PreprintArticleVersion 2Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Adaptive, Resilient Urban Underground Space (UUS)-Subsidence and Economic Impact Spatial Planning Model (USEM): The Extent Development Impact via Cause-Effect and Spatiotemporal Analyses Circa 1960-2020-2050 in Shanghai Megacity
Version 1
: Received: 30 December 2021 / Approved: 31 December 2021 / Online: 31 December 2021 (11:00:16 CET)
Version 2
: Received: 20 February 2023 / Approved: 20 February 2023 / Online: 20 February 2023 (13:02:01 CET)
How to cite:
Hishammuddin, M. A. H. B.; Wang, J.; Bin Ismail, M. A.; Yang, T.; Huang, X.; Abidin, H. Z.; Sabri, S.; Ho, C. S.; Kanniah, K. D.; Wong, K. Y. Adaptive, Resilient Urban Underground Space (UUS)-Subsidence and Economic Impact Spatial Planning Model (USEM): The Extent Development Impact via Cause-Effect and Spatiotemporal Analyses Circa 1960-2020-2050 in Shanghai Megacity. Preprints2021, 2021120505. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202112.0505.v2
Hishammuddin, M. A. H. B.; Wang, J.; Bin Ismail, M. A.; Yang, T.; Huang, X.; Abidin, H. Z.; Sabri, S.; Ho, C. S.; Kanniah, K. D.; Wong, K. Y. Adaptive, Resilient Urban Underground Space (UUS)-Subsidence and Economic Impact Spatial Planning Model (USEM): The Extent Development Impact via Cause-Effect and Spatiotemporal Analyses Circa 1960-2020-2050 in Shanghai Megacity. Preprints 2021, 2021120505. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202112.0505.v2
Hishammuddin, M. A. H. B.; Wang, J.; Bin Ismail, M. A.; Yang, T.; Huang, X.; Abidin, H. Z.; Sabri, S.; Ho, C. S.; Kanniah, K. D.; Wong, K. Y. Adaptive, Resilient Urban Underground Space (UUS)-Subsidence and Economic Impact Spatial Planning Model (USEM): The Extent Development Impact via Cause-Effect and Spatiotemporal Analyses Circa 1960-2020-2050 in Shanghai Megacity. Preprints2021, 2021120505. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202112.0505.v2
APA Style
Hishammuddin, M. A. H. B., Wang, J., Bin Ismail, M. A., Yang, T., Huang, X., Abidin, H. Z., Sabri, S., Ho, C. S., Kanniah, K. D., & Wong, K. Y. (2023). Adaptive, Resilient Urban Underground Space (UUS)-Subsidence and Economic Impact Spatial Planning Model (USEM): The Extent Development Impact via Cause-Effect and Spatiotemporal Analyses Circa 1960-2020-2050 in Shanghai Megacity. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202112.0505.v2
Chicago/Turabian Style
Hishammuddin, M. A. H. B., Kasturi Devi Kanniah and Keng Ying Wong. 2023 "Adaptive, Resilient Urban Underground Space (UUS)-Subsidence and Economic Impact Spatial Planning Model (USEM): The Extent Development Impact via Cause-Effect and Spatiotemporal Analyses Circa 1960-2020-2050 in Shanghai Megacity" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202112.0505.v2
Abstract
As a rapidly growing coastal megacity, Shanghai is continuously threatened with land subsidence issues since 1920s. Land subsidence was controlled in 1960s, however in 1990s, unconscious and dangerous urban underground space (UUS) exploration and tunneling development are causing further land subsidence. It is imperative to study previous relations towards future adaptive and resilient scenario modelling and planning. There are multiple cause-effect factors determined in the urban built environment of Shanghai megacity. This paper presents the current evidence based on the relations of the multifactor of the spectrum. Methods consist of understanding the cause-effect relations and spatiotemporal from the crucial period of 1960-2020. Data are collected secondarily from multiple open sourced databases. The results determine Shanghai are highly influenced by the UUS development induced-subsidence, tunneling leakage and weak spatial modelling. Spatiotemporal pattern has shown a mixed positive-negative impact: population, land subsidence is growing in parallel distribution (positive) with tunneling leakage, construction of tunneling, metro system, UUS development, building price, reconstruction area, GDP growth, land price, arable land decrease and further tunnel settlement in Urban City Centre, Pudong New Area, Minhang, Baoshan and Songjiang districts. These results are useful for further adaptive and resilient scenario modelling and spatial planning.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.