PHP | DOMNode normalize() Function

Last Updated : 02 Mar, 2020
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The DOMNode::normalize() function is an inbuilt function in PHP which is used to remove empty text nodes and merge adjacent text nodes in this node and all its children. Syntax: 
void DOMNode::normalize( void )
Parameters: This function doesn’t accept any parameters. Return Value: This function does not return any value. Below examples illustrate the DOMNode::normalize() function in PHP: Example 1: In this program, we will show how normalize removes empty text nodes. php 
<?php
 
// Create a new DOMDocument instance
$document = new DOMDocument();
 
// Create a div element
$element = $document->
    appendChild(new DOMElement('div'));
 
// Create a text Node
$text1 = $document->
    createTextNode('GeeksforGeeks');
 
// Create a empty text Node
$text2 = $document->createTextNode('');
 
// Create another empty text Node
$text3 = $document->createTextNode('');
 
// Append the nodes
$element->appendChild($text1);
$element->appendChild($text2);
$element->appendChild($text3);
 
echo "Number of text nodes before normalization: ";
echo count($element->childNodes) . "<br>";
 
// Normalize the document
$document->normalize();
 
echo "Number of text nodes after normalization: ";
echo count($element->childNodes);
?>
Output: 
Number of text nodes before normalization: 3
Number of text nodes after normalization: 1
Example 2: In this program, we will show how normalize merges all neighbor text nodes. php 
<?php

// Create a new DOMDocument instance
$document = new DOMDocument();

// Create a div element
$element = $document->
    appendChild(new DOMElement('div'));

// Create a text Node
$text1 = $document->
               createTextNode('Hello');

// Create another text Node
$text2 = $document->
               createTextNode('World');

// Append the nodes
$element->appendChild($text1);
$element->appendChild($text2);

echo "Number of text nodes "
                . "before normalization: ";
echo count($element->childNodes) . "<br>";

// Normalize the document
$document->normalize();

echo "Number of text nodes after "
                         . "normalization: ";
echo count($element->childNodes);
?>
Output: 
Number of text nodes before normalization: 2
Number of text nodes after normalization: 1
Reference: https://www.php.net/manual/en/domnode.normalize.php

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