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Search Results (7,195)

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3454 KiB  
Article
Abbauprodukte von Amiloridhydrochlorid
by Klaus Görlitzer, Silke Huth, Edith Gößnitzer and Winfried Wendelin
Sci. Pharm. 2004, 72(2), 109-120; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-04-10 - 1 Jun 2004
Viewed by 1357
Abstract
Erhitzen von Amiloridhydrochlorid (1 Hcl) in Acetatpuffer pH 4.6 führte zu Amiloridacetat (1AcOH), dem Pyrazindiamin 6 und dem Acylureid 7. Das Pteridinon 3 wurde beim Erhitzen von 1Hcl in DMF unter Rückfluß erhalten. Full article
3490 KiB  
Article
Medicinal used plants from lndia: analysis of the essential oil of air-dried Biophvtum sensitivum (L.) DC.
by Leopold Jirovetz, Gerhard Buchbauer, Andrea Wobus, Mohamed P. Shafi and Beena Jose
Sci. Pharm. 2004, 72(1), 87-96; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-04-08 - 17 Mar 2004
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 1739
Abstract
The essential oil of the air-dried plant Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. (Oxalidaceae) from Southern lndia was investigated by gas chromatographic-spectroscopic (GC-FID and GC-MS) and olfactoric methods to identify compounds responsible for the characteristic odor as well as partly for the folk medicinal use [...] Read more.
The essential oil of the air-dried plant Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. (Oxalidaceae) from Southern lndia was investigated by gas chromatographic-spectroscopic (GC-FID and GC-MS) and olfactoric methods to identify compounds responsible for the characteristic odor as well as partly for the folk medicinal use of this plant. Especially benzene derivatives, such as 1,4-dimethoxy benzene (24.9%), 1,2-dimethoxy benzene (10.6%) and 2-methoxy-4-methyl phenol (3.5%), the monoterpenes (Z)-linalool oxide (8.1%), (E)-linalool oxide (5.2%) and linalyl acetate (3.4%) as well as l-octen-3-ol (9.5%) and isophorone (3.1%) were found to be main constituents (concentrations higher than 3%, calculated as relative %-peak area of GC-FID analysis using an apolar column) of this essential oil, with totally 69 compounds identified. In addition, the odor impression of the sample is described and the possible biological activity of single volatiles discussed. Full article
1719 KiB  
Article
Influence of Lipophilicity on the Antimycobacterial Activity of the Hydrochlorides of Piperidinylethyl Esters of Ortho-Substituted Phenylcarbamic Acids
by K. Waisser, K. Dražková, J. Čižmárik and J. Kaustová
Sci. Pharm. 2004, 72(1), 43-49; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-04-05 - 11 Mar 2004
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1220
Abstract
A series of 14 hydrochlorides of piperidinylethyl esters of orthosubstituted phenylcarbamic acids were evaluated for in vitro antimycobacterial activity against the strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobactenum kansasii and Mycobactenum avium. In vitro antimycobacterial activrty becomes higher with increasing hydrophobicity of the [...] Read more.
A series of 14 hydrochlorides of piperidinylethyl esters of orthosubstituted phenylcarbamic acids were evaluated for in vitro antimycobacterial activity against the strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobactenum kansasii and Mycobactenum avium. In vitro antimycobacterial activrty becomes higher with increasing hydrophobicity of the substituents. The alkoxy group is not necessary in order for the basic ethyl esters of phenylcarbamic acids to display antimycobacterial activity. Full article
2950 KiB  
Article
Alpha amylase inhibitory activitv of some plant extracts with hyporrlycemic activity
by Rawand S. Abu Soud, Lmad I. Hamdan and Fatma U. Afifi
Sci. Pharm. 2004, 72(1), 25-33; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-04-03 - 6 Mar 2004
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 2344
Abstract
Thirteen plant species which are claimed to have anti-diabetic activity (based on folk medicine and/or scientific reports) were tested for alpha amylase inhibitory activity. Two of the screened plants exhibited significant (more than 80%) alpha amylase inhibitory activity. lC50 of these plants [...] Read more.
Thirteen plant species which are claimed to have anti-diabetic activity (based on folk medicine and/or scientific reports) were tested for alpha amylase inhibitory activity. Two of the screened plants exhibited significant (more than 80%) alpha amylase inhibitory activity. lC50 of these plants was estimated based on the dried crude extract and found to be 0.08, and 0.2 mg/ml for Aloe vera and Paronychia argentea respectively. In A. vera the activity was most likely due to cinnamic acid derivatives. In P. argentea the activity was attributed to flavonoid components. These findings support the hypoglycemic activity of these species and give insight about the potential mechanism of their hypoglycemic activity. Full article
7090 KiB  
Article
Development of Buccoadhesive Systems of Pentarocine for Systemic Drug Delivery
by D. Sampathkumar, M. Thilek Kumar, J. Balasubrarnaniam and J. K. Pandit
Sci. Pharm. 2003, 71(4), 281-301; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-03-25 - 15 Oct 2003
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1160
Abstract
Bucoadhesive patches of Pentazocine (PZ) for unidirectional drug delivery were prepared by casting carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) with glycerol or propylene glycol and CMC-hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HEC) with glycerol. In vitro mucoadhesivity of the prepared patches were determined using a modified mucoadhesive bond [...] Read more.
Bucoadhesive patches of Pentazocine (PZ) for unidirectional drug delivery were prepared by casting carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) with glycerol or propylene glycol and CMC-hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HEC) with glycerol. In vitro mucoadhesivity of the prepared patches were determined using a modified mucoadhesive bond strength apparatus using rabbit small intestine mucosa (SIM). Drug release kinetics was evaluated from composite patches, prepared by covering all but one side of the PZ patches with 3M backing material. Biocompatability / buccoadhesion time and in vivo permeation of placebo and PZ loaded patches were determined using a double blind cross over study in healthy human volunteers. Drug release from CMC-glycerol patches and pure HEC patches showed zero order kinetics with diffusional exponent (n) ranging between 0.79 to 1.046, while that from CMC-HEC and CMC-propylene glycol patches showed an apparent zero order release kinetics. The prepared patches were well tolerated by the human volunteers as they did not produce any side effects at the contact surface. The in vitro mucoadhesivity of CMC-propylene glycol patches were significantly lower than CMC- glycerol based patches. The in vivo permeation of selected PZ patches delivered the drug well above the minimum buccal permeation rate, so as to attain effective blood concentration Full article
616 KiB  
Review
Plasmid-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella enterica
by Alessandra Carattoli
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2003, 5(4), 113-122; https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.005.113 - 1 Oct 2003
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1541
Abstract
The selective pressure imposed by the use of antimicrobials in both human and veterinary medicine promotes the spread of multiple antimicrobial resistance. The dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica strains, causing severe enteritis in human, has been reported worldwide and is largely [...] Read more.
The selective pressure imposed by the use of antimicrobials in both human and veterinary medicine promotes the spread of multiple antimicrobial resistance. The dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica strains, causing severe enteritis in human, has been reported worldwide and is largely attributed to conjugative DNA exchange. In the present review, the relevance of plasmids to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in S. enterica is discussed. Recent examples of plasmid-mediated resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins are reported to illustrate the severity of current situation in enteric pathogens. The exchanges between plasmid(s) and the bacterial chromosome and the integration of resistance genes into specialised genetic elements, called integrons, play a major role in acquisition and dissemination of resistance genes. The evolution of a plasmid through the acquisition of integrons is reported, describing novel mechanisms for short-term accumulation of resistance determinants in plasmids circulating in Salmonella. Full article
2755 KiB  
Article
Medicinal used plants from India: analysis of the essential oils of Sphaeranthus indicus flowers, roots and stems with leaves
by L. Jirovetz, G. Buchbauer, M. Shahabi, P. M. Shafi and K. R. Rajeeve
Sci. Pharm. 2003, 71(3), 251-259; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-03-23 - 10 Sep 2003
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1258
Abstract
The essential oils of flowers, roots and herb (stems with leaves) of Sphaeranthus indicus Kurz. (Asteraceae) from southern India were investigated by gas chromatographic-spectroscopic (GC-FID and GC-MS) and olfactoric methods to identify those compounds responsible for the characteristic odor as well as partly [...] Read more.
The essential oils of flowers, roots and herb (stems with leaves) of Sphaeranthus indicus Kurz. (Asteraceae) from southern India were investigated by gas chromatographic-spectroscopic (GC-FID and GC-MS) and olfactoric methods to identify those compounds responsible for the characteristic odor as well as partly for the folk medicinal use of this plant. More than 95 volatiles were found to be constituents of the three essential S. indicus oils with following composition of main components: flower oil: β-eudesmol (21.4%), 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (16.2%), β-caryophyllene (7.8%), τ-cadinol (7.2%). caryophyllene oxide (6.9%) and α-eudesmol (4.5%); root oil: 2,5-dimethoxy-pcymene (28.3%), τ-cadinol (25.3%), (2)-arteannuic alcohol (10.1 %), β-maaliene (3.9%) and caryophyllene oxide (3.1%); herb oil: 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (27.0%), τ-cadinol (12.5%), β-eudesmol (9.1 %), α-eudesmol (7.0%) and caroyphyllene oxide (4.7%). In addition, the odor impressions of the samples are described and the possible use of the essential Sphaeranthus indicus oils in medicinal, cosmetic and food flavoring discussed. Full article
2321 KiB  
Article
Contribution to the Analysis of the Volatile Constituents from some Lavender and Lavandin Cultivars Grown in Greece
by Paschalina S. Chakopoulou, Apostolos H. Goliaris and S. T. Katsiotis
Sci. Pharm. 2003, 71(3), 229-234; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-03-21 - 1 Aug 2003
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 1399
Abstract
The essential oils of Lavandula angustifolia and the Lavandin hybrids "super" and "special" grown in Greece, were studied in order to evaluate their quality as far as the correlation of their essential oil composition. The essential oil yields were [...] Read more.
The essential oils of Lavandula angustifolia and the Lavandin hybrids "super" and "special" grown in Greece, were studied in order to evaluate their quality as far as the correlation of their essential oil composition. The essential oil yields were determined to 4.4%, 7.5% and 8.5% in the lavandula and lavandin "super" and "special" hybrids respectively. Fifty-nine constituents were identiiied representing the 99% of the oils. The qualitative analysis of the oils was carried out by GCIMS and revealed that linalool and linalylacetate were the predominant constituents. Remarkable differences were noticed between the camphor percentages among them (11.35% and 5.03% for the "super " and "special" respectively). Full article
107 KiB  
Short Note
2-(2´-Hydroxybenzoyl)pyrrole N-Benzoylhydrazone
by Antigoni Kotali
Molbank 2003, 2003(4), M351; https://doi.org/10.3390/M351 - 28 Jun 2003
Viewed by 2613
Abstract
In continuation of our interest in using o-hydroxyaryl ketone hydrazones as starting materials in organic synthesis [1], we synthesised 2-(2´-hydroxybenzoyl)pyrrole N-benzoylhydrazone.[...] Full article
87 KiB  
Short Note
1-(o-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropenone N-Benzoylhydrazone
by Antigoni Kotali
Molbank 2003, 2003(4), M350; https://doi.org/10.3390/M350 - 28 Jun 2003
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2571 | Correction
Abstract
As part of a research programme targeting novel molecules derived from o-hydroxyaryl ketone hydrazones[1,2], we synthesised 2,2´-dihydroxybenzophenone N-carbonylethoxyhydrazone.[...] Full article
108 KiB  
Short Note
1-(o-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropenone N-Benzoylhydrazone
by Antigoni Kotali and Ioannis S. Lafazanis
Molbank 2003, 2003(4), M349; https://doi.org/10.3390/M349 - 28 Jun 2003
Viewed by 2819
Abstract
As part of a research programme targeting novel molecules derived from o-hydroxyaryl ketone hydrazones[1], we synthesised 1-(o-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropenone N-benzoylhydrazone.[...] Full article
3950 KiB  
Article
Analysis of flavonoids in Achillea nobilis L. bv capillarv electrophoresis
by Elke Marchart, Almut Hattenberger, Liselotte Krenn and Brigitte Kopp
Sci. Pharm. 2003, 71(2), 133-145; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-03-15 - 15 Jun 2003
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1043
Abstract
The separation and quantification of the flavonoids occurring in Achillea nobilis L. by a CE-method is described. Using 20 mM sodium borate at pH 9.5 with 20 % of methanol as buffer, the flavonoids were sufficiently separated within 11 minutes. Kaempferol-7-O-neohesperidoside was used [...] Read more.
The separation and quantification of the flavonoids occurring in Achillea nobilis L. by a CE-method is described. Using 20 mM sodium borate at pH 9.5 with 20 % of methanol as buffer, the flavonoids were sufficiently separated within 11 minutes. Kaempferol-7-O-neohesperidoside was used as internal standard for the quantification. Analysis of six different samples showed the flavon-C-glycosides isoorientin, orientin and vitexin as the characteristic main compounds. The contents of flavon-C-glycosides determined by this CE-method correlated with the results achieved by a spectrophotometric determination. Full article
3547 KiB  
Article
Lacking of efflux mechanism in clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aerupinosa highly resistant to β-Lactams And imimnem
by Ashraf. A. Kadry
Sci. Pharm. 2003, 71(2), 89-100; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-03-10 - 4 May 2003
Viewed by 978
Abstract
In this investigation, the isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis was highly resistant to β-lactarns and β-lactamase inhibitors. The resistant determinants of clinical isolate to imipenem, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefepime were conjugally non-transfer. The slow or non-enzymatically mediated breakdown of imipenem and [...] Read more.
In this investigation, the isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis was highly resistant to β-lactarns and β-lactamase inhibitors. The resistant determinants of clinical isolate to imipenem, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefepime were conjugally non-transfer. The slow or non-enzymatically mediated breakdown of imipenem and other broad spectrum p-lactams suggest the resistance of P.aeruginosa isolate to these drugs might be attributed to either permeability or efflux. Impaired penetration of imipenem and other p-lactams through the membrane was detected by a diminished expression of outer membrane (OM) proteins of approximate weight of 46 and 39 Kdal, matched to Opr D and OprF, respectively. Efflux resistance mechanism for meropenem and p-lactams has been ruled out since the isolate failed to express outer membrane protein of about 50 Kdal, which is matched to Opr M protein channel. Thus, reduced permeability in the clinical isolate may be the main mechanism conferring resistance against p-lactarns including imipenem. Full article
157 KiB  
Short Note
3b-O-trans-Ferulyl-2a,19a-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic Acid, A ew Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester from Rubus aleaefolius, Which Inhibits Mammalian Cell Cycle at G2/M phase
by Qing-Chun Zhao, Cheng-Bin Cui, Bing Cai, Xin-Sheng Yao and Hiroyouki Osada
Molbank 2003, 2003(3), M328; https://doi.org/10.3390/M328 - 3 May 2003
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4026
Abstract
Continuing our studies on bioactive constituents of Rubus aleaefolius Poir. (family Rosacae) [1,2], we report here a new pentacyclic triterpene ester, 3b-O-trans-ferulyl-2a,19a-dihydroxy-urs-12-en- 28-oic acid (1) from Rubus aleaefolius Poir., which inhibits mammalian cell cycle at G2/M phase.[...] Full article
143 KiB  
Short Note
3a,23-O-Isopropylidenyl-2a,19a-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid, A New Pentacyclic Triterpene Isolated from Rubus aleaefolius as a New Cell Cycle Inhibitor
by Qing-Chun Zhao, Cheng-Bin Cui, Bing Cai, Xin-Sheng Yao and Hiroyouki Osada
Molbank 2003, 2003(3), M327; https://doi.org/10.3390/M327 - 3 May 2003
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3775
Abstract
Recently we have reported [1] six new cell cycle inhibitors belonging to plant polyphenolics from Rubus aleaefolius Poir. (family Rosacae), the source plant of a traditional Chinese medicine Cuye Xuangouzi, which is used also as a folk medicine to cure certain cancers [...] Read more.
Recently we have reported [1] six new cell cycle inhibitors belonging to plant polyphenolics from Rubus aleaefolius Poir. (family Rosacae), the source plant of a traditional Chinese medicine Cuye Xuangouzi, which is used also as a folk medicine to cure certain cancers in partial area of China.[...] Full article
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