Numerical Analysis of Convective Mass Transfer during Multi-Droplet Impingement on a Structured Surface in the Presence of an Adhered Liquid Film—An Application to Spray Etching of PCBs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Model
2.1. Computational Domain
2.2. Material Properties
2.3. Impingement Conditions
2.4. Governing Equations
2.5. Computation Schemes
2.6. Passive Tracer Tracking
3. Results
3.1. Film Dynamics on Droplet Impingement
3.2. Convective Mass Transfer Rate
3.3. Tracer Decay
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Value |
---|---|
domain height | 3 mm |
domain width | 3 mm |
cavity height | 15 µm |
cavity width | 50 µm |
spacing between cavities | 50 µm |
Property | Symbol | Value |
---|---|---|
density (air) | 1.225 kg m−3 | |
density (etching solution) | 1245 kg m−3 | |
viscosity (air) | 1.7894 × 10−5 kg m−1 s−1 | |
viscosity (etching solution) | 1.2675 × 10−3 kg m−1 s−1 | |
surface tension | 0.0675 N m−1 |
Quantity | Symbol | Value |
---|---|---|
droplet release rate | 1000 Hz | |
droplet release interval | 0.001 s | |
droplet diameter | 150 µm | |
droplet velocity | 2.5 m/s, 5 m/s | |
film height | 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm | |
dimensionless film height | 1.67, 3.33 | |
droplet Reynolds number | 368.34, 736.69 | |
Weber number | 17.29, 69.17 | |
impact force | 5.50 µN, 11.00 µN |
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Eßl, W.; Reiss, G.; Raninger, P.; Ecker, W.; Körbler, N.; Gerold, E.; Antrekowitsch, H.; Klocek, J.; Krivec, T. Numerical Analysis of Convective Mass Transfer during Multi-Droplet Impingement on a Structured Surface in the Presence of an Adhered Liquid Film—An Application to Spray Etching of PCBs. Fluids 2023, 8, 180. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8060180
Eßl W, Reiss G, Raninger P, Ecker W, Körbler N, Gerold E, Antrekowitsch H, Klocek J, Krivec T. Numerical Analysis of Convective Mass Transfer during Multi-Droplet Impingement on a Structured Surface in the Presence of an Adhered Liquid Film—An Application to Spray Etching of PCBs. Fluids. 2023; 8(6):180. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8060180
Chicago/Turabian StyleEßl, Werner, Georg Reiss, Peter Raninger, Werner Ecker, Nadine Körbler, Eva Gerold, Helmut Antrekowitsch, Jolanta Klocek, and Thomas Krivec. 2023. "Numerical Analysis of Convective Mass Transfer during Multi-Droplet Impingement on a Structured Surface in the Presence of an Adhered Liquid Film—An Application to Spray Etching of PCBs" Fluids 8, no. 6: 180. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8060180