Selenium is a portable framework for testing web applications. Selenium provides a playback tool for authoring functional tests without the need to learn a test scripting language. Before Going Ahead Please refer to this page if you had not installed Selenium. This article revolves around Locators in Selenium and various strategies.
Contents
Webdriver
Selenium WebDriver drives a browser natively, as a real user would, either locally or on remote machines. To start a web browser python selenium Module Needs webdriver. One can download it from here for chromium browserÂ
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate
# Webdriver For Firefox
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("https://mbasic.facebook.com")
How to Use Other Webdriver
Python3
# Firefox
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
# Google Chrome
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
Getting Source of a Web-Page/URL
By Using this one can get the complete page source/code of current opened URL/Web-Page.Â
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Webdriver For Firefox
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://mbasic.facebook.com")
html = driver.page_source # Getting Source of Current URL / Web-Page Loaded
print(html)
# End
Output: 
One Need to Go Through the Source Code Of the Page To Create Selenium Automated Script
For Example :- 
Locating Elements By :-
1. Id
HTML Elements have some attribute "id" which can be used to Locate Those Elements. For Example :- Finding Input Box For Email FieldÂ
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Finding Input Box For Email Field
# Go Through the Screen Shot Above or Page Source
driver.find_element_by_id("m_login_email")
# End
2. Name
HTML Elements Have attribute "name" associated with them which can be used to Locate Those Elements. For Example :- Finding Input Box For Password FieldÂ
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Finding Input Box For Password Field
# Go Through the Screen Shot Above or Page Source
driver.find_element_by_name("pass")
# End
3. Link Text
HTML Elements which are actually a Link To another Page can be Located using that particular Link Text. For Example :- Finding Forgotten Password Link FieldÂ
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Finding Forgotten Password Link Field
driver.find_element_by_link_text("Forgotten password?")
# End
4. Partial Link Text
HTML Elements which are actually a Link To another Page can be Located using that particular Partial Link Text. For Example :- Finding Forgotten Password Link FieldÂ
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Finding Forgotten Password Link Field
driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text("Forgotten password?")
# End
5. XPath
HTML Elements can be Easily Found by using this For Example :- Find Email and Password Input FieldÂ
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Creating a Reference of Form For Finding Email and Password
# Reference for Form Finding
form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id ='login_form']")
# Email
email = form.find_element_by_name("email")
# Password
password = form.find_element_by_name("pass")
# End
6. Tag Name
HTML Elements can be Easily Found by using Tag Name For Example :- Finding Elements by using tag name like Title, Head, Body, Html, a, div, etc.Â
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Finding Title of Facebook Login Page
# Output will be "Facebook - log in or sign up"
title = driver.find_element_by_tag_name("title")
print(title)
# End
7. CSS Selector
HTML Elements can be Easily Found by using CSS For Example :- Finding Elements by using Class, style, etc.Â
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Finding Password Input Field Using Class Name "bl bm bo bp"
password = driver.find_element_by_css_selector('input.bl.bm.bo.bp')
# End
8. Class Name
HTML Elements can be Easily Found by using Class name For Example :- Finding Elements by using Class Name.Â
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Finding Password Input Field Using Class Name "bl bm bo bp"
password = driver.find_element_by_class_name('bl bm bo bp')
# End
9. Entering Input in an Input Field Using Selenium Script
It is Used to Insert Input into Input Field Using inbuilt Function send_keys.Â
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Creating a Reference of Form For Finding Email and Password
# Reference for Form Finding
form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id ='login_form']")
email = form.find_element_by_name("email")
password = form.find_element_by_name("pass")
# Inserting("abc@gmail.com") in the Email Input Field
email.send_keys("singh.swaraj1999@gmail.com")
# Inserting("Your Facebook Password") in the Password Input Field
password.send_keys("Your Facebook Password")
# End
10. Locating Submit Button
It is Used to Locate the Submit Button Which is used to submit a formÂ
Python3
# Python program Continued
# Creating a Reference of Form For Finding Email and Password
form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id ='login_form']")
email = form.find_element_by_name("email")
password = form.find_element_by_name("pass")
email.send_keys("singh.swaraj1999@gmail.com")
password.send_keys("Your Facebook Password")
# Locating Submit Button
submit_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@type ='submit']")
submit_button.click() # Button Click
# End
Output:- 
11. Complete Code to Demonstrate Login Into Facebook
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate Facebook Login
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("https://mbasic.facebook.com")
# Creating a Reference of Form For Finding Email and Password
form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id ='login_form']")
email = form.find_element_by_name("email")
password = form.find_element_by_name("pass")
email.send_keys("singh.swaraj1999@gmail.com")
password.send_keys("Your Facebook Password")
submit_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@type ='submit']")
submit_button.click()
# Error Password in Output
# Because i had not used my real password here
# End
Output:- 
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