Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
2K views

Basic Computer Science

The document summarizes the basic functional units of a computer: 1) The input unit receives data and program statements. 2) Memory stores programs and data, including primary storage like RAM and secondary storage like hard disks. 3) The central processing unit (CPU) processes data and consists of a control section, arithmetic/logic section, and internal storage. 4) The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs calculations and logical decisions. 5) The control unit directs operations and maintains order. 6) The output unit converts processed information into a human perceivable form.

Uploaded by

neenu1
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2K views

Basic Computer Science

The document summarizes the basic functional units of a computer: 1) The input unit receives data and program statements. 2) Memory stores programs and data, including primary storage like RAM and secondary storage like hard disks. 3) The central processing unit (CPU) processes data and consists of a control section, arithmetic/logic section, and internal storage. 4) The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs calculations and logical decisions. 5) The control unit directs operations and maintains order. 6) The output unit converts processed information into a human perceivable form.

Uploaded by

neenu1
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Neenu Prasad

Input
Memory Output

Arithmetic and logic

Control

I/O

Processor

Figure 1.1. Basic functional units of a computer.

Input unit : receive both data and program statements to function properly and be able to solve problems feeding data and programs Eg: keyboard, a mouse, or a scanner

Store programs and data Two classes of storage


Primary storage
Fast Programs must be stored in memory while they are being executed Large number of semiconductor storage cells Processed in words Address RAM and memory access time Memory hierarchy cache, main memory

Secondary storage larger and cheaper

The brain of a computer system is the central processing unit (CPU). computing center of the system processes data transferred to it from one of the various input devices consists of a control section, an arithmeticlogic section and an internal storage section

Most computer operations are executed in ALU. Performs all arithmetic calculations and take logical decisions. Tests various conditions encountered during processing and takes action based on the result

All computer operations are controlled by the control unit.


The control section directs the flow of traffic (operations) and data. It also maintains order within the computer

Operations of a computer:

Accept information in the form of programs and data through an input unit and store it in the memory Fetch the information stored in the memory, under program control, into an ALU, where the information is processed Output the processed information through an output unit Control all activities inside the machine through a control unit

convert information coming from a computer system into some form perceptible by humans Eg:Monitor

You might also like