Rain Sensor
Rain Sensor
(IJCA)
ABSTRACT
Over the past two decades, the automotive industry has aggressively researched ways to exploit modern computing and electronic advances in the development of safety, reliability, and entertainment technologies for vehicles. With drivers exposed to an ever increasing number of distractions, automatic rain-sensing wiper systems become an even more appealing feature, as they work to minimize the time the driver must take his/her hands off the wheel. Most traditional systems offer intermittent as well as variable speed operation. The traditional wiper system however requires driver constant attention in adjusting the wiper speed .Traditional windshield wiper speed constantly varies according to time and vehicles speed. Because the manual adjustment of the wiper distracts driver's attention, which may be a direct cause accidents. This is review paper for automatic wier in various method and also explain the basic skeleton for adjust speed of wiper automatically cording to the amount of water on the windshield and in addition with also in advance removal of moisture inside the car while raining. The system activates the wiper to operate in full automatic mode and detect moister using CAN technology.
For solving these problems, In this paper, we present the concept using a vision-based smart wiper system that a driver to collect visual information during precipitation this is done Using PIC microcontroller with CAN (Controller Area Network) facilities. Use of CAN controller because that combine the connection between windscreen wiper switch, windscreen wiper motor and windscreen wiper restoration machine, and related unit. This was originally developed for use in cars but now used in industrial automation and control applications. CAN is a high-integrity serial data communications bus for real-time control applications. CAN controller has master and slave system. Slave system collect the information about like amount of rain, temperature, moisture from sensor and from various other unit. This information sends it towards mater for father processing. Master analysis that data and take a decision and make logic. The decision include at what speeded the wiper motor rotate, and check whether there is any change in outer and inner temperature if there is small changes then no action to be taken, and if there is vast changes in temperature then which will automatically make the response to the presence of moisture and according adjust that temperature and remove moister inside car windshield.
Keywords
Moisture sensor (SH200), PIC 18F/16F series Microcontrollers with CAN function provisions, temperature sensor, moisture sensor, rain level sensor.
1. INTRODUCTION
Over the past two decades, the automotive industry has aggressively researched ways to exploit modern computing and electronic advances in the development of safety, reliability, and entertainment technologies. Despite this, automatic rain-sensing wiper systems are relatively uncommon in modern vehicles for a number of reasons. They are often too expensive, too unsightly, or too unreliable to be desired in new automobiles. Many attempts have been made at constructing an effective, reliable, and cheap rain detection and wiper control system for vehicles speed and intermittent interval automatically according to the amount of rain. To measure the amount of water usually use optical sensor. In this type of sensors uses the fact that the refraction angle and the amount of reflection of the light are different when the 2 windshield is wet. Even though optical sensors are used widely they have some disadvantage. One of disadvantages is the sensitivity to external light. Another problem is occurs when car drive at night or gone through tunnel and even in underground parking. For this many systems still activate the wiper when the car comes out of tunnels or underground parking lot. Another shortfall, maybe a major one is that the sensing area is a relatively small portion of windshield. Hence the system operate only with limited area.[2] The wiper system may fail to activate when there are some raindrops on the drivers line of sight, but not on the sensing area. They are often too expensive, too unsightly, or too unreliable to be desired in new automobiles.
Fig 1. System Implementation On Car The problem definition is to design a prototype for a PIC microcontroller (PIC18F2580) based vision system aid in windshield assembly which controls the windshield wiper speed based on the amount of water. For this a comprehensive study of sensors, actuators and mechanical design was done. Development of hardware module and the software has progress. The basic method used for designing the circuit is that a rain level sensor will detect the amount of rain and give the signal to the controller. The ADC in the controller detects the sensor input and gives the signal to the driver circuit. The motor driver actuates the motor to run at high speed or low speed based on the amount of rain detected. The microcontroller used for the design is PIC18F2580. Here this been confined towards automatic windshield wiper which has a lot of advantages over the basic Technology that is used 27
2nd National Conference on Information and Communication Technology (NCICT) 2011 Proceedings published in International Journal of Computer Applications (IJCA) normally in todays world. The subsequent sections will describe the basic working of the windshield wiper where the whole technique of how a windshield wiper works has been described. After that in the third section the hardware and software to be used are described. The fourth section covers the designing part followed by result and conclusion.
2.1
The sensor signal from various sensor is fed to CAN Which is convert the amplitude and send it to the 8 bit microcontroller which converts the amplitude Vp of the raindrop signal into pulse-width information. This pulse-width information is read into a software counter in the microprocessor to determine the degree of rainfall.
2.2
Output section:
The relay circuit is controlled by microprocessor output. The relay is turned on and off to drive the wiper motor. Pulsewidth information corresponding to the diameter and number of raindrops is stored in the microprocessor, and is initialized each time the wiper motor is driven. and Humidity and temperature also vary according to the internal car temperature
8 Bit Microcontroller
PWM
Sensor Output
Humidity Sensor
Wiper
Fig 2 is a block diagram of the controller circuit. In Fig the three sensor temperature sensor, rain level sensor and humidity sensor are three input section which given to data CAN the receive input and wiper operate automatically by using PWM signal using speed control IC
2nd National Conference on Information and Communication Technology (NCICT) 2011 Proceedings published in International Journal of Computer Applications (IJCA)
4. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION:
The basic control units of the hardware comprises of power supply unit, control switch, wiper motor, rain level sensor ,motor driver circuit, moisture sensor, temperature sensor and the most important of all PIC controller. Power supply unit maintains the continuous power to the controller and the wiper motor. Control switch is directly connected to the controller. Motor driver circuit is linked with the wiper motor and the controller. The command it gets from the controller is used to either drive the wiper motor or switch it off. Rain detection sensor detects the amount of water level on the windscreen and accordingly sends the signal to the controller.
5. CONCLUSION:
We have to developed an automatic wiper control system which is improved version of intermittent wiper system. This wiper system reduce cumbersome wiper operation and improve drivers level comfort.It will give a new dimension of comfort and aid to the drivers who work at night and traffic prone areas where they already have to concentrate on brakes and clutch. The removal of controlling the wipers during rain will provide them much ease and help them concentrate on the basic ABC (accelerator, brake and clutch) of driving. Our system features high accuracy, high sensitivity, and noncontact measurement. The system are used as component in home automation system because it can detect a sudden rain and notify people in the house.
6. REFERANCES :
[1] Abhishek Shukla, Rohan Dwivedi Design and Implementation of Vision System Aid in Windscreen Assembly International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 8887)Volume 7 No.12, October 2010
[2] Joonwoo Son Seon Bong Lee, Man Ho Kim Suk Lee*, Kyung Chang Lee** Intelligent Rain Sensing and Fuzzy Wiper Control Algorithmfor Vision-based Smart Windshield Wiper System [3] Hideki Kajioka,Keiji Fujimura,Yasuhiro FujitaAutomatic wiper comtroller using optical sensor [4] Wong Sai Hoong & Gilbert ThioDesign of A Moisture Controller For Wiper Paper reach report JASA |July 2006 [5] Shinichi KATO* Toshinori YAGI* Development of a Rain-Light SensorTechnical Review 2008 Fig. 3: Control Block [6]Jian hu, Gangyan li, Xiude Wu, Jianhua Zhou and Liping Lu, "Design of intelligent bridge in city-bus information integrated control system", in Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/ASME International Conference onMechatronic and Embedded Systems and Applications, Beijing, China,2006, pp.423-427. [7] Bosch, "CAN Specification 2.0", in Robert Bosch GmbH, 1991. [8] [9] Working system of windshield wiperhttp://auto.howstuffworks.com/wiper.htm History of Windshield wiper.http://www.answers.com/topic/windscreen-wiper1.
control .