Magnetic (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles Reduce Heavy Metals Uptake and Mitigate Their Toxicity in Wheat Seedling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Nano-Fe3O4, Heavy Metals and Plant
2.2. Characterization of Nano-Fe3O4
2.3. Preparation of NPs Suspensions and Heavy Metal Solutions
2.4. Seedling Exposure
2.4.1. Effects of Nano-Fe3O4 and Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu) on Seedling Growth
2.4.2. Effects of Nano-Fe3O4 on the Reducing Heavy Metal-Induced Root Growth Inhibition and Their Accumulation in Seedling
2.4.3. Effects of Nano-Fe3O4 on Reducing the Oxidative Stress Induced by Heavy Metals in the Wheat Seedlings
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Lipid Peroxidation Assays
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Nano-Fe3O4
3.2. Effects of Nano-Fe3O4 and Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu) on Seedling Growth
3.3. Effects of Nano-Fe3O4 on Reducing Root Growth Inhibition Induced by Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu)
3.4. Effect of Nano-Fe3O4 on Heavy Metals Accumulation in Wheat Seedlings
3.5. Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Lipid Peroxidation Assays
3.5.1. Effects of Heavy Metals on Antioxidative Enzyme Activity and MDA Content
3.5.2. Alleviation of Oxidative Stress Induced by Heavy Metals in Wheat Seedlings by Nano-Fe3O4
3.6. Adsorbent Studies of Magnetic (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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NPs or Heavy Metals | Concentration | Seedlings Viability (%) | Inhibition (%) | Root Length (cm) | Inhibition (%) | Shoot Length (cm) | Inhibition (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H20 | 0 | 100 a | 0 | 10.93 ± 2.29 a | 0 | 7.03 ± 1.61 a | 0 |
Nano-Fe3O4 | 2000 mg/L | 100 a | 0 | 11.32 ± 2.02 a | –3.56816 | 8.03 ± 1.85 a | –14.22 |
Pb | 92.5 a | 7.5 | 3.01 ± 1.01 b | 72.46 | 4.06 ± 0.71 b | 42.24 | |
Zn | 97.5a | 2.5 | 4.06 ± 1 b | 62.85 | 5.11 ± 0.79 b | 27.31 | |
Cd | 1 mM | 60 b | 40 | 1.62 ± 0.40 b | 85.17 | 2.14 ± 0.23 b | 69.55 |
Cu | 87.5 b | 12.5 | 2.33 ± 1.39 b | 78.77 | 3.14 ± 0.64 b | 55.33 | |
Pb | 17.5 b | 82.5 | 1.51 ± 0.77 b | 83.53 | 1.61 ± 0.45 b | 77.09 | |
Zn | 77.5 b | 22.5 | 1.64 ± 0.74 b | 84.99 | 2.06 ± 0.50 b | 70.69 | |
Cd | 10 mM | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Cu | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Heavy Metals | Heavy Metal Concentrations (mg.kg-1) in Seedlings | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Shoot | Root | |||
Heavy Metals | Heavy Metals + NPs | Heavy Metals | Heavy Metals + NPs | |
Pb | 13.1 ± 3.66 a | 10.7 ± 1.37 a | 808.5 ± 41.72 a | 371.5 ± 72.29 b |
Zn | 39.2 ± 9.04 a | 34.7 ± 3.35 a | 238.8 ± 43.99 a | 181.6 ± 18.42 b |
Cd | 7.3 ± 0.92 a | 0.030 ± 0.003 b | 139.8 ± 23.40 a | 48.2 ± 5.91 b |
Cu | 6.0 ± 0.66 a | 2.8 ± 0.5 b | 109.7 ± 17.39 a | 34.4 ± 5.90 b |
Heavy Metals | Time | Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu Contents (mg/L) | |
---|---|---|---|
Heavy Metals | Metals + Nano-Fe3O4 | ||
1 d | 123.43 ± 4.22 | 1.77 ± 0.53 | |
Cd | 2 d | 121.6 ± 1.08 | 1.18 ± 0.2 |
5 d | 118.27 ± 1.05 a | 0.44 ± 0.14 b | |
1 d | 68 ± 0.07 | 5.74 ± 1.61 | |
Zn | 2 d | 70.42 ± 0.21 | 1.46 ± 0.26 |
5 d | 70.61 ± 1.38 a | 0.98 ± 0.14 b | |
1 d | 126.9 ± 0.62 | 0.1 ± 0.02 | |
Pb | 2 d | 130.87 ± 0.47 | 0.1 ± 0.07 |
5 d | 129.37 ± 0.81 a | 0.05 ± 0.01 b | |
1 d | 68.92 ± 0.32 | 1.51 ± 0.4 | |
Cu | 2 d | 70.63 | 0.34 ± 0.08 |
5 d | 71.01 a | 0.22 ± 001 b |
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Konate, A.; He, X.; Zhang, Z.; Ma, Y.; Zhang, P.; Alugongo, G.M.; Rui, Y. Magnetic (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles Reduce Heavy Metals Uptake and Mitigate Their Toxicity in Wheat Seedling. Sustainability 2017, 9, 790. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9050790
Konate A, He X, Zhang Z, Ma Y, Zhang P, Alugongo GM, Rui Y. Magnetic (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles Reduce Heavy Metals Uptake and Mitigate Their Toxicity in Wheat Seedling. Sustainability. 2017; 9(5):790. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9050790
Chicago/Turabian StyleKonate, Alexandre, Xiao He, Zhiyong Zhang, Yuhui Ma, Peng Zhang, Gibson Maswayi Alugongo, and Yukui Rui. 2017. "Magnetic (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles Reduce Heavy Metals Uptake and Mitigate Their Toxicity in Wheat Seedling" Sustainability 9, no. 5: 790. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9050790