Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Pada Mencit Putih Jantan

ABSTRACT Gotu Kola Leaf (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) are known to contain flavonoid compound, and flavonoid are known to decrease blood glucose level by stimulating pancreas beta cells to produce insulin. The aim of this research is to find out wether the ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) has the antidiabetic effectiveness or not. This research used Completely Randomized Design method. There were 15 rats used in this research that were split into 5 groups that is negative control (Aquadest), positive control (Metformin), and ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf with the dosage of 5.4 mg;10.8 mg;21.6 mg. The acquired data were analyzed with ANOVA test and LSD test. The analysis result showed that ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf had antidiabetic effectiveness against male white rat. Keywords:  Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, antidiabetic, Rattus norvegicus  ABSTRAK  Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) diketahui mengandung zat flavonoid, dimana flavonoid telah diketahui mempunyai kemampuan menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan merangsang sel beta pankreas untuk memproduksi insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol daun pegagan memiliki efekivitas antidiabetes. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Tikus yang digunakan sebanyak 15 ekor dan dibagi dalam 5 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif (aquadest), kontrol positif (metformin), dan ekstrak etanol daun pegagan dengan dosis 5,4 mg; 10,8 mg; 21,6 mg. Data yang ada dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji ANOVA dan uji LSD. Hasil analisis menujukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun pegagan memiliki efektivitas antidiabetes terhadap tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus). Kata kunci: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, antidiabetes, Rattus norvegicus

Eryngium foetidum is a plant commonly used a seasoning cuisine and has a variety of chemical compounds that potentially an antifungal. The ethanol extract Eryngium foetidum was tested against fungal isolate Xi.01. The isolat Xi.01 isolated from the pepper (Piper Nigrum) stem was identified as Xeromyces sp. This study aimed to determine the ability of the antifungal ethanol extract of Eryngium foetidum against Xeromyces sp. (Xi.01). This study used solid dilution method and completely randomized design using 18 treatments, i.e negative control, positive control, diethanolamide concentration of 2.5; 5; 7.5 and 10% combined with the ethanol extract concentration of Eryngium foetidum of 5; 10; 20 and 40%. The results showed 16 treatment combinations had the same low antifungal activity level in the range 13,59-22,40%

ABSTRACT Background: Pomegranates contain chemical saponins and flavonoids while lemongrass stems have flavonoid chemical compounds. Substances that can inhibit the linking of bacteria are saponins and flavonoids. The most common microorganism found in ulcus diabetikum (ulcer diabetes) is Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of a combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and ethanol extract of lemongrass stems against S. aureus bacteria.Methods: This study used an experimental design with a complete randomized design study divided into 5 groups: groups 1 (75:25), 2 (50:50), 3 (25:75), positive control (tetracycline) and negative control. Manufacture of pomegranate peel extract and lemongrass stems was done by maceration method for further rotary, after the extract was obtained tested for antibacterial activity by diffusion method using a cylinder. With the test used analysis of variance one way.Results: The results of this study showed that the combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and citronella stem ethanol extract showed activity against S. aureus with a ratio of 15 ul:5 ul, 15 ul:15 ul, 5 ul:15 ul with inhibitory diameter of  respectively 13 mm, 11 mm, 8 mm. Whereas for positive control with chloramphenicol, the inhibition area is 9 mm.Conclusions: Statistically the combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and lemongrass stems has antibacterial power which uses p=0.005 and p<0.05. The combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and lemongrass stems has very strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus due to inhibition zones of 10-20 mm.

ABSTRACT Kumis Kucing Leaves (Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.) contains flavonoid compounds that has antioxidants activity that inhibits the action of the enzyme xanthine oxidase with reduced uric acid as result. This research is done to find out the effects antihyperuricemia ethanol extract of Kumis Kucing leaves on male white rat (Rattus norvegicus). 15 rats were used in this research and there were 5 treatment groups that is negative control (NACMC 1%), positive control (Allopurinol) 1,8 mg, and Kumis Kucing leaves extract group with dosage of 4,5 mg, 9 mg, 18 mg. The result of this research showed a decrease on uric acid value after ethanol extract of Kumis Kucing leave were given. The next result of this research used ANOVA test and LSD test, that showed the ethanol extract of Kumis Kucing leave had Antihyperuricemia activity on male white rat.Keywords:  Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume.) Miq., Antihyperuricemia, Rattus norvegicus.   ABSTRAK Daun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.) mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan yang dapat menghambat kerja enzim xantin oksidase sehingga pembentukan asam urat berkurang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efek antihiperurisemia ekstrak etanol daun kumis kucing, terhadap tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus). Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 ekor tikus dan terdapat 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol negatif (NaCMC 1%), kontrol positif (Allopurinol) 1,8 mg, dan kelompok ekstrak daun kumis kucing dengan dosis 4,5 mg, 9 mg, 18 mg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai asam urat mengalami penurunan setelah diberikan ekstrak etanol daun kumis kucing. Hasil penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA dan uji LSD, menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kumis kucing memiliki aktivitas antihiperurisemia terhadap tikus putih jantan. Kata kunci: Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume.) Miq., Antihiperurisemia, Rattus norvegicus

ABSTRACTJatropha leaves (Jatropha curcas L.) contains alkaloid, saponin, tannin, terpenoid, steroid, glycoside, phenol compound and flavonoid through ethanol extract. Until today the community still used the plant as a wound healing medicine. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of jatropha curcas L. leaf extract ointment for healing in male white rats wistar strain.  Jatropha leaves extract ointment was tested on 5 which consists of 3 rats in each treatment groups, that is base ointment (negative control), ointment betadine (positive control), ointment extract of Jatropha leaves 10%, 20% and 40%. Observations has made until the 14th day. And data were tested using ANOVA (Analysis of Variants) and continued with LSD (Least Significant Different) test.  Statistical test results showed a difference in the duration of wound healing in male white rats wistar strain between the ointment extract of jatropha leaf with ointment betadine and vaseline ointment. Keywords: Ointment, Jatropha extract (Jatropha curcas L.), Galur wistar, Wound.ABSTRAK Daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) mengandung zat-zat alkaloid, saponin, tannin, terpenoid, steroid, glikosida, senyawa fenol dan flavonoid melalui ekstrak etanol. Hingga saat ini masyarakat masih menggunakan tanaman tersebut sebagai obat penyembuh luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas salep ekstrak etanol daun jarak pagar terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar. Salep ekstrak daun jarak pagar  diujikan pada hewan uji tikus sebanyak 5 yang terdiri dari 3 ekor tikus disetiap kelompok perlakuan, yaitu  basis salep (kontrol negatif), salep betadine (kontrol positif), salep ekstrak etanol daun jarak pagar 10%, 20% dan 40%. Pengamatan dilakukan sampai hari ke 14. Data diuji dengan menggunakan ANOVA (Analisis Of Variant) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD (Least Significant Different). Hasil uji statistik menunjukan adanya perbedaan terhadap lamanya penyembuhan luka pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar antara sediaan salep ekstrak daun jarak pagar dengan salep salep betadine dan basis salep. Kata Kunci: Salep, Daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.), Galur wistar, Luka sayat.

ABSTRACTAn unhealthy diet in a high society protein, especially animal protein that contains a lot of purine, causes hyperuricemia (excess uric acid) to increase. The use of allopurinol that is too frequent or excessive  can cause dangerous side effects. Based on these things, it is necessary to do research on antihyperuricemia substances that have high effectiveness and guaranted safety. This study aims to determine the potential for decreasing uric acid levels of areca nut fruit. This type of research as laboratory experiments using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 5 types of treatment each treatment with 3 replications. Group 1 as a negative control was given induction of potassium oxonate, Group 2 as a positive control was given induction of potassium oxonate and allopurinol. Group 3-5 was trated with betel nut extract with different doses of 3,6 mg; 7,2 mg and 14,4 mg. Based on the results of the ANOVA statistical test, serum uric acid levels were significantly different from p = 0,002 (< 0,05). The results of the ethanol extracts of pinangyaki fruit at doses of 3,6 mg / 200gr BW, 7.2mg / 200gr BW and 14,4mg / 200gr BW can reduce serum uric acid levels by anova statistical test with a confidence level of 95%. Keywords: Yaki Areca Fruit, Anthihiperurisemia, Anova ABSTRAKPola makan yang tidak sehat dalam masyarakat yang berprotein tinggi,terutama protein hewani yang banyak mengandung purin, menyebabkan penyakit hiperurisemia (kelebihan asam urat) semakin meningkat. Penggunaan allopurinol yang terlalu sering atau berlebihan dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang berbahaya. Berdasarkan hal-hal tersebut, perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai zat antihiperurisemia yang memiliki efektivitas tinggi dan terjamin keamanannya . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi aktivitas penurunan kadar asam urat dari Buah Pinang Yaki. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimen laboratorium menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 5 macam perlakuan masing-masing perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Kelompok 1 sebagai kontrol negatif diberi induksi kalium oksonat), Kelompok 2 sebagai kontrol positif diberi induksi kalium oksonat dan Allopurinol. Kelompok3-5 diberi perlakuan ekstrak buah pinang yaki dengan dosis yang berbeda-beda yaitu 3,6 mg; 7,2 mg dan 14,4 mg. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik  Anova didapatkan kadar asam urat serum berbeda secara bermakna dengan p = 0,002 (<0,05). Hasil dari ekstrak etanol buah pinang yaki di dosis 3,6mg/200grBB, 7,2mg/200grBB dan 14,4mg/200grBB dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat serum dengan uji statistik Anova dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% Kata kunci : Buah Pinang Yaki, Antihiperurisemia, Anova

ABSTRACTIn the southeast Asian Region showing prevalence for the incidence of hyperuricemia, Indonesia ranks second with 18%. Diseases resulting from hyperuricemia (Excess uric acid) are known as gout. The use of excessive or uric acid lowering drugs such as Allopurinol can cause side effects. Flavonoids are known to inhibit xanthine oxidase, so flavonoids have the potential to be used as antyhiperuricemia agents. Green gedi leaves that have been extracted with 96% ethanol have a total flavonoid content of 41.56%. This study aims to determine the potential activity of reducing uric acid levels from green gedi leaves. This type of research is an experimental study carried out in a laboratory with rat test animals with 5 kind of treatments with 3 treatments per repetition. Hyperuricemia conditioning is done by inducing potassium oxonate intraperitoneally. Group I as negative control was given 1% CMC, group II as positive control was given Allopurinol, group III-V was treated with ethanol extract of green gedi leaves with defferent doses of 3.6mg, 7.2mg and 14.4mg. Based on the ANOVA test results obtained there is a significantly different levels of uric acid with p = 0.038 (<0.05) where the results of decreased of uric acid levels with the ethanol extracts of green gedi have a significant difference (p<0.05) with ANOVA statistical tests with level of confidence 95%. Keywords : Anova, antyhiperuricemiaa, green gedy leaves. ABSTRAKDi Kawasan Asia Tenggara menunjukan prevelensi untuk kejadian hiperurisemia, Indonesia menduduki peringkat kedua dengan angka 18%. Penyakit akibat hiperurisemia (kelebihan asam urat) dikenal sebagai gout atau pirai. Penggunaan obat penurun asam urat seperti Allopurinol yang berlebihan atau terlalu sering dapat menimbulkan efek samping. Flavonoid diketahui dapat menghambat xantin oksidase, sehingga flavonoid berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai agen antihiperurisemia. Daun gedi hijau yang telah diekstraksi dengan etanol 96% memiliki total kandungan flavonoid sebesar 41,56%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi aktivitas penurunan kadar asam urat dari daun gedi hijau. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan didalam laboratorium dengan hewan uji tikus dengan 5 macam perlakuan setiap perlakuan dengan 3 kali pengulanan. Pengkondisian hiperurisemia dilakukan dengan menginduksi kalium oksonat secara intreperitoneal. Kelompok I sebagai kontrol negatif diberi CMC 1%, kelompok II sebagai kontrol positif diberi Allopurinol, kelompok III- V diberi perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun gedi hijau dengan dosis yang berbeda-beda yaitu 3,6mg, 7,2mg, dan 14,4mg. Berdasarkan hasil uji ANOVA didapatkan kadar asam urat berbeda secara bermakna dengan p = 0,038 (<0,05) dimana hasil penurunan kadar asam urat ekstrak etatnol daun gedi hijau terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) dengan uji statistik ANOVA dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Kata kunci : Daun gedi hijau, antihiperurisemia, Anova

ABSTRACTPepper elder plant (Peperomia pellucida L.Kunth) is one of the plants that has the potential to cure various diseases, one of which is to reduce blood uric acid levels. The order contains chemical compounds namely flavonoids and saponins whose mechanism of action inhibits the activity of xantin oxsidase. The aim of this study was to determine the antihyperurismic activity of ethanol extracts of pepper elder plants (Peperomia pellucida L.Kunth) aginst male white rats wistar strain induced with caffeine. This research is experimental. Fifteen rats were divided into 5 treatment groups; each group consisted of 3 rats. The first group was the  negative control (K-) given CMC suspension, the second group was positive control (K+) given allopurinol, the three groups were 50mg dose variation groups, the four groups were 100 mg dose variation groups, and the five groups were variations a dose 200 mg. The rats were examined their fasting uric acid levels, then rats were induced by caffeine at dose 300 mg/kgBW. Orally. On the 6th day the uric acid level was examined and then treated according to the group for 9 days, the measurement of uric acid levels was done 3 days. The data obtained were then analyzed statistic using SPSS. Includes test (Levene), test (One sample kolmogrove smirnov-test), ANNOVA, kruskall wallis test. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of the pepper elder plant (Peperomia pellucida L.Kunth) could have a great effect on reducing hyperuricemia at a dose 200mg. Keywords: Antihyperuricemia, Peperomia pellucida L.Kunth.ABSTRAKSuruhan (Peperomia pellucida L.Kunth) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi untuk menyembuhkan berbagai penyakit, salah satunya adalah dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat darah. Suruhan mengandung senyawa kimia yaitu flavonoid dan saponin yang mekanisme kerjanya menghambat aktivitas Xantin Oksidase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas Antihiperurisemia ekstrak etanol tumbuhan suruhan (Peperomia pellucida L.Kunth) terhadap tikus putih jantan galur wistar yang di induksi kafein. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental. 15 ekor tikus dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan masing- masing kelompok terdiri dari 3 ekor tikus. Kelompok pertama kelompok Kontrol negatif (K-) yang diberikan suspensi CMC, Kelompok kedua kontrol positif (K+) yang diberikan allopurinol, kelompok tiga kelompok variasi dosis 50 mg, kelompok empat kelompok variasi dosis 100 mg, dan kelompok lima kelompok variasi dosis 200 mg. Sebelumnya tikus dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar asam urat puasa, selanjutnya tikus diinduksi kafein dosis 300 mg. secara oral. Pada hari ke 6 diperiksa kadar asam urat kemudian dilakukan perlakuan sesuai kelompok selama 9 hari, pengukuran kadar asam  urat dilakukan 3 hari sekali. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan SPSS. Meliputi uji (Levene), uji (One-Sample kolmogorove Smirnov-test), ANNOVA, uji kruskall wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol tumbuhan Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida L.Kunth) dapat memberikan efek penurunan Hiperurisemia yang besar pada dosis 200 mgKata kunci: Antihiperurisemia, Peperomia pellucida L.Kunth.

ABSTRAK Salah satu bahan alam yang diduga dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat adalah tumbuhan galing yang mengandung flavanoid. Kemampuan senyawa tersebut dalam menurunkan asam urat yaitu dengan cara menghambat aktivitas xantin oksidase pada basa purin sehingga akan menurunkan produksi asam urat. Tujuan  penelitian ini adalah  untuk  mengetahui aktivitas hiperurisemia dari ekstrak daun galing pada mencit BALB/C. Pada uji aktivitas antihiperurisemia yang dilakukan pada mencit, diinduksi pottasium oxonat pada dengan dosis 200 mg/kgBB, pada dosis ekstrak daun galing 300 mg/kg BB, 400 mg/kg BB, 500 mg/kg BB, kontrol positif allopurinol dan kontrol negatif Na-CMC 0.5% . Hasil uji farmakologi diolah secara statistik menggunakan uji normalitas dan one way ANOVA dan uji LSD (Least Significance Different) dengan program SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pada ekstrak ekstrak daun galing 300 mg/kg BB, 400 mg/kg BB dan 500 mg/kg BB mampu menurunkan kadar asam urat. Secara statistik terdapat pengaruh secara signifikan pada ekstrak daun galing dosis 300 mg/kg BB dan dosis 400 mg/kg BB terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat dengan nilai P 0,02<0,05 artinya terdapat perbedaan efek antihiperurisemia antara kelompok perlakuan.  Kata kunci: Antihiperurisemia, ekstrak etanol daun galing, , flavanoid, mencit   ABSTRACT One of the natural ingredients that is thought to reduce uric acid levels is a thorny plant which contains flavonoids. The ability of these compounds in reducing uric acid is by inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase in the purine base so that it will reduce uric acid production. The purpose of this study was to determine the hyperuricemia activity of the galing leaf extract in BALB / C mice. In the antihyperuricemia activity test conducted on mice, pottasium oxonate was induced at a dose of 200 mg / kgBW, at a dose of galing leaf extract 300 mg / kgBW, 400 mg / kgBW, 500 mg / kgBW, positive control of allopurinol and negative control of Na -CMC 0.5%. Pharmacological test results were statistically processed using the normality test and one way ANOVA and LSD (Least Significance Different) test with the SPSS 20 program. The results showed that the extract of the galing leaf extract 300 mg / kg BW, 400 mg / kg BW and 500 mg / kg BW could reduce uric acid levels. Statistically, there was a significant effect on galing leaf extract at a dose of 300 mg / kg BW and a dose of 400 mg / kg BW on decreasing uric acid levels with a P value of 0.02 <0.05, meaning that there were differences in antihyperuricemia effects between treatment groups.  Keywords: Antihyperuricemia, ethanol extract galing leaf,  flavanoid, mice  

Tepung pelepah aren secara tradisional digunakan sebagai obat untuk menghilangkan rasa gatal dan luka bakar pada kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas anti-inflamasi ekstrak etanol tepung pelepah aren (Arenga pinnanta) menggunakan metode induksi karagenan. Ekstrak etanol tepung pelepah aren yang digunakan didapatkan dari hasil maserasi tepung pelepah aren menggunakan etanol hasil redestilasi cap tikus. Metode pengujian aktivitas anti-inflamasi menggunakan 15 ekor tikus putih jantan galur wistar dengan berat 150-200 gram yang dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, Kelompok Kontrol negative, Kontrol Positif dan kelompok dosis ekstrak etanol 20%, 25% dan 30%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kelompok ekstrak etanol tepung pelepah aren dosis 30% memiliki kemampuan inhibisi udem yang sama dengan kontrol positif (Na Diklofenak) dan memiliki kemampuan inhibisi yang lebih besar dibandingkan dosis 20% dan 25%.ABSTRACTPalm stem flour is traditionally used as a remedy for the relief of itching and burns on the skin. This research aims to test the anti-inflammatory activity of palm-flour (Arenga pinnanta) ethanol extract using Caragenan induction method. Palm-dried stem flour extract used from the maceration of palm flour, using ethanol redestilation of rat seals. The method of testing anti-inflammatory activity using 15 male white rats with Wistar strain with a weight of 150-200 grams divided into 5 treatment groups, negative control group, positive control and group dose of ethanol extract 20%, 25% and 30%. The results of this study showed that the group of dried palm flour extract dose 30% have the same inhibition capability with positive control (Na Diklofenak) and have greater inhibition capability compared to the dose 20% and 25%.