Impact of Climate Change on Fungal Population and Mycotoxins
A topical collection in Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651). This collection belongs to the section "Mycotoxins".
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Editors
Dr. Felipe Penagos-Tabares
Dr. Felipe Penagos-Tabares
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Guest Editor
1. CIBAV Research Group, Veterinary Medicine School, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín 050034, Colombia
2. Agromed Austria GmbH, 4550 Kremsmünster, Austria
3. PatentCo., 24 211 Mišićevo, Serbia
Interests: mycotoxin risk assessmen; feed and food safety; toxicology; animal nutrition; feed contaminants
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Krska
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Krska
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Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), 3430 Tulln, Austria
2. Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK
3. Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation (FFoQSI GmbH), Tulln, Austria
Interests: analytical determination of mycotoxins and analytes in feeds; foods and biological matrices; food toxicology; bioanalytics; global food security
Topical Collection Information
Dear Colleagues,
In a world with an ever-growing population, climate change threatens the food supply from several fronts. The climate is crucial in driving the structures of the fungal community and the mycotoxin contamination levels pre- and post-harvest. Long-term shifts in the temperature and the increased frequency of extreme weather events can impact plant–fungi (symbiotic or parasitic) interactions, with the possibility of higher levels and/or uncommon patterns of co-occurring mycotoxins. It is essential to explore the effects of geo-climatic patterns (such as geographic location, temperature, humidity, and rainfall, among others) on the occurrence of mycotoxins and other secondary fungal metabolites in feeds and foods along supply chains.
This Special Issue intends to support the divulgation of studies exploring the role of climate change and its related parameters in fungi growth, proliferation, and toxicogenesis in crops, as well as the feeds and foods produced thereof.
We invite our colleagues exploring this field to share their valuable investigations on toxins and contribute new data on this scarcely explored, but highly relevant, area.
Dr. Felipe Penagos-Tabares
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Krska
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- mycotoxins
- climate change
- temperature
- humidity
- rainfall
- fungal biology
- fungal community
- toxigenic fungi
- drought stress
Published Papers (2 papers)
Open AccessArticle
Three Ecological Models to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Trichoderma spp. for Suppressing Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus
by
Nataliia Voloshchuk, Zilfa Irakoze, Seogchan Kang, Joshua J. Kellogg and Josephine Wee
Viewed by 885
Abstract
Chemical pesticides help reduce crop loss during production and storage. However, the carbon footprints and ecological costs associated with this strategy are unsustainable. Here, we used three in vitro models to characterize how different
Trichoderma species interact with two aflatoxin producers,
Aspergillus flavus
[...] Read more.
Chemical pesticides help reduce crop loss during production and storage. However, the carbon footprints and ecological costs associated with this strategy are unsustainable. Here, we used three in vitro models to characterize how different
Trichoderma species interact with two aflatoxin producers,
Aspergillus flavus and
Aspergillus parasiticus, to help develop a climate-resilient biological control strategy against aflatoxigenic
Aspergillus species. The growth rate of
Trichoderma species is a critical factor in suppressing aflatoxigenic strains via physical interactions. The dual plate assay suggests that
Trichoderma mainly suppresses
A. flavus via antibiosis, whereas the suppression of
A. parasiticus occurs through mycoparasitism. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by
Trichoderma inhibited the growth of
A. parasiticus (34.6 ± 3.3%) and
A. flavus (20.9 ± 1.6%). The VOCs released by
T. asperellum BTU and
T. harzianum OSK-34 were most effective in suppressing
A. flavus growth. Metabolites secreted by
T. asperellum OSK-38,
T. asperellum BTU,
T. virens OSK-13, and
T. virens OSK-36 reduced the growth of both aflatoxigenic species. Overall,
T. asperellum BTU was the most effective at suppressing the growth and aflatoxin B1 production of both species across all models. This work will guide efforts to screen for effective biological control agents to mitigate aflatoxin accumulation.
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Open AccessArticle
Effects of Climate Change on Areas Suitable for Maize Cultivation and Aflatoxin Contamination in Europe
by
Marlous Focker, Michiel van Eupen, Peter Verweij, Cheng Liu, Charlotte van Haren and H. J. van der Fels-Klerx
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1956
Abstract
The climate is changing in Europe: average temperatures are increasing, and so is the frequency of extreme weather events. Climate change has a severe impact on areas suitable for growing certain crops and on food safety, for example, affecting the occurrence of the
[...] Read more.
The climate is changing in Europe: average temperatures are increasing, and so is the frequency of extreme weather events. Climate change has a severe impact on areas suitable for growing certain crops and on food safety, for example, affecting the occurrence of the aflatoxin contamination of maize. The aim of this study was to obtain insights into the impact of climate change on possible changes in land use in Europe, particularly in areas suitable for maize cultivation, and on the probability of the mycotoxin contamination of maize in order to give directions for long-term adaptation to climate change. By combining a land use model and a mycotoxin prediction model, the suitability of land for maize cultivation and the probability of aflatoxin contamination were estimated for suitable areas in Europe, comparing the current climate with the 2050 scenario. In 2050, the occurrence of aflatoxin contamination in Europe is predicted to severely increase, especially in Central and Southern Europe. More northern regions, presently unsuitable for maize cultivation, will become suitable for maize cultivation in 2050. In the baseline scenario, most regions suitable for maize cultivation have a low probability of aflatoxin contamination, whereas in 2050, about half of the regions suitable for maize cultivation have a medium to high probability of aflatoxin contamination. Regions for safely growing maize for human consumption will shift from the southern to the northern half of Europe.
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