begun to criticize a significant number of more recent metaphor-inspired metaheuristics for masking their lack of originality behind an intricate metaphor. This criticism is directed at a big number of metaphor-inspired metaheuristics. See the list of metaphor-based metaheuristics for any algorithms that have been published after that period.

    The use of metaheuristics is not recommended because of its lack of reliability.

    The first edition was released in 1989. Search based on stochastic diffusion (SDS)

    Ant colony optimization (ACO) is a family of optimization algorithms that is patterned on the activities of an ant colony. Ant colony optimization was first developed by Dorigo in his PhD dissertation. The ACO algorithm is a probabilistic method that may be helpful in solving issues that involve finding better pathways across graphs. Artificial 'ants,' also known as simulation agents, are used to identify optimum solutions by traversing a parameter space that represents all of the potential solutions. During the process of exploring their habitat, natural ants leave behind pheromone trails that guide other ants to resources. The simulated 'ants' also keep track of their locations and the quality of the solutions they come up with, which allows for improved results in following rounds of the simulation by having more ants look for better options.

    Particle swarm optimization, often known as PSO, is a method for dealing with issues in which the optimal solution may be represented as a point or surface in an n-dimensional space. PSO is considered a global optimization technique. The hypotheses are mapped out in this space and seeded with an initial velocity. Additionally, a communication channel is established between the different particles. After that, particles will travel across the solution space, and at the end of each timestep, they will be assessed in accordance with some fitness criteria. Particles, over the course of time, are gradually propelled towards the direction of other particles within their communication grouping that have higher fitness values. The large number of members that comprise the particle swarm render the technique impressively resistant to the issue of local minima, which is the primary benefit of such an approach in comparison to other global minimization strategies such as simulated annealing. Other global minimization strategies include:.

    The term Artificial Swarm Intelligence, or ASI, refers to a way of increasing the collective intelligence of networked human groups by using control algorithms that are patterned after the behavior of natural swarms. The technology, which unites groups of human participants into real-time systems that discuss and settle on answers as dynamic swarms when simultaneously presented with a query, is often referred to as Human Swarming or Swarm AI.

    Techniques based on swarm intelligence may be put to use in a variety of different applications. For the purpose of managing autonomous vehicles, the United States military is looking at swarm tactics. The European Space Agency is contemplating the use of an orbiting swarm for the purposes of interferometry and self-assembly. The employment of swarm technology for the purpose of planetary mapping is something that NASA is looking at. M. Anthony Lewis and George A. Bekey published a study in 1992 in which they discussed the prospect of using swarm intelligence to manage nanobots inside the body for the aim of destroying cancer tumors.

    Research has also been done into the use of swarm intelligence in the field of communications networks, namely in the form of ant-based routing. During the middle of the 1990s, this was first developed independently by Dorigo et al. and by Hewlett Packard. Since then, a variety of other variations have been developed. In essence, this makes use of a probabilistic routing table that rewards and reinforces the path that has been successfully travelled by each ant, which is a tiny control packet that floods the network. Research has been conducted on the route's reinforcement in both the forwards and backwards directions, as well as in both directions at the same time. Backwards reinforcement requires a symmetric network and couples the two directions together, whereas forwards reinforcement rewards a route before the outcome is known (but then one would pay for the cinema before one knows how good the film is). As a result of the system's stochastic behavior and, as a

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