Journal Description
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on marine science and engineering, published monthly online by MDPI. The Australia New Zealand Marine Biotechnology Society (ANZMBS) is affiliated with JMSE and their members receive discounts on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed with Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), GeoRef, Inspec, AGRIS, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q1 (Engineering, Marine) / CiteScore - Q2 (Civil and Structural Engineering)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 16.9 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.6 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the first half of 2024).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
Impact Factor:
2.7 (2023);
5-Year Impact Factor:
2.8 (2023)
Latest Articles
Experimental Characterization of Stiffness of a Polyester Mooring Rope for a CFPSO
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1435; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081435 (registering DOI) - 20 Aug 2024
Abstract
Synthetic ropes are increasingly favored for use in offshore systems. Accurate predictions of the coupled hydrodynamic performance and structural response of offshore structures depends on a thorough understanding of the nonlinear characteristics of fiber materials. The objective of this study is to experimentally
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Synthetic ropes are increasingly favored for use in offshore systems. Accurate predictions of the coupled hydrodynamic performance and structural response of offshore structures depends on a thorough understanding of the nonlinear characteristics of fiber materials. The objective of this study is to experimentally characterize the stiffness of a polyester mooring rope for a cylindrical floating production storage and offloading system. The quasi-static stiffness of the ropes and aged ropes after installation and the dynamic stiffness in various loading conditions were computed based on sub-rope tests following the guidelines from the American Bureau of Shipping. The quasi-static stiffness curves exhibited a linear decrease in values as the logarithm of the loading period (in minutes) increased. The dynamic stiffness was, in general, much higher than the quasi-static stiffness. The dynamic stiffness under various loading conditions revealed the complexities of the mechanical properties of polyester rope. Parameters such as the mean load, load amplitude, loading period, and loading cycles all had a notable impact. More tests are required to have a better understanding of their effects.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrodynamics and Mooring Analysis of Floating Structures)
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Open AccessArticle
Variations in the Abundance, Biodiversity, and Assemblage Structure of Larval Fish in the Restricted Waters of the Wang-an Light Fishery off Penghu, Taiwan
by
Lu-Chi Chen, Chia-Wei Hu, Jinn-Shing Weng, Kuo-Wei Lan, Chen-Te Tseng and Hernyi Justin Hsieh
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1434; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081434 - 19 Aug 2024
Abstract
This study examined the abundance, biodiversity, and assemblage structure of larval fish inside and outside the restricted fishing zone of the Wang-an light fishery, which is located off Penghu, Taiwan. A total of 97 taxa belonging to 48 families of larval fish were
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This study examined the abundance, biodiversity, and assemblage structure of larval fish inside and outside the restricted fishing zone of the Wang-an light fishery, which is located off Penghu, Taiwan. A total of 97 taxa belonging to 48 families of larval fish were identified through plankton tows conducted during the present investigation. Upeneus japonicus from the Mullidae family emerged as the dominant species in the surveyed area. Diurnal variation in larval fish abundance was evident, with higher abundance observed at night-time than during daytime. However, no significant difference was observed between the larval fish abundance inside and outside the restricted zone. Moreover, fish egg abundance and larval fish biodiversity did not exhibit notable differences between sampling locations or times. Cluster analysis revealed the presence of two groups of seasonal species. The major species in the spring group were Abudefduf vaigiensis and Pomacentrus coelestis, which prefer a low-temperature environment. The major species in the summer group was U. japonicus, which prefers a high-temperature environment. The seasonal succession of water masses under the influence of monsoon activity likely contributed to the observed grouping patterns of larval fish assemblages in the study area. These patterns were closely linked to the marine environmental conditions in this area. The study outcomes provide scientific insights and recommendations regarding the importance and benefits of establishing a restricted fishing zone for sustaining fishery resources.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation)
Open AccessArticle
Grabbing Path Extraction of Deep-Sea Manganese Nodules Based on Improved YOLOv5
by
Chunlu Cui, Penglei Ma, Qianli Zhang, Guijie Liu and Yingchun Xie
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1433; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081433 - 19 Aug 2024
Abstract
In an effort to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of deep-sea manganese nodule grasping behavior by a manipulator, a novel approach employing an improved YOLOv5 algorithm is proposed for the extraction of the shortest paths to manganese nodules targeted by the manipulator. The
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In an effort to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of deep-sea manganese nodule grasping behavior by a manipulator, a novel approach employing an improved YOLOv5 algorithm is proposed for the extraction of the shortest paths to manganese nodules targeted by the manipulator. The loss function of YOLOv5s has been improved by integrating a dual loss function that combines IoU and NWD, resulting in better accuracy for loss calculations across different target sizes. Additionally, substituting the initial C3 module in the network backbone with a C2f module is intended to improve the flow of gradient information while reducing computational demands. Once the geometric center of the manganese nodules is identified with the improved YOLOv5 algorithm, the next step involves planning the most efficient route for the manipulator to pick up the nodules using an upgraded elite strategy ant colony algorithm. Enhancements to the ACO algorithm consist of implementing an elite strategy and progressively decreasing the number of ants in each round. This method reduces both the number of iterations and the time required for each iteration, while also preventing the occurrence of local optimal solutions. The experimental findings indicate that the improved YOLOv5s detection algorithm boosts detection accuracy by 2.3%. Furthermore, when there are fewer than 30 target planning points, the improved algorithm requires, on average, 24% fewer iterations than the ACO algorithm to determine the shortest path. Additionally, the speed of calculation for each iteration is quicker while still providing the optimal solution.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Applications and Development of Underwater Robotics and Underwater Vision Technology)
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Open AccessArticle
The Mesozoic Subduction Zone over the Dongsha Waters of the South China Sea and Its Significance in Gas Hydrate Accumulation
by
Pibo Su, Zhongquan Zhao and Kangshou Zhang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1432; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081432 - 19 Aug 2024
Abstract
The Mesozoic subduction zone over the Dongsha Waters (DSWs) of the South China Sea (SCS) is a part of the westward subduction of the ancient Pacific plate. Based on the comprehensive interpretation of deep reflection seismic profile data and polar magnetic anomaly data,
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The Mesozoic subduction zone over the Dongsha Waters (DSWs) of the South China Sea (SCS) is a part of the westward subduction of the ancient Pacific plate. Based on the comprehensive interpretation of deep reflection seismic profile data and polar magnetic anomaly data, and the zircon dating results of igneous rocks drilled from well LF35-1-1, the Mesozoic subduction zone in the northeast SCS is accurately identified, and a Mesozoic subduction model is proposed. The accretion wedges, trenches, and igneous rock zones together form the Mesozoic subduction zone. The evolution of the Mesozoic subduction zone can be divided into two stages: continental subduction during the Late Jurassic and continental collision during the late Cretaceous. The Mesozoic subduction zone controlled the structural pattern and evolution of the Chaoshan depression (CSD) during the Mesozoic and Neogene eras. The gas source of the hydrate comes from thermogenic gas, which is accompanied by mud diapir activity and migrates along the fault. The gas accumulates to form gas hydrates at the bottom of the stable domain; BSR can be seen above the mud diapir structure; that is, hydrate deposits are formed under the influence of mud diapir structures, belonging to a typical leakage type genesis model.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Marine Gas Hydrate Exploration and Discovery)
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Open AccessCorrection
Correction: Feistel, R.; Hellmuth, O. Irreversible Thermodynamics of Seawater Evaporation. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12, 166
by
Rainer Feistel and Olaf Hellmuth
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1431; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081431 - 19 Aug 2024
Open AccessArticle
Small-Sample Fault Diagnosis of Axial Piston Pumps across Working Conditions, Based on 1D-SENet Model Migration
by
Xukang Yang, Anqi Jiang, Wanlu Jiang, Yi Yue, Lei Jing and Junjie Zhou
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1430; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081430 - 19 Aug 2024
Abstract
Hydraulic pumps are the core components that provide power for hydraulic transmission systems, which are widely used in aerospace, marine engineering, and mechanical engineering, and their failure affects the normal operation of the entire system. This paper takes a single axial piston pump
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Hydraulic pumps are the core components that provide power for hydraulic transmission systems, which are widely used in aerospace, marine engineering, and mechanical engineering, and their failure affects the normal operation of the entire system. This paper takes a single axial piston pump as the research object and proposes a small-sample fault diagnosis method based on the model migration strategy for the situation in which only a small number of training samples are available for axial piston pump fault diagnosis. To achieve end-to-end fault diagnosis, a 1D Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks (1D-SENets) model was constructed based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network and combined with the channel domain attention mechanism. The model was first pre-trained with sufficient labeled fault data from the source conditions, and then, based on the model migration strategy, some of the underlying network parameters were fixed, and a small amount of labeled fault data from the target conditions was used to fine-tune the rest of the parameters of the pre-trained model. In this paper, the proposed method was validated using an axial piston pump fault dataset, and the experimental results show that the method can effectively improve the overfitting problem in the small sample fault diagnosis of axial piston pumps and improve the recognition accuracy.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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Open AccessArticle
Underwater Long Baseline Positioning Based on B-Spline Surface for Fitting Effective Sound Speed Table
by
Yao Xing, Jiongqi Wang, Bowen Hou, Zhangming He and Xuanying Zhou
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1429; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081429 - 19 Aug 2024
Abstract
Due to the influence of the complex underwater environment, the sound speed constantly changes, resulting in the acoustic signal propagation trajectory being curved, which greatly affects the positioning accuracy of the underwater long baseline (LBL) system. In this paper, an improved LBL positioning
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Due to the influence of the complex underwater environment, the sound speed constantly changes, resulting in the acoustic signal propagation trajectory being curved, which greatly affects the positioning accuracy of the underwater long baseline (LBL) system. In this paper, an improved LBL positioning method based on a B-spline surface for fitting the effective sound speed table (ESST) is proposed. Firstly, according to the underwater sound speed profile, the discrete ESST of each measurement station is constructed before the positioning test, and then, the node position of the B-spline surface is optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) to accurately fit the discrete ESST. Based on this, the improved LBL positioning method is constructed. In the underwater positioning test, the effective sound speed can be quickly found by measuring the time of arrival (TOA) of the acoustic signal and the target depth, and moreover, the target position parameters can be quickly and accurately estimated. The numerical simulation results show that the improved positioning method proposed in this paper can effectively improve the LBL positioning accuracy and provide the theoretical basis and the technical support for the underwater navigation and positioning.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Marine Vehicles: Navigation, Control and Sensing)
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Open AccessArticle
USV Collision Avoidance Decision-Making Based on the Improved PPO Algorithm in Restricted Waters
by
Shuhui Hao, Wei Guan, Zhewen Cui and Junwen Lu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1428; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081428 - 19 Aug 2024
Abstract
The study presents an optimized Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) collision avoidance decision-making strategy in restricted waters based on the improved Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm. This approach effectively integrates the ship domain, the action area of restricted waters, and the International Regulations for
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The study presents an optimized Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) collision avoidance decision-making strategy in restricted waters based on the improved Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm. This approach effectively integrates the ship domain, the action area of restricted waters, and the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), while constructing an autonomous decision-making system. A novel set of reward functions are devised to incentivize USVs to strictly adhere to COLREGs during autonomous decision-making. Also, to enhance convergence performance, this study incorporates the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), which is demonstrated to significantly improve algorithmic efficacy compared to both the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network and traditional fully connected network structures. Finally, extensive testing in various constrained environments, such as narrow channels and complex waters with multiple ships, validates the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed strategy.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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Open AccessBrief Report
Complete Mitogenomes of Deep-Sea Eels Histiobranchus bathybius and Simenchelys parasitica and a New Record of H. bathybius from the East Mariana Basin, Western Pacific Ocean
by
Jeonghoon Han, Han-Jun Kim, Byung-Jik Kim, Ji-Yeon Hyeon, Choong Hwan Noh and Young-Ung Choi
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1427; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081427 (registering DOI) - 18 Aug 2024
Abstract
In this study, using Illumina sequencing, we sequenced first the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of two deep-sea eels, Histiobranchus bathybius and Simenchelys parasitica, collected from the East Mariana Basin in the Western Pacific Ocean. The complete length of the H. bathybius and
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In this study, using Illumina sequencing, we sequenced first the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of two deep-sea eels, Histiobranchus bathybius and Simenchelys parasitica, collected from the East Mariana Basin in the Western Pacific Ocean. The complete length of the H. bathybius and S. parasitica mitogenomes were 16,696 and 16,687 bp, respectively, each containing 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes). To enhance the accuracy of the identification of H. bathybius and S. parasitica, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of multiple deep-sea eels based on the mitochondrial DNA gene (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [COI]) using the maximum likelihood method. Our phylogenetic tree analysis confirmed that the specimens collected in this study are congeneric species of H. bathybius and S. parasitica reported in previous studies. Based on these results, we report the first complete mitogenomes of H. bathybius and S. parasitica and a new record for the two species in the East Mariana Basin.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abundance and Diversity of the Sea Fish Community)
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Open AccessArticle
An Analytical Study on the Performance and Feasibility of Converting a Combined Gas or Gas Propulsion System to a Combined Gas Turbine–Electric and Steam System for a Type 22 Frigate
by
Calin Profir, Theodor Mihnea Sirbu, Razvan Edmond Nicoara, Alexandru Hank, Bogdan Catalin Navligu, Cosmin Petru Suciu, Jeni Alina Vilag and Dan Glasberg
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1426; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081426 - 18 Aug 2024
Abstract
A Type 22 Broadsword class of frigate uses a combined gas or gas (COGOG) propulsion system that utilizes four different gas turbines, depending on the mode of operation. Its twin ST40M cruise gas turbines are operational most frequently, and an increase in their
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A Type 22 Broadsword class of frigate uses a combined gas or gas (COGOG) propulsion system that utilizes four different gas turbines, depending on the mode of operation. Its twin ST40M cruise gas turbines are operational most frequently, and an increase in their efficiency would significantly impact fuel usage and ship range. This study evaluates the option to upgrade the cruise gas turbines to a combined gas turbine–electric and steam (COGES) system, which utilizes a steam Rankine cycle to recover energy from the exhaust gases of the gas turbine. An alternative system using hot air is also analyzed for performance comparison. The analysis contains calculations for the energy extraction and dimensions of heat exchangers, for the power extracted from the additional steam or air turbine and for pressure losses of the exhaust gas. Different configurations for the heat exchangers were investigated, as well as various parameters for the steam and hot air. The size and mass of the system were an important aspect of the analysis. It was concluded that an auxiliary system operating at a maximum steam pressure of 20 bar could generate an additional 771 kW of power while adding a mass of 7.4 tons to the frigate. These findings suggest that upgrading to a COGES system could cover the electricity needs of the entire ship and thus reduce the overall fuel consumption, resulting in lower operational costs and less emissions.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Ship Technology Development and Design)
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Open AccessArticle
Numerical Investigation of Aerodynamic Interactions between Rigid Sails Attached to Ship
by
Akane Yasuda, Tomoki Taniguchi and Toru Katayama
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1425; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081425 - 18 Aug 2024
Abstract
As part of the strategy to achieve net-zero Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in international maritime shipping, there is ongoing exploration into the use of wind propulsion systems as auxiliary ship propulsion devices. When considering a rigid sail as the wind propulsion system, evaluating
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As part of the strategy to achieve net-zero Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in international maritime shipping, there is ongoing exploration into the use of wind propulsion systems as auxiliary ship propulsion devices. When considering a rigid sail as the wind propulsion system, evaluating the performance of a single sail is relatively simple. However, assessing the performance of multiple sails is more challenging due to the interference between the sails and between the sails and the hull. In this study, the thrust characteristics of two rigid sails attached to a ship are investigated by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). This includes considering the interference effects between the sails themselves and between the sails and the hull. The research reveals the innovative optimized angle of attack for maximizing thrust under tailwind conditions. At 150° in relative wind direction, the best performance is achieved with a low angle of attack on the fore side sail and a high angle of attack on the aft side sail. At 180° in relative wind direction, a high angle of attack on the fore side sail and a low angle of attack on the aft side sail yield the best results. Here, a “low” angle of attack means that the lift force is greater than the drag force, while a “high” angle of attack means the drag force is greater than the lift force. In this study, the force in the ship’s forward direction is only focused on optimizing the angles of attack of the two sails. However, the side forces caused by the sails are also significant for the ship’s sailing conditions. Therefore, future work will involve optimizing the angles of attack under drifting conditions.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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Open AccessArticle
SICFormer: A 3D-Swin Transformer for Sea Ice Concentration Prediction
by
Zhuoqing Jiang, Bing Guo, Huihui Zhao, Yangming Jiang and Yi Sun
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1424; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081424 - 17 Aug 2024
Abstract
Sea ice concentration (SIC) is an important dimension for characterising the geographical features of the pan-Arctic region. Trends in SIC bring new opportunities for human activities in the Arctic region. In this paper, we propose a deep learning technology-based sea ice concentration prediction
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Sea ice concentration (SIC) is an important dimension for characterising the geographical features of the pan-Arctic region. Trends in SIC bring new opportunities for human activities in the Arctic region. In this paper, we propose a deep learning technology-based sea ice concentration prediction model, SICFormer, which can realise end-to-end daily sea ice concentration prediction. Specifically, the model uses a 3D-Swin Transformer as an encoder and designs a decoder to reconstruct the predicted image based on PixelShuffle. This is a new model architecture that we have proposed. Single-day SIC data from the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) for the years 2006 to 2022 are utilised. The results of 8-day short-term prediction experiments show that the average Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of the SICFormer model on the test set over the 5 years is 1.89%, the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) is 5.99%, the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) is 4.32%, and the Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) is 0.98. Furthermore, the current popular deep learning models for spatio-temporal prediction are employed as a point of comparison given their proven efficacy on numerous public datasets. The comparison experiments show that the SICFormer model achieves the best overall performance.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Earth System Modeling, Data Assimilation, Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning and Ocean Information Engineering II)
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Open AccessArticle
Behavior of PIP Slip Joint in the Offshore Wind Monopile under Combined Load Considering Local Buckling
by
Md Ariful Islam, Sajid Ali, Hongbae Park and Daeyong Lee
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1423; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081423 - 17 Aug 2024
Abstract
Considering the practical conditions, it has been observed that the support structures of wind turbines inevitably experience bending and axial compression, both during the installation phase and throughout their operational lifespan. The monopile is the most commonly utilized support structure for offshore applications
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Considering the practical conditions, it has been observed that the support structures of wind turbines inevitably experience bending and axial compression, both during the installation phase and throughout their operational lifespan. The monopile is the most commonly utilized support structure for offshore applications and a reliable method for creating a detachable section within these structures is using a Pile-in-Pile (PIP) slip joint. Consequently, the behavior of PIP slip joints, under combined axial compression and bending, has been meticulously investigated. To facilitate a thorough analysis, overlapping lengths proportional to the pile diameters have been used, encompassing three distinct variations. This approach allows for a comprehensive understanding of structural integrity and performance under varying stress conditions, which are comprehensively understood and accounted for in design considerations. The current study builds upon assessing the pure bending characteristics of slip joints in cylindrical hollow section (CHS) structures. Additionally, two ring stoppers have been strategically employed inside the piles to withstand the axial load. Furthermore, the complexity of the pressure acting in the overlapping length, attributed to the frictional coefficient in that region, has been carefully addressed. The current research also encompasses a comprehensive overview of the P-M envelopes for the existing arrangements, with a particular focus on non-linear buckling, which is known to significantly influence the performance of tubular structures. Finally, a design equation was introduced to concisely describe the behavior of the components and compare it with other design equations provided by an established code.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Coastal Engineering)
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Open AccessArticle
A New Efficient Ship Detection Method Based on Remote Sensing Images by Device–Cloud Collaboration
by
Tao Liu, Yun Ye, Zhengling Lei, Yuchi Huo, Xiaocai Zhang, Fang Wang, Mei Sha and Huafeng Wu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1422; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081422 - 17 Aug 2024
Abstract
Fast and accurate detection of ship objects in remote sensing images must overcome two critical problems: the complex content of remote sensing images and the large number of small objects reduce ship detection efficiency. In addition, most existing deep learning-based object detection models
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Fast and accurate detection of ship objects in remote sensing images must overcome two critical problems: the complex content of remote sensing images and the large number of small objects reduce ship detection efficiency. In addition, most existing deep learning-based object detection models require vast amounts of computation for training and prediction, making them difficult to deploy on mobile devices. This paper focuses on an efficient and lightweight ship detection model. A new efficient ship detection model based on device–cloud collaboration is proposed, which achieves joint optimization by fusing the semantic segmentation module and the object detection module. We migrate model training, image storage, and semantic segmentation, which require a lot of computational power, to the cloud. For the front end, we design a mask-based detection module that ignores the computation of nonwater regions and reduces the generation and postprocessing time of candidate bounding boxes. In addition, the coordinate attention module and confluence algorithm are introduced to better adapt to the environment with dense small objects and substantial occlusion. Experimental results show that our device–cloud collaborative approach reduces the computational effort while improving the detection speed by 42.6% and also outperforms other methods in terms of detection accuracy and number of parameters.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart and Low Carbon Emission-Oriented Maritime Traffic Management and Controlling)
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Open AccessArticle
Numerical Investigation on the Interaction between a Tsunami-like Solitary Wave and a Monopile on a Sloping Sandy Seabed
by
Wenbo Xie, Qi Zhang, Hao Cai and Miao Fu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1421; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081421 - 17 Aug 2024
Abstract
An integrated numerical model was developed to investigate the interaction between a tsunami-like solitary wave and a monopile on a sloping sandy seabed in this study. The solitary wave motion is governed by the RANS equations with the k-ε turbulence model.
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An integrated numerical model was developed to investigate the interaction between a tsunami-like solitary wave and a monopile on a sloping sandy seabed in this study. The solitary wave motion is governed by the RANS equations with the k-ε turbulence model. The porous sloping sandy seabed is governed by Biot’s equation (u-p approximation). The solitary wave is validated with previous experimental data. Meanwhile, a further comparison of solitary wave scattering by the monopile is carried out to verify the numerical model. Then, the effects of different monopile locations were examined in investigating the solitary wave–monopile interaction problem. The velocity magnitudes and the free-surface elevation changes in the solitary wave around the monopile are investigated at various monopile locations. In addition, the response of the sloping sandy seabed and monopile under the solitary wave are examined. The numerical results demonstrate the accuracy of the current method in simulating solitary waves and wave height variation around monopiles. Wave run-up is observed in front of the monopile, with a high-velocity forward-moving water jet forming behind it. The maximum fluid velocity, wave run-up height in front of the monopile, excess pore water pressure (EPWP), and bending moment of the monopile increase as the monopile approaches the shoreline. However, at the closest location to the shoreline, due to the strong dynamic interaction between the solitary wave and the monopile, significant wave shoaling and breaking are observed, resulting in a slight decrease in the wave force acting on the monopile.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Marine Geomechanics and Geotechnics)
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Open AccessArticle
Characteristics and Mechanisms of Spring Tidal Mixing and Sediment Transport in a Microtidal Funnel-Shaped Estuary
by
Yitong Lin, Dezheng Liu, Mingen Liang, Tao Zhang, Enmao Huang, Zhiyuan Zhu and Liangwen Jia
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1420; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081420 - 17 Aug 2024
Abstract
Information about estuarine mixing and its control of sediment transport is crucial to elucidating the dynamics and evolution of estuaries. Here, the microtidal and funnel-shaped Zhenhai Estuary, located in the southwestern Pearl River Delta of China, is used to investigate the characteristics and
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Information about estuarine mixing and its control of sediment transport is crucial to elucidating the dynamics and evolution of estuaries. Here, the microtidal and funnel-shaped Zhenhai Estuary, located in the southwestern Pearl River Delta of China, is used to investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of water mixing and sediment transport based on observations from three spring tides. The results reveal that the studied estuary remains well mixed during spring tides from 2013–2022 despite its microtidal regime. Tidal stirring, which is enhanced by tidal energy convergence and benefits from the funnel-shaped geometry and shallow bathymetry, favors vertical mixing, contributing to the formation of strong mixing in the estuary. Due to the well-mixed regime, sediment transport in the estuary is dominated by the advective term, followed by a moderate tidal pumping term and minor estuarine circulation term. Accordingly, sediments within the estuary tend to be transported landward owing to the regulation of the funnel-shaped geometry, and a gradual but slow infilling trend is predictable. This paper deepens our understanding of hydrodynamics and sediment transport in microtidal estuaries.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Coastal Engineering)
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Open AccessArticle
Room-Temperature Creep Deformation of a Pressure-Resistant Cylindrical Structure Made of Dissimilar Titanium Alloys
by
Zirui Liu, Fang Wang, Bingxiong Zhao, Jinfei Zhang, Oleg Gaidai, Zhongzhou Sun and Kelin Wang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1419; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081419 - 17 Aug 2024
Abstract
The long-term safety of pressure-resistant structures used in deep-sea equipment may be threatened by creep deformation. The creep deformation behavior of a pressure-resistant structure made of different titanium alloys, Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-4Al-2V, at room temperature is investigated in this research. The kinetics and
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The long-term safety of pressure-resistant structures used in deep-sea equipment may be threatened by creep deformation. The creep deformation behavior of a pressure-resistant structure made of different titanium alloys, Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-4Al-2V, at room temperature is investigated in this research. The kinetics and mechanisms underlying creep deformation in these materials is explained by proposing an improved constitutive model considering the effects of stress level, loading rate and environmental temperature field, offering crucial information for optimizing design parameters and guaranteeing the lifespan of the structure. Model parameters are determined for the two types of titanium alloys based on tensile creep testing results and validated through a simulation of the experimental process. In this study, a material creep model was used to predict the long-term deformation of large pressure-resistant titanium structures to ensure safe long-term operation. The safety factor used in the model is 1.5. Finite element analyses are conducted for the creep behavior of the pressure-resistant structure under real operating circumstances based on the creep constitutive model. The simulation predicts stress distribution, strain evolution, and deformation size over long periods of time by integrating complicated geometries, boundary conditions, and material characteristics. The present research can provide basic information for the local impacts of creep deformation on the inside of facilities, which helps refine design strategies to reduce possible damage risks.
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(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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Open AccessArticle
Wave–Induced Soil Dynamics and Shear Failure Potential around a Sandbar
by
Ning Chen, Linlong Tong, Jisheng Zhang, Yakun Guo, Bo Liu and Zhipeng Zhou
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1418; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081418 - 17 Aug 2024
Abstract
Sandbars are commonly encountered in coastal environments, acting as natural protections during storm events. However, the sandbar response to waves and possible shear failure is poorly understood. In this research, a two–dimensional numerical model is settled to simulate the wave-induced sandbar soil dynamics
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Sandbars are commonly encountered in coastal environments, acting as natural protections during storm events. However, the sandbar response to waves and possible shear failure is poorly understood. In this research, a two–dimensional numerical model is settled to simulate the wave-induced sandbar soil dynamics and instability mechanism. The model, which is based upon the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and Biot’s consolidation theory, is validated using available experiments. Parametric studies are then conducted to appraise the impact of the wave parameters and soil properties on soil dynamics. Results indicate that the vertical distribution of the maximum vertical effective stress in the sandbar is different from that in the flat seabed, which decreases rapidly along the soil depth and then increases gradually. The impact of soil permeability and saturation on the vertical effective stress distribution around the sandbar also differ from that in the flat seabed. Unlike the flat seabed, the vertical distribution of shear stress in the sandbar increases with an increasing wave period. The sandbar soil shear failure potential is discussed based upon the Mohr–Coulomb criterion. Results show that the range of shear failure around the sandbar is wider and the depth is deeper when the wave trough arrives.
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(This article belongs to the Section Coastal Engineering)
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Open AccessArticle
Optimization of Sailing Speed for Inland Electric Ships Based on an Improved Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) Algorithm
by
Kang Zhang , Chenguang Liu , Zhibo He , Huimin Chen , Qian Xiang and Xiumin Chu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1417; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081417 - 17 Aug 2024
Abstract
Sailing speed is a critical factor affecting the ship’s energy consumption and operating costs for a voyage. Inland waterways present a complex navigation environment due to their narrow channels, numerous curved segments, and significant variations in water depth and flow speed. This paper
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Sailing speed is a critical factor affecting the ship’s energy consumption and operating costs for a voyage. Inland waterways present a complex navigation environment due to their narrow channels, numerous curved segments, and significant variations in water depth and flow speed. This paper constructs a model of a ship’s energy consumption based on an analysis of ship resistance and the energy transfer relationship of ships. The K-means clustering algorithm is introduced to divide the Yangtze River waterway into multiple segments based on the similarity of navigation environments. Considering the constraints of the ship’s main engine and the desired arrival time, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm, improved with cosine decreasing inertial weight and Gaussian random mutation, is employed to optimize segmented navigation speeds to achieve different goals. Finally, four cases are studied with a fully electric ship navigating the reaches of the Yangtze River. The results indicate that the optimized speed can reduce ship energy consumption by up to 6.18% and significantly reduce ship energy consumption and operational costs under different conditions.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications in Intelligent Ship Navigation)
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Open AccessArticle
Comparative Study on the Performances of a Hinged Flap-Type Wave Energy Converter Considering Both Fixed and Floating Bases
by
Mingsheng Chen, Qihao Yun, Thiago S. Hallak, Hao Zhou, Kai Zhang, Yi Yang, Tao Tao, Shi Liu, Wei Jiang and Changjie Li
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1416; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081416 - 17 Aug 2024
Abstract
The dynamical modeling and power optimization of floating wind–wave platforms, especially in regard to configurations based on constrained floating multi-body systems, lack in-depth systematic investigation. In this study, a floating wind-flap platform consisting of a flap-type wave energy converter and a floating offshore
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The dynamical modeling and power optimization of floating wind–wave platforms, especially in regard to configurations based on constrained floating multi-body systems, lack in-depth systematic investigation. In this study, a floating wind-flap platform consisting of a flap-type wave energy converter and a floating offshore wind turbine is solved in the frequency domain considering the mechanical and hydrodynamic couplings of floating multi-body geometries and a model that suits the constraints of the hinge connection, which can accurately calculate the frequency domain dynamic response of the flap-type WEC. The results are compared with bottom-fixed flap-type wave energy converters in the absence of coupling with a floating wind platform. Moreover, combined with traditional optimization methods of power take-off systems for wave energy conversion, an optimization method is developed to suit the requirements of floating wind-flap platform configurations. The results are drawn for a specific operation site in the South China Sea, whereas a sensitivity analysis of the parameters is performed. It is found that the floating wind-flap platform has better wave energy absorption performance in the low-frequency range than the bottom-fixed flap-type wave energy converter; the average power generation in the low-frequency range can increase by up to 150 kW, mainly due to constructive hydrodynamic interactions, though it significantly fluctuates from the sea waves’ frequency range to the high-frequency range. Based on spectral analysis, operational results are drawn for irregular sea states, and the expected power for both types of flap-type WECs is around 30 kW, which points to a similar wave energy absorption performance when comparing the bottom-fixed flap with the flap within the hybrid configuration.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Offshore Renewable Energy, Second Edition)
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