Alphabet Pattern Programs in Python

Last Updated : 03 May, 2025
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Pattern programs help improve logic and problem-solving in coding. Using Python loops and the ASCII system, we can print alphabet-based patterns like triangles, pyramids and more.

ASCII Important Points:

  • Uppercase letters: A-Z: ASCII 65–90
  • Lowercase letters: a-z: ASCII 97–122
  • Use chr() to convert an ASCII value to its character (e.g., chr(65)- 'A').

Let's look at some common alphabet patterns:

1. Left Triangle Alphabet Pattern

Prints a left-aligned triangle using uppercase letters. Each row prints increasing characters starting from 'A'.

Python 
def left_triangle_pattern(rows):
    for i in range(rows):
        for j in range(i + 1):
            print(chr(j + 65), end="")
        print()

n = 7
left_triangle_pattern(n)

Output
A
AB
ABC
ABCD
ABCDE
ABCDEF
ABCDEFG

Explanation:

  • Outer loop controls rows.
  • Inner loop prints increasing letters from 'A' in each row.

2. Right Triangle Alphabet Pattern in Python

Creates a right-aligned triangle by adding spaces before printing increasing characters from 'A'.

Python 
def right_triangle_pattern(rows):
    for i in range(rows):
        for j in range(1, rows - i):
            print(" ", end="")
        for k in range(i + 1):
            print(chr(65 + k), end="")
        print()

n = 7
right_triangle_pattern(n)

Output
      A
     AB
    ABC
   ABCD
  ABCDE
 ABCDEF
ABCDEFG

Explanation:

  • Adds leading spaces to align right.
  • Characters from 'A' to the required length are printed.

3. Hollow Triangle Alphabet Pattern in Python

In this example, we will build a left-aligned triangle with only the boundary letters visible, leaving the inner space blank.

Python 
def hollow_left_triangle(rows):
    for i in range(1, rows+1):
        counter = 0
        for j in range(i):
            if j == 0 or j == i-1 or i == rows:
                print(chr(65 + counter), end='')
                counter += 1
            else:
                print(' ', end='')
        print()

n = 7
hollow_left_triangle(n)

Output
A
AB
A B
A  B
A   B
A    B
ABCDEFG

Explanation:

  • Prints characters at the borders.
  • Leaves spaces inside unless it's the last row.

4. Pyramid Alphabet Pattern in Python

Forms a centered pyramid where each row prints an odd number of letters starting from 'A'.

Python 
def pyramid_pattern(rows):
    for i in range(rows):
        print(' ' * (rows - i - 1), end='')
        for k in range(2 * i + 1):
            print(chr(65 + k), end='')
        print()

n = 7
pyramid_pattern(n)

Output
      A
     ABC
    ABCDE
   ABCDEFG
  ABCDEFGHI
 ABCDEFGHIJK
ABCDEFGHIJKLM

Explanation:

  • Each row is centered using spaces.
  • Characters grow symmetrically from 'A'.

5. Upside Down Pyramid Alphabet Pattern in Python

Prints a reversed pyramid starting with the longest row and reducing characters each line.

Python 
def reverse_pyramid(rows):
    for i in range(rows):
        print(' ' * i, end='')
        for j in range(2 * (rows - i) - 1):
            print(chr(65 + j), end='')
        print()

n = 7
reverse_pyramid(n)

Output
ABCDEFGHIJKLM
 ABCDEFGHIJK
  ABCDEFGHI
   ABCDEFG
    ABCDE
     ABC
      A

Explanation:

  • Adds spaces to shift rows right.
  • Characters reduce in odd numbers per row.

6. Hollow Pyramid Alphabet Pattern in Python

Creates a hollow pyramid by printing characters only on the border and full last row.

Python 
def hollow_pyramid(rows):
    for i in range(rows):
        print(' ' * (rows - i - 1), end='')
        counter = 0
        for k in range(2 * i + 1):
            if k == 0 or k == 2 * i or i == rows - 1:
                print(chr(65 + counter), end='')
                counter += 1
            else:
                print(' ', end='')
        print()

n = 7
hollow_pyramid(n)

Output
      A
     A B
    A   B
   A     B
  A       B
 A         B
ABCDEFGHIJKLM

Explanation:

  • Borders of each row are filled.
  • Middle spaces stay blank except in the last row.

7. Diamond Alphabet Pattern in Python

Combines an upright and reversed pyramid to form a symmetrical diamond of letters.

Python 
def print_diamond(rows, is_upright=True):
    if is_upright:
        for i in range(rows):
            print(' ' * (rows - i - 1), end='')
            for j in range(2 * i + 1):
                print(chr(65 + j), end='')
            print()
    else:
        for i in range(rows - 1):
            print(' ' * (i + 1), end='')
            for j in range(2 * (rows - i - 1) - 1):
                print(chr(65 + j), end='')
            print()

n = 7
print_diamond(n, True)
print_diamond(n, False)

Output
      A
     ABC
    ABCDE
   ABCDEFG
  ABCDEFGHI
 ABCDEFGHIJK
ABCDEFGHIJKLM
 ABCDEFGHIJK
  ABCDEFGHI
   ABCDEFG
    ABCDE
     ABC
      A

Explanation:

  • First loop prints the upper triangle.
  • Second loop prints the reversed lower part.

8. Hourglass Alphabet Pattern in Python

In this example, we will create an hourglass by stacking a reversed and upright pyramid pattern.

Python 
def print_hourglass(rows):
    for i in range(rows - 1):
        print(' ' * i, end='')
        for k in range(2 * (rows - i) - 1):
            print(chr(65 + k), end='')
        print()
    for i in range(rows):
        print(' ' * (rows - i - 1), end='')
        for k in range(2 * i + 1):
            print(chr(65 + k), end='')
        print()

n = 7
print_hourglass(n)

Output
ABCDEFGHIJKLM
 ABCDEFGHIJK
  ABCDEFGHI
   ABCDEFG
    ABCDE
     ABC
      A
     ABC
    ABCDE
   ABCDEFG
  ABCDEFGHI
 ABCDEFGHIJK
ABCDEFGHIJKLM

Explanation:

  • First half mirrors a reverse pyramid.
  • Second half mirrors a pyramid.

9. Square Alphabet Pattern in Python

Prints a square where each row contains repeating uppercase letters in sequence.

Python 
def print_square_pattern(rows):
    for i in range(rows):
        for j in range(rows):
            print(chr(65 + i), end=" ")
        print()

n = 7
print_square_pattern(n)

Output
A A A A A A A 
B B B B B B B 
C C C C C C C 
D D D D D D D 
E E E E E E E 
F F F F F F F 
G G G G G G G

Explanation:

  • Each row contains the same alphabet.
  • Characters increment with rows.

10. Heart Alphabet Pattern in Python

Draws a heart shape by combining mirrored patterns using uppercase alphabets.

Python 
def print_heart_pattern(rows):
    for i in range(rows // 2, rows, 2):
        for j in range(1, rows - i, 2):
            print(" ", end="")
        for j in range(i):
            print(chr(65 + j), end="")
        for j in range(1, rows - i + 1):
            print(" ", end="")
        for j in range(i):
            print(chr(65 + j), end="")
        print()
    for i in range(rows, 0, -1):
        for j in range(i, rows):
            print(" ", end="")
        for j in range(i * 2):
            print(chr(65 + j), end="")
        print()

n = 10
print_heart_pattern(n)

Output:

ABCDE ABCDE

ABCDEFG ABCDEFG

ABCDEFGHI ABCDEFGHI

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQR

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP

ABCDEFGHIJKLMN

ABCDEFGHIJKL

ABCDEFGHIJ

ABCDEFGH

ABCDEF

ABCD

AB

Explanation:

  • Top part forms two arcs.
  • Bottom descends forming a tapering shape.

11. Right Pascal Alphabet Pattern in Python

Forms a right Pascal triangle using alphabets with ascending and descending parts.

Python 
def right_pascal_triangle(rows):
    for i in range(1, rows + 1):
        print(" " * (rows - i), end="")
        for j in range(1, i + 1):
            print(chr(64 + j), end="")
        print()
    for i in range(rows - 1, 0, -1):
        print(" " * (rows - i), end="")
        for j in range(1, i + 1):
            print(chr(64 + j), end="")
        print()

n = 7
right_pascal_triangle(n)

Output
      A
     AB
    ABC
   ABCD
  ABCDE
 ABCDEF
ABCDEFG
 ABCDEF
  ABCDE
   ABCD
    ABC
     AB
      A

Explanation:

  • First part grows rows.
  • Second part reduces rows.

12. Left Pascal Alphabet Pattern in Python

Builds a left Pascal triangle with increasing and decreasing rows of characters.

Python 
def left_pascal(rows):
    for i in range(1, rows + 1):
        for j in range(1, i + 1):
            print(chr(64 + j), end="")
        print()
    for i in range(rows - 1, 0, -1):
        for j in range(1, i + 1):
            print(chr(64 + j), end="")
        print()

n = 7
left_pascal(n)

Output
A
AB
ABC
ABCD
ABCDE
ABCDEF
ABCDEFG
ABCDEF
ABCDE
ABCD
ABC
AB
A

Explanation:

  • Upper half increases from 1 to n.
  • Lower half decreases from n-1 to 1.

Related Article: Programs for Printing Pyramid


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