Navigation Bar using JavaScript

Last Updated : 29 Jul, 2024
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A Navigation Bar is a user interface element commonly found in websites and applications. It typically appears at the top of a web page or screen and It's an essential component of any website, allowing users to easily navigate and access different sections or pages. In this tutorial, we will make a responsive navigation bar using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

Approach

  • Link the style.css and script.js files with the HTML code.
  • First, we will add a header tag inside the body section and 3 more divs for the logo, side nav menu, and hamburger menu.
  • The logo will be on the left side and the navigation links will be on the right side. The hamburger menu will only appear on a small display for a better user experience.
  • After that, we will style the Navbar and add an EventListener on the Hamburger icon to only trigger when someone clicks on it.

Example: Below is the implementation of the above approach.

HTML 
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
    <title>Responsive Navbar</title>
</head>

<body>
    <header>
        <nav class="navbar">
            <div class="logo">
                <a href="/">
                    <img src="https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/wp-content/cdn-uploads/gfg_200x200-min.png"
                        alt="gfg_logo">
                </a>
            </div>
            <div class="hamburger-menu">
                <span class="line"></span>
                <span class="line"></span>
                <span class="line"></span>
            </div>
            <div class="nav-menu hide">
                <a href="#">Home</a>
                <a href="#">Career</a>
                <a href="#">About</a>
                <a href="#">Contact</a>
            </div>
        </nav>
    </header>
</body>
<script src="./script.js"></script>

</html>
CSS 
*{
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    transition: all 0.4s;
}
body{
    font-family: sans-serif;
}
a{
    text-decoration: none;
    color: black;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: bold;
}

/* navbar styling */
.navbar{
    display: flex;
    height: 5rem;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding-top: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(223, 251, 219);
}

/* logo style  */
.logo img{
    width: 4rem;
    height: 4rem;
    margin-left:1rem;
}

.hamburger-menu{
    padding-right: 1.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.hamburger-menu .line{
   display: block;
   width:2.5rem;
   height: 2px;
   margin-bottom: 10px;
   background-color: black;
   cursor: pointer;
}

.nav-menu{
    position: fixed;
    width: 94%;
    top: 6rem;
    left: 18px;
    background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
    font-weight: 600;

}
.nav-menu a{
    display: block;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 5px 0;
}
.nav-menu a:hover{
    background-color: rgb(223, 251, 219);
}

.hide{
    display: none;
}

/* for Desktop view  */
@media screen and (min-width:600px){
    .navbar{
        justify-content: space-around;
    }
    .nav-menu{
        display: block;
        position: static;
        width: auto;
        margin-right:20px;
        background: none;
    }
    .nav-menu a{
        display: inline-block;
        padding: 15px 20px;
    }
    .nav-menu a:hover{
        background-color: rgb(223, 251, 219);
        border-radius: 5px;
    }
    .hamburger-menu{
        display: none;
    }
}
JavaScript 
const hamburger = document.querySelector('.hamburger-menu');
const navMenu = document.querySelector('.nav-menu');

hamburger.addEventListener('click', () => {
  navMenu.classList.toggle('hide');
});

Output: Click here to check live code output


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